Tristromaviridae

	Tristromaviridae ''Tristromaviridae'' is a family of viruses. Archaea Archaea ( ; singular archaeon ) is a domain of single-celled organisms. These microorganisms lack cell nuclei and are therefore prokaryotes. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaeba ... of the genera '' Thermoproteus'' and '' Pyrobaculum'' serve as natural hosts. ''Tristromaviridae'' is the sole family in the order ''Primavirales''. There are two genera and three species in the family. Taxonomy The following genera and species are assigned to the family: * '' Alphatristromavirus'' '' Alphatristromavirus PFV1'' '' Alphatristromavirus PFV2'' * '' Betatristromavirus'' ''Betatristromavirus TTV1'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Tristromaviridae'' are enveloped, with rod-shaped geometries. The diameter is around 38 nm, with a length of 410 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15.9kb in length. The TTV1 virion contains four virus-encoded proteins, TP1- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Lipothrixviridae ''Lipothrixviridae'' is a family of viruses in the order ''Ligamenvirales''. Thermophilic archaea in the phylum Thermoproteota serve as natural hosts. There are 11 species in this family, assigned to 4 genera. The genus Janekovic, D., Wunderl S, Holz I, Zillig W, Gierl A, Neumann H (1983) TTV1, TTV2 and TTV3, a family of viruses of the extremely thermophilic anaerobic, sulphur reducing, archaeabacterium Thermoproteus tenax. Mol. Gen. Genet. 19239–19245 Taxonomy The following genera and species are assigned to the family: * '' Alphalipothrixvirus'' '' Alphalipothrixvirus SBFV2'' '' Alphalipothrixvirus SFV1'' * '' Betalipothrixvirus'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 3'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 6'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 7'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 8'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 9'' '' Sulfolobus islandicus filamentous virus'' * '' Deltalipothrixvirus'' '' Acidianus filamentous virus 2'' '' Deltalipothrixvirus SBFV3'' The f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ligamenvirales ''Ligamenvirales'' is an order of linear viruses that infect archaea of the phylum Thermoproteota (formerly Crenarchaeota) and have double-stranded DNA genomes. The order was proposed by David Prangishvili and Mart Krupovic in 2012 and subsequently created by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). The name is derived from the Latin {{lang, la, ligamen, meaning ''string'' or ''thread''.{{cn, date=November 2022 Taxonomy There are three families in this order – '' Lipothrixviridae'', '' Rudiviridae'' and '' Ungulaviridae''.{{cn, date=November 2022 The virons are filamentous with a helical nucleocapsid. At either end are attached either fibers or more complex structures involved in host adhesion.{{cn, date=November 2022 The major coat proteins of both lipothrixviruses and rudiviruses have an unusual four-helix bundle topology.Goulet A, Blangy S, Redder P, Prangishvili D, Felisberto-Rodrigues C, Forterre P, Campanacci V, Cambillau C (2009) Acidianus filamento ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Family (biology) Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Archaea Archaea ( ; singular archaeon ) is a domain of single-celled organisms. These microorganisms lack cell nuclei and are therefore prokaryotes. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebacteria kingdom), but this term has fallen out of use. Archaeal cells have unique properties separating them from the other two domains, Bacteria and Eukaryota. Archaea are further divided into multiple recognized phyla. Classification is difficult because most have not been isolated in a laboratory and have been detected only by their gene sequences in environmental samples. Archaea and bacteria are generally similar in size and shape, although a few archaea have very different shapes, such as the flat, square cells of '' Haloquadratum walsbyi''. Despite this morphological similarity to bacteria, archaea possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely related to those of eukaryotes, notably for the enzymes invo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Thermoproteus In alpha taxonomy, taxonomy, ''Thermoproteus'' is a genus (biology), genus of the Thermoproteaceae. These prokaryotes are thermophile, thermophilic sulphur-dependent organisms related to the genera ''Sulfolobus'', ''Pyrodictium'' and ''Desulfurococcus''. They are hydrogen-sulphur autotrophic, autotrophs and can grow at temperatures of up to 95 °C. Description and significance ''Thermoproteus'' is a genus of anaerobes that grow in the wild by autotrophic sulfur reduction. Like other hyperthermophiles, ''Thermoproteus'' represents a living example of some of Earth's earliest organisms, located at the base of the Archaea. Genome structure Genetic sequencing of ''Thermoproteus'' has revealed much about the organism's modes of metabolism. Total genome length is 1.84 Mbp, and the DNA is double-stranded and circular. Genes are arranged in co-transcribed clusters called operons. The ''Thermoproteus tenax'' genome has been completely sequenced. Phylogeny Cell structure and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Pyrobaculum ''Pyrobaculum'' is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae. Description and significance As its Latin name ''Pyrobaculum'' (the "fire stick") suggests, the archaeon is rod-shaped and isolated from locations with high temperatures. It is Gram-negative and its cells are surrounded by an S-layer of protein subunits. ''P. aerophilum'' is a hyperthermophilic and metabolically versatile organism. Different from other hyperthermophiles, it can live in the presence of oxygen and grows efficiently in microaerobic conditions. ''Pyrobaculum yellowstonensis'' strain WP30 was obtained from an elemental sulfur sediment (Joseph's Coat Hot Spring CHS 80 °C, pH 6.1, 135 μM As) in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), USA and is a chemoorganoheterotroph and requires elemental sulfur and/or arsenate as an electron acceptor. Growth in the presence of elemental sulfur and arsenate resulted in the formation of thioarsenates and polysulfides. The complete genome of this organism was sequenced (1.99 Mb, 5 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Rudiviridae ''Rudiviridae'' is a family of viruses with linear double stranded DNA genomes that infect archaea. The viruses of this family are highly thermostable and can act as a template for site-selective and spatially controlled chemical modification. Furthermore, the two strands of the DNA are covalently linked at both ends of the genomes, which have long inverted terminal repeats. These inverted repeat An inverted repeat (or IR) is a single stranded sequence of nucleotides followed downstream by its complementarity (molecular biology), reverse complement. The intervening sequence of nucleotides between the initial sequence and the reverse compleme ...s are an adaptation to stabilize the genome in these extreme environments. Taxonomy The following genera are assigned to the family: * '' Azorudivirus'' * '' Hoswirudivirus'' * '' Icerudivirus'' * '' Itarudivirus'' * '' Japarudivirus'' * '' Mexirudivirus'' * '' Usarudivirus'' References {{Reflist Virus families ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]