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Toledo East
Toledo East is an electoral constituency in the Toledo District represented in the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of Belize since 2012 by Michael Espat of the People's United Party. Espat also served several non-consecutive terms in the constituency dating back to 1989. Profile The Toledo East constituency was one of 10 new seats created for the 1984 general election. It is one of two constituencies in the rural Toledo District of southern Belize, currently comprising the district's coastal areas including Punta Gorda and Monkey River Town Monkey River Town (or Monkey River) is a village in the north of the Toledo District of Belize. It is on the Caribbean Sea on the southern shore of the mouth of Belize's Monkey River. In 2011 the estimated population was 200 people. The village ....Belize e ...
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House Of Representatives (Belize)
The House of Representatives of Belize is one of two chambers of the National Assembly of Belize, National Assembly, the other being the Senate of Belize, Senate. It was created under the Constitution of Belize, 1981 constitution. Members are commonly called "Area Representatives." Area Representatives are elected by winning a majority of votes in their respective Constituencies of Belize, constituencies under the First-past-the-post voting, first-past-the-post system. The body is directly descended from the British Honduras Legislative Assembly created in 1954 with nine elected members. It has been expanded several times since: to 18 in 1961, 28 in 1984, 29 in 1993 and finally to 31 in 2008. The leader of the majority party in the Belize House typically becomes List of Prime Ministers of Belize, Prime Minister of Belize. Current members of the House of Representatives by district The elected representatives and their constituencies according to the Elections and Boundaries D ...
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1993 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 30 June 1993.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p104 Although the People's United Party received the most votes, the United Democratic Party–National Alliance for Belizean Rights alliance won the most seats. Voter turnout was 72.1%. Background British forces, kept in Belize by agreement of its government since independence in 1981, were scheduled to leave in 1993 or 1994. There was widespread belief that Belize would fall prey to Guatemalan incursions if the British left. The PUP won the previous election with a two-seat majority. However, by early 1993 its majority had increased to six thanks to newly elected UDP Area Rep. William Usher of Toledo West crossing the floor to the PUP days after the 1989 election, and a January 1993 by-election win in Freetown after the UDP's Derek Aikman was forced to resign due to bankruptcy.Ramos, Adele"Bombshell: Mahmud resigns!" ''Amandala'', 25 November 20 ...
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Political Divisions In Belize
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including w ...
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Political Database Of The Americas
The Political Database of the Americas (PDBA) is a non-governmental organization based at the Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS), an academic center of the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service of Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. It was formed in collaboration with the Organization of American States (OAS) anFLACSO-Chile History The Political Database of the Americas was formed at Georgetown University in 1995 as a result of the 1st Summit of the Americas in 1994 in Miami. This recognized democracy as the only legitimate form of government in the Western Hemisphere, and the OAS and Tinker Foundation funded the creation of the PDBA to promote this mission. Objective The objective of the database is to "contribute to the study, promotion and strengthening of democracy in the hemisphere". To achieve this objective, it collects, organises, exchanges and disseminates information, data, statistics on institutions from a political perspective, comparative st ...
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2020 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 11 November 2020 to elect the 31 members of the House of Representatives. Nomination day was 21 October. The People's United Party achieved its first national election victory since 2003, winning 26 seats, while the incumbent United Democratic Party had its worst result since 1998, winning the remaining 5 seats. Despite the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and a recent tropical storm, election turnout was over 81%, the highest since 1998. The election also featured the first female party leader and Prime Ministerial candidate in Belizean general election history: Nancy Marin, leader of the Belize People's Front. Several high-profile MP's also chose not to contest the elections. The previous prime minister, Dean Barrow (UDP), was constitutionally required to step down after serving three terms in office; having been an MP since 1984, he also decided to retire from the House. His predecessor as prime minister, Said Musa (PUP), al ...
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2015 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 4 November 2015 to elect members of the House of Representatives (Belize), House of Representatives. On 28 September 2015 Prime Minister Dean Barrow announced that he had advised the Governor-General of Belize, Governor-General to dissolve the National Assembly (Belize), National Assembly and to fix Wednesday 4 November 2015 as the date for the next general elections. Barrow's United Democratic Party (Belize), United Democratic Party increased its majority from 17 seats to 19 seats.Garcia, David Alire"Belize PM Barrow wins record third consecutive term" Reuters, 5 November 2015. (accessed 5 November 2015) While the People's United Party won 12 seats. Date The 2012 Belizean general and local elections, prior general election was held on 7 March 2012, and the previous National Assembly opened on 21 March 2012. According to Section 84 of the Constitution of Belize, the National Assembly must be dissolved "five years from the date when the two ...
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2012 Belizean General And Local Elections
General elections were held in Belize on 7 March 2012 to elect all 31 members of the Belize House of Representatives as well as offices in the various local governments. The election was run by the Elections and Boundaries Commission's Elections and Boundaries Department. Dean Barrow and his United Democratic Party (UDP) were re-elected, but lost eight seats to the opposition People's United Party (PUP) to maintain a slim 17-14 majority in the Belize House. The upper house of the Belize National Assembly, the Senate, was appointed after the election by the UDP-led government in accordance with the Constitution of Belize. Contesting parties Prime Minister Dean Barrow's United Democratic Party (UDP) was the incumbent in the election with his party holding 25 seats at dissolution. The opposition People's United Party (PUP), led by Francis Fonseca since late 2011, held the other seats in the Belize House. An unrepresented coalition of smaller parties ran in nine of the 31 constituen ...
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Eden Martinez
Peter Eden Martinez is a Belizean politician and member of the United Democratic Party. He served a single term as Area Representative in the House of Representatives from the Toledo East constituency from 2008 to 2012.2008 General Elections Final Results
, . (accessed 19 November 2014)


