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Trust (1976 Film)
''Trust'' ( fi, Luottamus; russian: Доверие, Doverie) is a 1976 Finnish-Soviet historical drama film directed by Edvin Laine and Viktor Tregubovich. The film portrays the events leading up to the Finnish Declaration of Independence from Russia in 1917 and especially the role of Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin in them. The main roles are played by Kirill Lavrov as Lenin and Vilho Siivola as P. E. Svinhufvud. Edvin Laine received the state film artist award for the film, and Vilho Siivola received the Jussi Award for best actor. At the Riga Film Festival in 1977, the film was awarded a special jury prize for artistic merit in depicting the beginning stages of peaceful coexistence between two neighboring countries.Luottamus – Elonet.fi (in Finnish) After completion, the film was shown in schools as an |
Edvin Laine
Edvin Laine (13 July 1905 – 18 November 1989) was a Finnish film director. Laine was born Bovellán. Laine directed a comedy '' Aaltoska orkaniseeraa'' and family film ''Sleeping Beauty'', both in 1949. '' The Unknown Soldier'', a film Laine directed in 1955 based on Väinö Linna's novel, was a big sensation in Finland. There have later been two other film adaptations of the same novel but Laine's version remains the best known. Laine also directed another film based on Väinö Linna's book, ''Here, Beneath the North Star'' (1968), which also was a successful movie in Finland. His 1958 film ''Sven Tuuva the Hero'' was entered into the 9th Berlin International Film Festival. Three years later, his film ''Skandaali tyttökoulussa'' was entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival. ''Here, Beneath the North Star'' was entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1970 film ''Aksel and Elina'' was entered into the 7th Moscow International Film Festiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Declaration Of Independence
The Finnish Declaration of Independence ( fi, Suomen itsenäisyysjulistus; sv, Finlands självständighetsförklaring; russian: Провозглашение независимости Финляндии) was adopted by the Parliament of Finland on 6 December 1917. It declared Finland an independent nation, ending its autonomy within Russia as the Grand Principality of Finland, with reference to a bill simultaneously delivered to the Parliament to make Finland an independent republic instead. Declaring independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. The declaration is celebrated as Independence Day in Finland. History Revolution in Russia After the February Revolution and the abdication of ''Tsar'' Nicholas II, Grand Prince of Finland, on 2 March (15 March N.S.) 1917, the personal union between Russia and Finland lost its legal base – at least according to the view in Helsinki. There were negotiations between the Russian Provisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugen Schauman
Eugen Waldemar Schauman (russian: Евгений Владимирович Шауман, ''Evgeny Vladimirovich Shauman''); ( – ) was a Swedish speaking Finnish nationalist and nobleman. Schauman assassinated the Imperial Russian Governor-General of Finland Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov. Early life and family Eugen Schauman was born in Kharkov, Russia (now Kharkiv, Ukraine) to Swedish-speaking Finnish parents. His mother was Elin Maria Schauman, and his father was Fredrik Waldemar Schauman, a general-lieutenant in the Imperial Russian army, who also served as a privy councillor and senator in the Finnish government. His brother Rafael was born in 1873, and his sister Sigrid in 1877. The family moved often due to Waldemar's work with the government. As a young child, he was inspired by his mother's reading of ''The Tales of Ensign Stål'' by Johan Ludvig Runeberg. These told of the resistance to attempted Russification and oppression that had been going on in Finland for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Petition
The Great Petition ( fi, Suuri Adressi) was a document produced in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1899, during the first period of the Russification of Finland. It petitioned the Grand Duke of Finland, Tsar Nicholas II to reconsider his February Manifesto issued earlier in the same year. University students went from village to village to collect more than half a million signatures, roughly one fifth of the Finnish population at the time, within eleven days. When the delegation, consisting of 500 men all around Finland, delivering the petition arrived in St Petersburg, the Tsar declined to see it. Thus, it failed to have any effect. See also *Kagal (Finnish resistance movement) *Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament References Literature from periodicals: * John William Nylander, ''Suuri lähetystö : muistoja ja tuokiokuvia'' (alkuteos: ''Den stora deputationen'', suom. Santeri Ingman), 1899 (162 s.) * Santeri Ingman, ''Suuri lähetystö : kerto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolshevik Government
Under the leadership of Russian communist Vladimir Lenin, the Bolshevik Party seized power in the Russian Republic during a coup known as the October Revolution. Overthrowing the pre-existing Provisional Government, the Bolsheviks established a new administration, the first Council of People's Commissars (see article "Lenin's First and Second Government"), with Lenin appointed as its governing chairman. Ruling by decree, Lenin’s Sovnarkom introduced widespread reforms confiscating land for redistribution among the permitting non-Russian nations to declare themselves independent, improving labour rights, and increasing access to education. The Lenin party continued with the previously scheduled November 1917 election, but when it produced a Constituent Assembly dominated by the rival Socialist Revolutionary Party the Bolsheviks lambasted it as counter-revolutionary and shut it down. The Bolshevik government banned a number of centrist and right-wing parties, and restricted the ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustaf Idman
