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The Great Petition ( fi, Suuri Adressi) was a document produced in the
Grand Duchy of Finland The Grand Duchy of Finland ( fi, Suomen suuriruhtinaskunta; sv, Storfurstendömet Finland; russian: Великое княжество Финляндское, , all of which literally translate as Grand Principality of Finland) was the predecessor ...
in 1899, during the first period of the
Russification of Finland The policy of Russification of Finland ( fi, sortokaudet / sortovuodet, lit=times/years of oppression; russian: Русификация Финляндии, translit=Rusyfikatsiya Finlyandii) was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at ...
. It petitioned the
Grand Duke of Finland Grand Duke of Finland, or, more accurately, the Grand Prince of Finland ( fi, Suomen suuriruhtinas, sv, Storfurste av Finland, rus, Великий князь Финляндский, r=Velikiy knyaz' Finlyandskiy, p=vʲɪˈlʲikɪj knʲæsʲ fʲ ...
,
Tsar Nicholas II Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Polan ...
to reconsider his
February Manifesto The February Manifesto, also known as His Imperial Majesty's Graceful Announcement (decree collection 3/1899) was a legislative act given by Emperor of Russia Nicholas II on 15 February 1899, defining the legislation order of laws concerning the Gr ...
issued earlier in the same year. University students went from village to village to collect more than half a million signatures, roughly one fifth of the Finnish population at the time, within eleven days. When the delegation, consisting of 500 men all around Finland, delivering the petition arrived in
St Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
, the Tsar declined to see it. Thus, it failed to have any effect.


See also

*
Kagal (Finnish resistance movement) In the history of Finland, the Kagal was a resistance movement that existed before the 1905 Russian Revolution and founded under the period of Russian oppression, in resistance to the oppressive government of Governor-General Nikolai Bobrikov wh ...
*
Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament The Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament (or alternatively translated ... Taiwan Representative Assembly, Taiwan Parliament Petition League Movement) took place in the first half of the twentieth century. It demande ...


References

Literature from periodicals: * John William Nylander, ''Suuri lähetystö : muistoja ja tuokiokuvia'' (alkuteos: ''Den stora deputationen'', suom. Santeri Ingman), 1899 (162 s.) * Santeri Ingman, ''Suuri lähetystö : kertomus matkasta ja toimista''; esittänyt S. I.. Laulajan tervehdys : runo / Ilmari Calamnius. Otava, 1899. (32 s.) Book: *
Päiviö Tommila Juhani Päiviö Tommila (4 August 1931 – 18 November 2022) was a Finnish historian and professor at Helsinki University. Career Tommila was born in Jyväskylä on 4 August 1931. He became a PhD in 1962 with his dissertation ''La Finlande dans ...
, ''Suuri adressi 1899'', WSOY (Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö), Helsinki 1999,


External links


YLEn Elävä arkisto – Suuri lähetystö sortovaltaa vastaan
osa 40-vuotisjuhlallisuuksien dokumentista vuodelta 1939
Suuren lähetystön jäsenet 13.–20.3.1899

Suuri adressi arkistolaitoksen Portti verkkopalvelussa

Suuri adressi digitaalisena Kansallisarkiston Digitaaliarkistossa

''Suuri adressi 1899'' Kansallisarkiston ''Merkittävimmät asiakirjat 1890–2009'' -verkkoasiakirjanäyttelyssä
{Dead link, date=January 2020 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes 1899 in Finland Petitions