Political career

Martinez was first selected as the UDP nominee in Toledo East in 2003 but was defeated by the PUP incumbent,
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2008 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 7 February 2008. Beginning with this election, Belizeans elected 31 members to the House of Representatives of Belize instead of 29. In what was considered an upset, the opposition United Democratic Party (UDP) won the election with 25 out of 31 seats; the ruling People's United Party won six. The elections were held alongside a constitutional referendum had also been called to determine the views of Belizeans on an elected Senate. Background In August 2003 Cayo South Area Rep. Agripino Cawich of the PUP died, triggering a by-election in the constituency, only the second held in Belize since independence. The by-election was won by the UDP's John Saldivar, who had lost to Cawich in the general election earlier in 2003. Saldivar's win flipped the constituency to the UDP column and increased the party's caucus to eight for the remainder of the term.
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2003 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 5 March 2003. Belizeans elected 29 members to the House of Representatives for a term of five years. The result was a victory for the ruling People's United Party (PUP), which won 22 of the 29 seats. Background The PUP were seeking a second consecutive term in office after recording significant development in the economy from 1998 to 2003. Their opponents, the UDP, sought to replace them in office because of charges of corruption and mismanagement of public funds. Previous to this election, the parties had alternated their time in office since independence. As an aside, municipal elections had originally been called for this date, creating a situation of triple elections in one day, a first for the Caribbean region according to Myrtle Palacio of the EBD. As a postscript, Cayo South winner Agripino Cawich Sr. died of illness in August 2003. UDP candidate John Saldivar, who had lost to Cawich in March, won the subsequent by-election over ...
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1998 Belizean General Election
General elections were held in Belize on 27 August 1998.Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p104 The result was a victory for the People's United Party, which won 26 of the 29 seats and Said Musa was elected as Prime Minister for the first time.Unofficial election results of twenty-nine constituencies
Channel 5 Belize, August 28, 1998. (accessed 5 October 2014)
Voter turnout was 90.1%, the highest since independence.


Background

The ruling United Democratic Party (UDP) was widely ...
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Joseph Cayetano
Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the modern-day Nordic countries. In Portuguese and Spanish, the name is "José". In Arabic, including in the Quran, the name is spelled ''Yūsuf''. In Persian, the name is "Yousef". The name has enjoyed significant popularity in its many forms in numerous countries, and ''Joseph'' was one of the two names, along with ''Robert'', to have remained in the top 10 boys' names list in the US from 1925 to 1972. It is especially common in contemporary Israel, as either "Yossi" or "Yossef", and in Italy, where the name "Giuseppe" was the most common male name in the 20th century. In the first century CE, Joseph was the second most popular male name for Palestine Jews. In the Book of Genesis Joseph is Jacob's eleventh son and Rachel's first son, and kn ...
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