Karl Gustaf Idman (1 December 1885 in Tampere – 13 April 1961 in Helsinki) was a Finnish diplomat and a non-partisan Minister of Foreign Affairs in Antti Tulenheimo's cabinet in 1925. Idman completed a law doctorate in 1914 and worked in Helsinki University as a professor of international law from 1915 to 1917. Idman became an official in the Finnish Foreign Office in January 1918 after Finland gained independence. Idman belonged to the delegation which visited St. Petersburg in 1917 and acquired Lenin's approval for Finnish Declaration of Independence. Idman hold several foreign service positions during his career. He was special envoy in Copenhagen 1919–1927, in Budapest 1922–1927, in Riga and Kaunas 1927–1928, in Prague from 1927 to 1935, in Warsaw 1928-1938 and in Bucharest 1928–1938. During World War II, Idman hold a similar position of a special envoy since October 1939 in Tokyo and also since August 1941 in Mukden (Manchukuo). Idman was put into disponibility o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Enckell
Carl Johan Alexis Enckell (7 June 1876 – 26 March 1959) was a Finnish politician, diplomat, officer and businessman. Enckell followed his father's footsteps in the Russian military and rose to the Imperial Russian Guard. As he was not satisfied with the salary and his stagnated military career, he studied mechanical engineering in Germany. After graduation in 1903, he worked in the Kuusankoski paper mill and the Helsinki-based engineering companies Hietalahti Shipyard and Engineering Works and Kone- ja Siltarakennus. During the 1910s Enckell was also active in a number of employers' organisations. In 1917, shortly before the October Revolution, Enckell was appointed Finnish Minister–Secretary of State to Saint Petersburg. Following the Finnish Declaration of Independence, Enckell worked hard to get international recognition for the declaration. During the following years, Enckell served as Finnish envoy to Paris, and later to the League of Nations, in which he successfully ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independence Of Finland
Finland declared its independence on 6 December 1917. The formal Declaration of Independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. History Proclamation of Empress Elizabeth (1742) The subject of an independent Finland was first mentioned in the 18th century, when present-day Finland was still ruled by Sweden. On 18 March 1742, during the Russian occupation in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), Empress Elizabeth of Russia issued a proclamation in the Finnish language to the Finnish people asking them to create a Finland which would be independent from both Sweden and Russia. This led to preparations to create a Kingdom of Finland in 1742. Elizabeth's nephew Duke Peter of Holstein-Gottorp (who later became heir to the throne of Russia and Tsar as Peter III) was proclaimed King of Finland. However, the political situation outgrew the idea of a Finnish kingdom and the concept quickly evaporated. Anjala conspiracy (1788) The Anjala conspir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finlandization
Finlandization ( fi, suomettuminen; sv, finlandisering; german: Finnlandisierung; et, soomestumine; russian: финляндизация, finlyandizatsiya) is the process by which one powerful country makes a smaller neighboring country refrain from opposing the former's foreign policy rules, while allowing it to keep its nominal independence and its own political system. The term means "to become like Finland", referring to the influence of the Soviet Union on Finland's policies during the Cold War. The term is often considered pejorative. It originated in the West German political debate of the late 1960s and 1970s. As the term was used in West Germany and other NATO countries, it referred to the decision of a country not to challenge a more powerful neighbour in foreign politics, while maintaining national sovereignty. It is commonly used in reference to Finland's policies in relation to the Soviet Union during the Cold War, but it can refer more generally to similar intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Educational Film
An educational film is a film or movie whose primary purpose is to educate. Educational films have been used in classrooms as an alternative to other teaching methods. History Determining which videos should count as the first educational films is controversial. Some researchers suggest that the first educational films were shown in St. Petersburg in 1897, while other studies determined that the first educational films were inspired by the newsreel in 1913. Regardless, the increasing number of educational films could prove that the production of such films started in the early 1900s. Usage of educational film during the late 19th and 20th centuries Educational films are productions aiming to inform target audiences about designated issues.McClusky, F. Dean. "The nature of the educational film." Hollywood Quarterly 2.4 (1947): 371-380. The topic of study varies. Educational cinema was normally divided into three main categories: instructional, educational, and scholastic. Educ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riga Film Festival
Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Baltic Sea. Riga's territory covers and lies above sea level, on a flat and sandy plain. Riga was founded in 1201 and is a former Hanseatic League member. Riga's historical centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted for its Art Nouveau/Jugendstil architecture and 19th century wooden architecture. Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden. Riga hosted the 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2006 IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships, 2013 World Women's Curling Championship and the 2021 IIHF World Championship. It is home to the European Union's office of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC). In 2017, it was named the European Region of Gastronomy. In 2016 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
