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Turkism Day
Turkism Day () is celebrated on 3 May since 1945 in memory of the rallies in defense of Nihal Atsız, who was prosecuted for defamation by Sabahattin Ali, whom Atsiz called a Soviet spy in an article he wrote. For the second hearing in his trial against Ali, Atsiz's supporters welcomed him arriving at Ankara train station, where they burned books by Ali and Nâzım Hikmet. The rally was mainly by racists and Turanists who shouted slogans against communists. During the trial, they massed in the courtroom, as well in front of the court. They later marched to Ulus Square where they eventually clashed with the police. Following the rally, many participants were arrested and some of them were defendants in the Racism Turanism trial. Reha Oğuz Türkkan, Atsız, Alparslan Türkeş, Nejdet Sançar and others, who were imprisoned in the Tophane Military prison, held a reunion on 3 May 1945 to remember the rallies in support of Atsız. This was the start of a 'Turkism Day' celebration; Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turanism Trial
Turanism, also known as pan-Turanianism, pan-Turanism, or simply Turan, is a pseudoscientific pan-nationalist cultural and political movement proclaiming the need for close cooperation or political unification between people who are claimed by its supporters to be culturally, linguistically or ethnically related and to have Inner and Central Asian origin, such as the Turks, Mongols, Tungus, Hungarians, Finns, Estonians, and other smaller ethnic groups, as a means of collaborating towards shared interests and opposing the cultural and political influences of the powers of Europe and East Asia. It was born in the 19th century to counter the effects of pan-nationalist ideologies such as pan-Germanism and built upon the ideas of pan-Slavism (e.g. the idea of a "Turanian brotherhood and collaboration" was borrowed from the pan-Slavic concept of "Slavic brotherhood and collaboration"). The term "Turan" is of Iranian origin and is believed to refer to a prehistorical human society i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alparslan Türkeş
Alparslan Türkeş (; 25 November 1917 – 4 April 1997) was a Turkish politician, who was the founder and president of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and the Grey Wolves ''(Ülkü Ocakları)''. He represented the far-right of the Turkish political spectrum. He was and still is called ''Başbuğ'' ("Leader") by his devotees. Early life Türkeş was born in Nicosia, British Cyprus, to a Turkish Cypriot family in 1917. His birth name is disputed, some claiming that it is Hüseyin Feyzullah, while MHP claims it is Ali Arslan. His paternal great-grandfather had emigrated to Cyprus from Kayseri, Ottoman Empire, in the 1860s. His father, Ahmet Hamdi Bey, was from Tuzla, near Famagusta, and his mother, Fatma Zehra Hanım, was from Larnaca. However, in an interview with the scholar Fatma Müge Göçek the journalist Hrant Dink claimed that Türkeş was of Armenian descent, an orphan originally from Sivas who was later adopted by a Muslim couple from Cyprus. In 1932, with fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Nationalism
Turkish nationalism ( tr, Türk milliyetçiliği) is a political ideology that promotes and glorifies the Turkish people, as either a Turkey#Demographics, national, Turkish people, ethnic, or Turkish language, linguistic group. The term "ultranationalism" is often used to describe Turkish nationalism. History After the Historiography of the fall of the Ottoman Empire, fall of the Ottoman Empire, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk came to power. He introduced a language reform with the aim to "cleanse" the Turkish language of foreign influence. He also promoted the Sun Language Theory in Turkish political and educational circles from 1935. Turkish researchers at the time like Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın and Rıfat Osman Bey also came up with the idea that Early Sumerians were proto-Turks. Variants Ideologies associated with Turkish nationalism include Pan-Turkism or Turanism (a form of ethnic or racial essentialism or national mysticism), Turkish-Islamic synthesis (which combines Turkish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justice And Development Party (Turkey)
