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Umar Khayam
ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ( ar, عمر بن الخطاب, also spelled Omar, ) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634. Umar was a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was also an expert Muslim jurist known for his pious and just nature, which earned him the epithet ''al-Fārūq'' ("the one who distinguishes (between right and wrong)"). Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed the title ''al-Fārūq'' ('the Distinguisher') upon Umar, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr () as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farooq
Farooq (also transliterated as Farouk, Faruqi, Farook, Faruk, Faroeq, Faruq, or Farouq, Farooqi, Faruque or Farooqui; ar, فاروق, Fārūq) is a common Arabic given and family name. ''Al-Fārūq'' literally means "the one who distinguishes between right and wrong." Given name Farouk *Farouk of Egypt (1920–1965), King of Egypt and the Sudan *Farouk El-Baz (born 1938), scientist * Farouk Hosny (born 1938), painter * Farouk Janeman (1953–2013), Fijian athlete *Farouk Kaddoumi (born 1931), Palestinian leader *Farouk Kamoun (born 1946), Tunisian scientist *Farouk Lawan (born 1962), Nigerian politician *Farouk Seif Al Nasr (1922–2009), Egyptian politician *Farouk Shami, Palestinian-American businessman *Farouk al-Sharaa (born 1938), Syrian politician Farooq *Farooq Abdullah (born 1937), Indian politician *Farooq Kathwari, United States businessman *Farooq Kperogi, Nigerian academic *Farooq Leghari (1940–2010), eighth President of Pakistan from November 14, 1993 until Dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umm Hakim Bint Al-Harith Ibn Hisham
Umm Ḥakīm bint al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām ( ar, أم حكيم بنت الحارث بن هشام) was a female companion of Muhammad and later a wife of Umar, the second caliph of Islam. Family life Umm Hakim was daughter of al-Harith al-Makhzumi (ibn Hisham ibn al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum). His mother's name was Fatima bint al-Walid ibn al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum. She was wife of Ikrima Abi Jahl, who was killed in the Battle of the Yarmuk in 634 CE. Later in 634 CE she was married to Abu Sa'id Khalid ibn Sa'id on the evening preceding Battle of Marj al-Saffar, Abu Sa'id was killed in the battle. Later she was married to Umar ibn al-Khattab, from him she had a daughter named Fatima. Battle of Uhud In the battle of Uhud she accompanied Ikrima and other Quraysh of Mecca who fought against the Muslims. She, along with other women, beat drums as they led the group of Quraysh women onto the battlefield. Conquest of Mecca In 630 C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prophets And Messengers In Islam
Prophets in Islam ( ar, الأنبياء في الإسلام, translit=al-ʾAnbiyāʾ fī al-ʾIslām) are individuals in Islam who are believed to spread God's message on Earth and to serve as models of ideal human behaviour. Some prophets are categorized as messengers ( ar, رسل, rusul, sing. , ), those who transmit divine revelation, most of them through the interaction of an angel. Muslims believe that many prophets existed, including many not mentioned in the Quran. The Quran states: "And for every community there is a messenger." Belief in the Islamic prophets is one of the six articles of the Islamic faith. Muslims believe that the first prophet was also the first human being, Adam, created by God. Many of the revelations delivered by the 48 prophets in Judaism and many prophets of Christianity are mentioned as such in the Quran but usually with Arabic versions of their names; for example, the Jewish Elisha is called Alyasa', Job is Ayyub, Jesus is 'Isa, etc. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Companions Of The Prophet
The Companions of the Prophet ( ar, اَلصَّحَابَةُ; ''aṣ-ṣaḥāba'' meaning "the companions", from the verb meaning "accompany", "keep company with", "associate with") were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime, while being a Muslim and were physically in his presence. "Al-ṣaḥāba" is definite plural; the indefinite singular is masculine ('), feminine ('). Later Islamic scholars accepted their testimony of the words and deeds of Muhammad, the occasions on which the Quran was revealed and other various important matters of Islamic history and practice. The testimony of the companions, as it was passed down through trusted chains of narrators (''isnad''s), was the basis of the developing Islamic tradition. From the traditions (''hadith'') of the life of Muhammad and his companions are drawn the Muslim way of life ('' sunnah''), the code of conduct ('' sharia'') it requires, and the jurisprudence (''fiqh'') by whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hantamah Bint Hisham
Ḥantamah bint Hishām ( ar, حنتمة بنت هشام) was the mother of Umar ibn al-Khattab and wife of Khattab ibn Nufayl. She lived during the 6th century and was a contemporary of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Her son Umar would become Muslim and is regarded as the second "Rightly guided Caliph" (Arabic " Rashidun") by Muslims (except Shiites). She was the ancestor of many Sahabas. Ancestry Hantamah was born in Mecca to Hisham ibn al-Mughirah. Hisham ibn al-Mughirah was the son of Mughirah ibn Abd-Allah, one of the leaders of the Quraish. One of his daughters was Hantamah, who was the mother of Umar. By his wife Asma bint Mukharraba, he was the father of Abu Jahl, the famous opponent of Muhammad. Biography Hantamah was the daughter of Hisham ibn al-Mughirah. She was born in Mecca. She belong to Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe. Hantamah married Khattab ibn Nufayl, this marriage was arranged by her father. Hantamah gave birth to her first child Umar around 583 or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Khattab Ibn Nufayl
