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Trirectified 9-cube
In nine-dimensional geometry, a rectified 9-cube is a convex uniform 9-polytope, being a rectification of the regular 9-cube. There are 9 rectifications of the 9-cube. The zeroth is the 9-cube itself, and the 8th is the dual 9-orthoplex. Vertices of the rectified 9-cube are located at the edge-centers of the 9-orthoplex. Vertices of the birectified 9-cube are located in the square face centers of the 9-cube. Vertices of the trirectified 9-orthoplex are located in the cube cell centers of the 9-cube. Vertices of the quadrirectified 9-cube are located in the tesseract centers of the 9-cube. These polytopes are part of a family 511 uniform 9-polytopes with BC9 symmetry. Rectified 9-cube Alternate names * Rectified enneract (Acronym ren) (Jonathan Bowers) Images Birectified 9-cube Alternate names * Birectified enneract (Acronym barn) (Jonathan Bowers) Images Trirectified 9-cube Alternate names * Trirectified enneract (Acronym tarn) (Jonathan Bowers) Images Qua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9-cube T8
In geometry, a 9-cube is a nine-dimensional hypercube with 512 Vertex (geometry), vertices, 2304 Edge (geometry), edges, 4608 square Face (geometry), faces, 5376 cube, cubic Cell (mathematics), cells, 4032 tesseract 4-faces, 2016 5-cube 5-faces, 672 6-cube 6-faces, 144 7-cube 7-faces, and 18 8-cube 8-faces. It can be named by its Schläfli symbol , being composed of three 8-cubes around each 7-face. It is also called an enneract, a portmanteau of tesseract (the ''4-cube'') and ''enne'' for nine (dimensions) in Greek language, Greek. It can also be called a regular octadeca-9-tope or octadecayotton, as a 9-polytope, nine-dimensional polytope constructed with 18 regular Facet (geometry), facets. It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The Dual polytope, dual of a 9-cube can be called a 9-orthoplex, and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes. Cartesian coordinates Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 9-cube centered at the origin a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9-cube T0
In geometry, a 9-cube is a nine-dimensional hypercube with 512 vertices, 2304 edges, 4608 square faces, 5376 cubic cells, 4032 tesseract 4-faces, 2016 5-cube 5-faces, 672 6-cube 6-faces, 144 7-cube 7-faces, and 18 8-cube 8-faces. It can be named by its Schläfli symbol , being composed of three 8-cubes around each 7-face. It is also called an enneract, a portmanteau of tesseract (the ''4-cube'') and ''enne'' for nine (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular octadeca-9-tope or octadecayotton, as a nine-dimensional polytope constructed with 18 regular facets. It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The dual of a 9-cube can be called a 9-orthoplex, and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes. Cartesian coordinates Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 9-cube centered at the origin and edge length 2 are : (±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1) while the interior of the same consists of all points (''x''0, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter
Harold Scott MacDonald "Donald" Coxeter, (9 February 1907 – 31 March 2003) was a British and later also Canadian geometer. He is regarded as one of the greatest geometers of the 20th century. Biography Coxeter was born in Kensington to Harold Samuel Coxeter and Lucy (). His father had taken over the family business of Coxeter & Son, manufacturers of surgical instruments and compressed gases (including a mechanism for anaesthetising surgical patients with nitrous oxide), but was able to retire early and focus on sculpting and baritone singing; Lucy Coxeter was a portrait and landscape painter who had attended the Royal Academy of Arts. A maternal cousin was the architect Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. In his youth, Coxeter composed music and was an accomplished pianist at the age of 10. Roberts, Siobhan, ''King of Infinite Space: Donald Coxeter, The Man Who Saved Geometry'', Walker & Company, 2006, He felt that mathematics and music were intimately related, outlining his i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tesseract
In geometry, a tesseract is the four-dimensional analogue of the cube; the tesseract is to the cube as the cube is to the square. Just as the surface of the cube consists of six square faces, the hypersurface of the tesseract consists of eight cubical cells. The tesseract is one of the six convex regular 4-polytopes. The tesseract is also called an 8-cell, C8, (regular) octachoron, octahedroid, cubic prism, and tetracube. It is the four-dimensional hypercube, or 4-cube as a member of the dimensional family of hypercubes or measure polytopes. Coxeter labels it the \gamma_4 polytope. The term ''hypercube'' without a dimension reference is frequently treated as a synonym for this specific polytope. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the word ''tesseract'' to Charles Howard Hinton's 1888 book ''A New Era of Thought''. The term derives from the Greek ( 'four') and from ( 'ray'), referring to the four edges from each vertex to other vertices. Hinton originally spell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cube
In geometry, a cube is a three-dimensional solid object bounded by six square faces, facets or sides, with three meeting at each vertex. Viewed from a corner it is a hexagon and its net is usually depicted as a cross. The cube is the only regular hexahedron and is one of the five Platonic solids. It has 6 faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices. The cube is also a square parallelepiped, an equilateral cuboid and a right rhombohedron a 3-zonohedron. It is a regular square prism in three orientations, and a trigonal trapezohedron in four orientations. The cube is dual to the octahedron. It has cubical or octahedral symmetry. The cube is the only convex polyhedron whose faces are all squares. Orthogonal projections The ''cube'' has four special orthogonal projections, centered, on a vertex, edges, face and normal to its vertex figure. The first and third correspond to the A2 and B2 Coxeter planes. Spherical tiling The cube can also be represented as a spherical tiling, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rectification (geometry)
