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Turdaș
Turdaș ( hu, Tordos, german: Tordesch) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Pricaz (''Perkász''), Râpaș (''Répás''), Spini (''Pád'') and Turdaș. Turdaș has been attested to in various relics found in museums in Germany and Romania. The first is a tax collector report dated to 1334, where in the Catholic priest paid one silver mark in taxes; the Germans in the region were Catholic until the 16th century. According to the report the village had 56 "smokes" or chimneys, i.e. houses. Turdaș is located in an area of Transylvanian Saxon settlement, and the village traditionally had a strong German population. This is the location of the Turdaş archaeological site, some 7000 years old. The archaeological site was a large Neolithic/Chalcolithic settlement along the course of the river Mureș. It was first researched by Zsófia Torma. The sub-culture Vinča-Turdaș (a late, regional variation of the Vinča culture The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mureș (river)
The Mureș (; hu, Maros, ; sr, script=Cyrl, Мориш, Moriš) is a river in Eastern Europe. Its drainage basin covers an area of .Analysis of the Tisza River Basin 2007 IPCDR It originates in the Hășmașu Mare Range in the Eastern , |
Vinča Culture
The Vinča culture (), also known as Turdaș culture or Turdaș–Vinča culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture of Southeast Europe, dated to the period 5700–4500 BC or 5300–4700/4500 BC.. Named for its type site, Vinča-Belo Brdo, a large tell settlement discovered by Serbian archaeologist Miloje Vasić in 1908, it represents the material remains of a prehistoric society mainly distinguished by its settlement pattern and ritual behaviour. Farming technology first introduced to the region during the First Temperate Neolithic was developed further by the Vinča culture, fuelling a population boom and producing some of the largest settlements in prehistoric Europe. These settlements maintained a high degree of cultural uniformity through the long-distance exchange of ritual items, but were probably not politically unified. Various styles of zoomorphic and anthropomorphic figurines are hallmarks of the culture, as are the Vinča symbols, which some conjecture to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunedoara County
Hunedoara County () is a county ('' județ'') of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Deva. The county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion. Name In Hungarian, it is known as , in German as , and in Slovak as . The county got its name from the city of Hunedoara (), which is the Romanian transliteration of the Hungarian (, archaic: ), old name of the municipality. That most likely originated from the Hungarian verb meaning 'to close' or 'to die', but may also come from wear the name of the Huns, who were headquartered near for a time and were the first to establish solid rule over the land since the Dacians. Demographics In 2011, the county had a population of 396,253 and the population density was 56.1/km2. * Romanians - 93.31% * Hungarians - 4.09% * Romani - 1.9% * Germans (Transylvanian Saxons) - 0.25% Hunedoara's Jiu River Valley is traditionally a coal-mining region, and its high level of industrialisation drew many people from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zsófia Torma
Zsófia Torma (26 September 1832 – 14 November 1899) was a Hungarian archaeologist, anthropologist and paleontologist. Life and work Torma was born in Csicsókeresztúr, Beszterce-Naszód County, Austria-Hungary (today Cristeștii Ciceului, Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania). After her parents died, she moved with her sister to Szászváros, now in Romania, where she began to study the snail farms she found in Hunedoara County. She was mostly self-educated. In 1875, she was encouraged by Flóris Rómer, considered by some to be the father of Hungarian archeology, to begin her own excavations of the ancient settlement of Tordos, along the Mureş river. The symbols and scripts on clay objects she found during an excavation in Hunyad County became an archaeological sensation. She also found artifacts of the 6,000- to 7,000-year-old Tordos culture, some of which were covered with Vinca symbols. According to Gizella,Zsófia Torma was the first to discover the Neolithic cul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformed Church In Romania
The Reformed Church in Romania ( hu, Romániai Református Egyház; ro, Biserica Reformată din România) is the organization of the Calvinist church in Romania. The majority of its followers are of Hungarian ethnicity and Hungarian is the main church language. The large majority of the Church's parishes are in Transylvania; according to the 2002 census, 701,077 people or 3.15% of the total population belong to the Reformed Church. About 95% of the members were of Hungarian ethnicity. The religious institution is composed of two bishoprics, the Reformed Diocese of Királyhágómellék and the Reformed Diocese of Transylvania. The headquarters are at Oradea and Cluj-Napoca, respectively. Together with the Unitarian Church of Transylvania and the two Lutheran churches of Romania (the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Romania and the Evangelical Church of Augustan Confession), the Calvinist community runs the Protestant Theological Institute of Cluj. Doctrine The church adheres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commune In Romania
A commune (''comună'' in Romanian language, Romanian) is the lowest level of administrative subdivision in Romania. There are 2,686 communes in Romania. The commune is the rural subdivision of a Counties of Romania, county. Urban areas, such as towns and cities within a county, are given the status of ''Cities in Romania, city'' or ''Municipality in Romania, municipality''. In principle, a commune can contain any size population, but in practice, when a commune becomes relatively urbanised and exceeds approximately 10,000 residents, it is usually granted city status. Although cities are on the same administrative level as communes, their local governments are structured in a way that gives them more power. Some urban or semi-urban areas of fewer than 10,000 inhabitants have also been given city status. Each commune is administered by a mayor (''primar'' in Romanian). A commune is made up of one or more villages which do not themselves have an administrative function. Communes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia and Sighișoara. It is also the home of some of Romania's List of World Heritage Sites in Romania, UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Villages with fortified churches, the Historic Centre of Sighișoara, the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains and the Rosia Montana Mining Cultural Landsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly Temperate climate, temperate-continental climate, and an area of , with a population of around 19 million. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iași, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. The Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a southeasterly direction for , before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvanian Saxon
The Transylvanian Saxons (german: Siebenbürger Sachsen; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjer Såksen''; ro, Sași ardeleni, sași transilvăneni/transilvani; hu, Erdélyi szászok) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (german: Siebenbürgen) in waves starting from the mid- 12th century until the mid 19th century. The legal foundation of the settlement was laid down in the Diploma Andreanum issued by King Andrew II of Hungary that is known for providing the first territorial autonomy hitherto in the history. The Transylvanian "Saxons" originally came from Flanders, Hainaut, Brabant, Liège, Zeeland, Moselle, Lorraine, and Luxembourg, then situated in the north-western territories of the Holy Roman Empire around the 1140s. After 1918 and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, in the wake of the Treaty of Trianon, Transylvania united with the Kingdom of Romania. Consequently, the Transylvanian Saxons, together with other ethnic German sub-groups in newl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes In Hunedoara County
An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, religious, or spiritual vision, and typically share responsibilities and property. This way of life is sometimes characterized as an "alternative lifestyle". Intentional communities can be seen as social experiments or communal experiments. The multitude of intentional communities includes collective households, cohousing communities, coliving, ecovillages, monasteries, survivalist retreats, kibbutzim, hutterites, ashrams, and housing cooperatives. History Ashrams are likely the earliest intentional communities founded around 1500 BCE, while Buddhist monasteries appeared around 500 BCE. Pythagoras founded an intellectual vegetarian commune in about 525 BCE in southern Italy. Hundreds of modern intentional communities were formed across Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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