Al-Khaṭṭāb ibn Nufayl () was an Arab chief from the tribe of Quraysh. He lived during the 6th century and was a contemporary of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His son Umar would later become Muslim, and would come to be regarded by Sunni Muslims as the second "Rightly guided Caliph" (Arabic ''" Rashidun"''). Thus, he was the ancestor of a good number of the companions of the Prophet (Arabic: ). Biography Al-Khattab was the son of Nufayl ibn Abd al-Uzza. His father was the chief of Banu Adi clan of Quraysh. After the death of his father, he succeeded him as the chief of Banu Adi. Al-Khattab also have a brother who died young, his name was Amr ibn Nufayl. His brother had a son Zayd. He had good relations with his tribesmen and kins. However his relation with his nephew Zayd ibn Amr started gradually deteriorate because his nephew had denied the subordinate gods to Allāh and he embraced strict monotheism. This angered many members of Nufayl family and Banu Adi clan. Zayd's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Adi
Banu Adi ( ar, بنو عدي) was a clan of the Quraysh tribe descended from Adi ibn Ka'b. The Banu Adi were with the Meccans as part of the escort that preceded the Battle of Badr; they did not join Quraysh further. Notable members Among the clan members can be found: *Umar ibn al-Khattab *Zayd ibn al-Khattab, (died 632) companion of Muḥammad and the brother of Caliph Umar. *Sa'id bin Zayd, (died 671) companion of Muḥammad. *Zayd ibn Amr: (died 605) was a monotheist who lived in Mecca before Islam and father of Sa'id bin Zayd. *Khattab ibn Nufayl: father of Caliph Umar *Fatimah bint al-Khattab *Zayd ibn Umar: son of Caliph Umar * Abdullah ibn Umar: son of Caliph Umar *Hafsa bint Umar: wife of Muhammad * Al-Shifa' bint Abdullah: the only literate female sahaba * Asim ibn Umar: son of Caliph Umar, one of the Tabi‘in. * Salim ibn Abd-Allah (d. 728) was the famous ''Tabi‘un'', scholar and hadith narrator. He was the grandson of caliph Umar. *Umar ibn Ibrahim ibn Waqid al-Umar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quraysh
The Quraysh ( ar, قُرَيْشٌ) were a grouping of Arab clans that historically inhabited and controlled the city of Mecca and its Kaaba. The Islamic prophet Muhammad was born into the Hashim clan of the tribe. Despite this, many of the Quraysh staunchly opposed Muhammad, until converting to Islam ''en masse'' in CE. Afterwards, leadership of the Muslim community traditionally passed to a member of the Quraysh, as was the case with the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and purportedly the Fatimid caliphates. Name Sources differ as to the etymology of Quraysh, with one theory holding that it was the diminutive form of ''qirsh'' (shark).Watt 1986, p. 435. The 9th-century genealogist Hisham ibn al-Kalbi asserted that there was no eponymous founder of Quraysh;Peters 1994, p. 14. rather, the name stemmed from ''taqarrush'', an Arabic word meaning "a coming together" or "association". The Quraysh gained their name when Qusayy ibn Kilab, a sixth-generation descendant of Fihr ibn Malik, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayd Ibn Umar
Zayd ibn ʿUmar ( ar, زيد بن عمر), was a son of the second caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab and his wife Umm Kulthum bint Ali, a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Biography He was the son of Umar and Umm Kulthum bint Ali.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr'', p. 204. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. He was killed while trying to bring peace to his clan of Banu Adi. He left no descendants. Umar and Umm Kulthum's marriage Ali wanted his daughters to marry his brother Ja'far's sons, but Umm Kulthum's hand in marriage was requested by the Caliph, who promised, "No man on the face of the earth will treat her better than I will."Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' Volume 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). ''The Women of Madina''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. Ali protested that she had not yet reached puberty, but Umar commanded that she be presented to him. Ali gave his daughter a stri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asim Ibn Umar
ʿĀṣim ibn ʿUmar ( ar, عاصم بن عمر; c. 628 – c. 689) was the son of Jamila bint Thabit and Umar, the second Rashidun caliph. Asim was also the famous Hadith scholar. Biography Asim was the son of Umar ibn al-Khattab the senior Sahaba of the prophet Muhammad, his mother was also prophet's companion. His father, Umar was born in Mecca to the Banu Adi clan, which was responsible for arbitration among the tribes. His mother, Jamila was the daughter of Thabit ibn Abi al-Aflah and Al-Shamus bint Abi Amir, who were both from the 'Amr ibn Awf clan of the Aws tribe in Medina. Her brother Asim was among those who fought at Badr. His mother, Jamila was one of Medina's first converts to Islam. She and her mother were among the first ten women to pledge allegiance to Muhammad in 622. On hearing that her name was Asiya ("disobedient"), Muhammad renamed her: "No, you are Jamila" ("beautiful"). She married Umar about five years later, between May 627 and May 628. They had one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubayd Allah Ibn Umar
Ubayd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab ( ar, عبيد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب, ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; died summer 657) was a son of Caliph Umar (). His killing of Hormuzan, whom he suspected of involvement in his father's assassination in 644, and his pardon by Caliph Uthman () was opposed by Ali, the cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. When Ali became caliph in 656, he refused Ubayd Allah's appeal to uphold Uthman's pardon, prompting Ubayd Allah to defect to Ali's principal enemy, the governor of Syria Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan. The latter made Ubayd Allah a commander of his elite battalion at the Battle of Siffin, where he was slain. Life Early life and family Ubayd Allah was a son of Umar ibn al-Khattab, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a member of the Banu Adi clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca who ruled as caliph from 634 until his assassination in 644. Ubayd Allah's mother was a woman of the Khuza'a tribe who Umar later d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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