In Euclidean geometry, rectification, also known as critical truncation or complete-truncation, is the process of truncating a polytope by marking the midpoints of all its Edge (geometry), edges, and cutting off its Vertex (geometry), vertices at those points. The resulting polytope will be bounded by vertex figure facets and the rectified facets of the original polytope. A rectification operator is sometimes denoted by the letter with a Schläfli symbol. For example, is the rectified cube, also called a cuboctahedron, and also represented as \begin 4 \\ 3 \end. And a rectified cuboctahedron is a rhombicuboctahedron, and also represented as r\begin 4 \\ 3 \end. Conway polyhedron notation uses for ambo as this operator. In graph theory this operation creates a medial graph. The rectification of any regular self-dual polyhedron or tiling will result in another regular polyhedron or tiling with a tiling order of 4, for example the tetrahedron becoming an octahedron As a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uniform 9-polytope
In nine-dimensional geometry, a nine-dimensional polytope or 9-polytope is a polytope contained by 8-polytope facets. Each 7-polytope ridge being shared by exactly two 8-polytope facets. A uniform 9-polytope is one which is vertex-transitive, and constructed from uniform 8-polytope Facet (geometry), facets. Regular 9-polytopes Regular 9-polytopes can be represented by the Schläfli symbol , with w 8-polytope facets A facet is a flat surface of a geometric shape, e.g., of a cut gemstone. Facet may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Facets'' (album), an album by Jim Croce * ''Facets'', a 1980 album by jazz pianist Monty Alexander and his tri ... around each Peak (geometry), peak. There are exactly three such List of regular polytopes#Convex 4, convex regular 9-polytopes: # - 9-simplex # - 9-cube # - 9-orthoplex There are no nonconvex regular 9-polytopes. Euler characteristic The topology of any given 9-polytope is defined by its Betti numbers and tor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geometry
Geometry (; ) is, with arithmetic, one of the oldest branches of mathematics. It is concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is called a ''geometer''. Until the 19th century, geometry was almost exclusively devoted to Euclidean geometry, which includes the notions of point, line, plane, distance, angle, surface, and curve, as fundamental concepts. During the 19th century several discoveries enlarged dramatically the scope of geometry. One of the oldest such discoveries is Carl Friedrich Gauss' ("remarkable theorem") that asserts roughly that the Gaussian curvature of a surface is independent from any specific embedding in a Euclidean space. This implies that surfaces can be studied ''intrinsically'', that is, as stand-alone spaces, and has been expanded into the theory of manifolds and Riemannian geometry. Later in the 19th century, it appeared that geometries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coxeter Plane
In mathematics, the Coxeter number ''h'' is the order of a Coxeter element of an irreducible Coxeter group. It is named after H.S.M. Coxeter. Definitions Note that this article assumes a finite Coxeter group. For infinite Coxeter groups, there are multiple conjugacy classes of Coxeter elements, and they have infinite order. There are many different ways to define the Coxeter number ''h'' of an irreducible root system. A Coxeter element is a product of all simple reflections. The product depends on the order in which they are taken, but different orderings produce conjugate elements, which have the same order. *The Coxeter number is the order of any Coxeter element;. *The Coxeter number is 2''m''/''n'', where ''n'' is the rank, and ''m'' is the number of reflections. In the crystallographic case, ''m'' is half the number of roots; and ''2m''+''n'' is the dimension of the corresponding semisimple Lie algebra. *If the highest root is Σ''m''iα''i'' for simple roots α''i'', th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthogonal Projection
In linear algebra and functional analysis, a projection is a linear transformation P from a vector space to itself (an endomorphism) such that P\circ P=P. That is, whenever P is applied twice to any vector, it gives the same result as if it were applied once (i.e. P is idempotent). It leaves its image unchanged. This definition of "projection" formalizes and generalizes the idea of graphical projection. One can also consider the effect of a projection on a geometrical object by examining the effect of the projection on points in the object. Definitions A projection on a vector space V is a linear operator P : V \to V such that P^2 = P. When V has an inner product and is complete (i.e. when V is a Hilbert space) the concept of orthogonality can be used. A projection P on a Hilbert space V is called an orthogonal projection if it satisfies \langle P \mathbf x, \mathbf y \rangle = \langle \mathbf x, P \mathbf y \rangle for all \mathbf x, \mathbf y \in V. A projection on a Hilber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9-cube
In geometry, a 9-cube is a nine-dimensional hypercube with 512 vertices, 2304 edges, 4608 square faces, 5376 cubic cells, 4032 tesseract 4-faces, 2016 5-cube 5-faces, 672 6-cube 6-faces, 144 7-cube 7-faces, and 18 8-cube 8-faces. It can be named by its Schläfli symbol , being composed of three 8-cubes around each 7-face. It is also called an enneract, a portmanteau of tesseract (the ''4-cube'') and ''enne'' for nine (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular octadeca-9-tope or octadecayotton, as a nine-dimensional polytope constructed with 18 regular facets. It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The dual of a 9-cube can be called a 9-orthoplex, and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes. Cartesian coordinates Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 9-cube centered at the origin and edge length 2 are : (±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1) while the interior of the same consists of all points (''x''0, ''x''1, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9-cube T1
In geometry, a 9-cube is a nine-dimensional hypercube with 512 vertices, 2304 edges, 4608 square faces, 5376 cubic cells, 4032 tesseract 4-faces, 2016 5-cube 5-faces, 672 6-cube 6-faces, 144 7-cube 7-faces, and 18 8-cube 8-faces. It can be named by its Schläfli symbol , being composed of three 8-cubes around each 7-face. It is also called an enneract, a portmanteau of tesseract (the ''4-cube'') and ''enne'' for nine (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular octadeca-9-tope or octadecayotton, as a nine-dimensional polytope constructed with 18 regular facets. It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The dual of a 9-cube can be called a 9-orthoplex, and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes. Cartesian coordinates Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 9-cube centered at the origin and edge length 2 are : (±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1) while the interior of the same consists of all points (''x''0, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
