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TOMM22
Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOMM22'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. The encoded protein interacts with TOMM20 and TOMM40, and forms a complex with several other proteins to import cytosolic preproteins into the mitochondrion. See also * Mitochondria Outer Membrane Translocase * TOMM20 * TOMM40 * TOMM70A Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM70 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOMM70A'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meani ... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-22-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Translocase Of The Outer Membrane
The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) is a complex of proteins found in the outer mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria. It allows movement of proteins through this barrier and into the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion. Most of the proteins needed for mitochondrial function are encoded by the Cell nucleus, nucleus of the Cell (biology), cell. The outer membrane of the mitochondrion is impermeable to large molecules greater than 5000 Atomic mass units, Daltons. The TOM works in conjunction with the translocase of the inner membrane (TIM) to translocate proteins into the mitochondrion. Many of the proteins in the TOM complex, such as TOMM22, were first identified in ''Neurospora crassa'' and ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae''. Many of the genes encoding these proteins are designated as TOMM (translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane) complex genes. The complete mitochondrial protein translocase complex includes at least 19 proteins: several chaperones, four pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TOMM20
Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM20 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOMM20'' gene. TOM20 is one of the receptor systems of the TOM complex (translocase of the outer membrane) in the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Function In mitochondrial protein import, TOM20 is closely associated with the pore-forming TOM40 complex and acts by recognizing and binding the N-terminal MTSs (matrix-targeting sequences), which form an amphipathic alpha helix and aid passage of the target proteins into the mitochondrial matrix. See also * Mitochondria Outer Membrane Translocase * TOMM22 * TOMM40 * TOMM70A Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM70 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOMM70A'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meani ... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-1-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TOMM40
Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (yeast), also known as TOMM40, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''TOMM40'' gene. Function ''TOMM40'' codes for a protein that is embedded into outer membranes of mitochondria and is required for the movement of proteins into mitochondria. More precisely, TOMM40 is the channel-forming subunit of a translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane ( TOM) that is essential for protein transport into mitochondria. Clinical significance In humans, certain alleles of this gene have been statistically associated with an increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease.; One study has found that TOMM40 risk alleles appears twice as often in people with Alzheimer's disease than those without it. Because ''TOMM40'' is located on chromosome 19, and is closely adjacent to ''APOE'', another gene known to be associated with Alzheimer's, another study has suggested that the statistically significant correlatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