The Justice and Development Party ( tr, Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, ; AKP), abbreviated officially AK Party in English, is a political party in Turkey self-describing as conservative-democrat. It is one of the two major parties of contemporary Turkey along with the Republican People's Party (CHP). Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been chairman of AKP since the 2017 Party Congress. The AKP is the largest party in the Grand National Assembly, the Turkish national legislature, with 285 out of 600 seats, having won 42.6% of votes in the 2018 Turkish parliamentary election. It forms the People's Alliance with the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). The current AKP parliamentary leader is İsmet Yılmaz. Founded in 2001 by members of a number of parties such as FP, ANAP and DYP, the party has a strong base of support among people from the conservative tradition of Turkey, though the party strongly denies it is Islamist. The party positioned itself as pro-liberal market economy, sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Good Party
The Good Party ( Turkish: ''İyi Parti'') is a nationalist, national conservative, Kemalist, and liberal democrat political party in Turkey, established on 25 October 2017 by its current leader Meral Akşener. Their fraternal party is the liberal-conservative Democrat Party. The party's name and flag is a reference to the emblem of the Kayı tribe. The party was formed as a result in a split by prominent former members of Turkey's Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and later joined by some former members of the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP). The party's founder and chairperson, Meral Akşener, and its deputy chairperson, Koray Aydın, are both former members of the MHP before establishing the party. Plans to form a new party emerged amongst prominent MHP defectors after the MHP's support for a 'Yes' vote in the controversial 2017 constitutional referendum, as well as a failed attempt to unseat the party's governing leader. In addition to endorsing a more moder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Movement Party
The Nationalist Movement Party (alternatively translated as Nationalist Action Party; tr, Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP) is a Turkish far-right and ultranationalist political party. The group is often described as neo-fascist, and has been linked to some violent paramilitaries and organized crime groups. The party is represented by 48 MPs in the Turkish Parliament which support the AKP government. Its leader is Devlet Bahçeli. The party was formed in 1969 by former Turkish Army colonel Alparslan Türkeş, who had become leader of the Republican Villagers Nation Party (CKMP) in 1965. The party mainly followed a Pan-Turkist and Turkish nationalist political agenda throughout the latter half of the 20th century. Devlet Bahçeli took over after Türkeş's death in 1997. The party's youth wing is the Grey Wolves (''Bozkurtlar'') organization, which is also known as the "Nationalist Hearths" (''Ülkü Ocakları'') which contributed to the political violence in Turkey in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Hearths
Turkish Hearths ( tr, Türk Ocakları) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Turkey. It was founded in 1912, during the last years of the Ottoman Empire, in a period when almost all non-Turkish elements had their own national committees, and Turkish Hearths was founded as a Turkish national committee. History First term Following a meeting of the Young Turks, the Turkish nationalists, on 3 July 1911, the Non-governmental organization, NGO was officially founded in İstanbul on 25 March 1912. According to the statute of Turkish Hearths, the activities were mostly concentrated on culture and education, raising the social, economic and intellectual level of the Turkish people for the perfection of the Turkish language and race.Ada Holly Shissler. ''Between Two Empires: Ahmet Agaoglu and the New Turkey'', I.B.Tauris, 2003, p. 159 It published books and magazines, offered courses to raise the Turkish nationalism, Turkish nationalist heritage, founded clubs and organized literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nejdet Sançar
Ahmet Nejdet Sançar (May 1, 1910 – February 22, 1975) was a Turkish literature teacher, who became one of the prominent personalities of the Pan-Turkist ideology. He was the younger brother of another notable Turkish nationalist, Nihâl Atsız. Politics The two brothers had strong similarities in many ways. They were both literature teachers and they were defending the same political ideology. Just like his brother, he was tried during the ''Türkçülük Davası'' (Trial of Pan-Turkism). The trial was a state reaction to the growing power of the nationalist front in the country because the nationalists were against the policies of the second president of Turkey, İsmet İnönü Mustafa İsmet İnönü (; 24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish army officer and statesman of Kurdish descent, who served as the second President of Turkey from 11 November 1938 to 22 May 1950, and its Prime Minister three tim .... In the end, Sançar wasn't found guilty and he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reha Oğuz Türkkan
Reha Oğuz Türkkan (born 12 October 1920, Constantinople (modern city), Constantinople - died 18 January 2010) was Turkish people, Turkish academic, journalist and a leading ideologue of Racism in Turkey, Turkish racism. During his lifetime he published many books which focused on Turkish nationalism and Pan-Turkism. He was the grandnephew of Fakhri Pasha. Early life and education He studied Law at the Ankara University and following his graduation, he worked at the Ministry of Justice (Turkey), Ministry of Justice. Publishing He began to publish the outlet Ergenekon on the 10 November 1938. The ''Ergenekon'' appeared only a few times, but it was an influential outlet for Pan-Turkism as it depicted a Bozkurt (the Grey Wolves (organization), Grey Wolf) on every front-page as well as the slogans ''"The Turkish race above everything"'' or ''"The Turkish race above every other race".''Landau, Jacob M. (1995).pp.88–89 He was a fierce opponent of a Fascism, fascist or communis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihal Atsız
Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız ( ota, حسين نيهال آتسز; January 12, 1905 – December 11, 1975) was a prominent Turkish ultranationalist writer, novelist, and poet. Nihâl Atsız self-identified as a racist, Pan-Turkist and Turanist. He was a critic of Islam in his later life, defining it as “a religion created by the Arabs, for Arabs”.Cenk SaraçoğluNihal Atsız's World-View and Its Influences on the Shared Symbols, Rituals, Myths and Practices of the Ülkücü Movement/ref> He was the author of over 30 books and numerous articles and was in strong opposition to the government of İsmet İnönü, which he criticized for co-operating with the communists. He was accused of being a sympathizer of the Nazi government and plotting to overthrow the Turkish government. Personal life Nihâl Atsız was born on January 12, 1905, at Kasımpaşa, Istanbul. His father was navy commander Mehmet Nail Bey, from the Çiftçioğlu family of Torul, Gümüşhane; and his mother was Fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racism-Turanism Trials
During the Racism-Turanism trials ( tr, Irkçılık-Turancılık Davası) the prosecution accused the defendants of spreading racist and pan-Turkist ideologies and attempting a coup on the Turkish Government. The trials lasted between May 1944 and March 1947, and were triggered by nationalist demonstrations on 3 May 1944 in support of Nihal Atsız who was on trial against Sabahattin Ali for defamation. According to tried pan-Turkists as well as researchers like Edward Weisband and Uğur Mumcu, the trials were plotted to improve the relations between Turkey and the Soviet Union. Pre-trial On the 3 May 1944 a rally by racists and Turanists in support of Nihal Atisız with thousands of participants took place. The protestants shortly managed to occupy the courthouse and shout slogans against the Government. In reaction to the rallies on 3 May 1944, from 9 May onwards 47 people were detained, most of them known Pan-Turkists like Nihal Atsız. Reha Oğuz Türkkan was arrested on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulus Square
Ulus Square ( tr, Ulus Meydanı) is a square in Ankara, Turkey. "''Ulus''" is the Turkish word for "Nation". Geography The square is actually a crossroad of four streets at about . The boulevard to south is Atatürk Boulevard and the street to the north which is the continuation of Atatürk Boulevard is Çankırı Street. The street to the south west is Cumhuriyet Street and the street to the east is Anafartalar Street. ( Atatürk is the founder of modern Turkey, Çankırı is the name of a city to the north of Ankara, ''Cumhuriyet'' means Republic and Anfartalar was the location of a critical battle during the Gallipoli Campaign.) The only open area of the square is an area allocated to the Statue of Victory to the east of the square. History Before the formation of Republic of Turkey, Ankara was a typical Anatolian town. The only important trade center of Ankara was ''Taşhan'' (i.e., "Stone inn") which was built in 1880s. The neighborhood around Taşhan was also called Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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