|
Tobaniviridae
''Tobaniviridae'' is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order '' Nidovirales'' which infect vertebrates. Host organisms include mammals, fish, and snakes. The genome size of tobaniviruses ranges from 20 to 32 kilobases. The family is the only member of the suborder ''Tornidovirineae''. Taxonomy The family ''Tobaniviridae'' has four subfamilies and eight genera: *'' Piscanivirinae'' **'' Bafinivirus'' **'' Oncotshavirus'' *'' Remotovirinae'' **'' Bostovirus'' *'' Serpentovirinae'' **'' Infratovirus'' **'' Pregotovirus'' **'' Sectovirus'' **'' Tiruvirus'' *'' Torovirinae'' **''Torovirus ''Torovirus'' is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order '' Nidovirales'' and family '' Tobaniviridae''. They primarily infect vertebrates, especially cattle, pigs, and horses. Diseases associated with this genus include ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q57751125, from2=Q57743989 Virus families Nidovirales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torovirus
''Torovirus'' is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order '' Nidovirales'' and family '' Tobaniviridae''. They primarily infect vertebrates, especially cattle, pigs, and horses. Diseases associated with this genus include gastroenteritis, which commonly presents in mammals. ''Torovirus'' is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily ''Torovirinae''. ''Torovirus'' is also a monotypic taxon, containing only one subgenus, ''Renitovirus''. The discovery of the first torovirus can be traced back to 1970s. Equine torovirus (EToV) was accidentally found in the rectal sample from a horse who was experiencing severe diarrhea. The 'Breda' bovine torovirus was later found in 1979 while investigation in a dairy farm in Breda. They had several calves experiencing severe diarrhea for months. In 1984, torovirus-like particles were detected with electron microscope (EM) technique in the human patients with gastroenteritis.Cho, K. O., & Hoet, A. E. (2014). Toroviruses (Coro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torovirinae
''Torovirus'' is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order ''Nidovirales'' and family ''Tobaniviridae''. They primarily infect vertebrates, especially cattle, pigs, and horses. Diseases associated with this genus include gastroenteritis, which commonly presents in mammals. ''Torovirus'' is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily ''Torovirinae''. ''Torovirus'' is also a monotypic taxon, containing only one subgenus, ''Renitovirus''. The discovery of the first torovirus can be traced back to 1970s. Equine torovirus (EToV) was accidentally found in the rectal sample from a horse who was experiencing severe diarrhea. The 'Breda' bovine torovirus was later found in 1979 while investigation in a dairy farm in Breda. They had several calves experiencing severe diarrhea for months. In 1984, torovirus-like particles were detected with electron microscope (EM) technique in the human patients with gastroenteritis.Cho, K. O., & Hoet, A. E. (2014). Toroviruses (Coronav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torovirus
''Torovirus'' is a genus of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order '' Nidovirales'' and family '' Tobaniviridae''. They primarily infect vertebrates, especially cattle, pigs, and horses. Diseases associated with this genus include gastroenteritis, which commonly presents in mammals. ''Torovirus'' is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily ''Torovirinae''. ''Torovirus'' is also a monotypic taxon, containing only one subgenus, ''Renitovirus''. The discovery of the first torovirus can be traced back to 1970s. Equine torovirus (EToV) was accidentally found in the rectal sample from a horse who was experiencing severe diarrhea. The 'Breda' bovine torovirus was later found in 1979 while investigation in a dairy farm in Breda. They had several calves experiencing severe diarrhea for months. In 1984, torovirus-like particles were detected with electron microscope (EM) technique in the human patients with gastroenteritis.Cho, K. O., & Hoet, A. E. (2014). Toroviruses (Coro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piscanivirinae
''Piscanivirinae'' is a virus subfamily of the family ''Tobaniviridae'' within the order ''Nidovirales'' which comprises different fish viruses. The virions have a viral envelope and a Positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome which is linear and unsegmented. The subfamily is hitherto bigeneric with the two genera ''Bafinivirus'' and ''Oncotshavirus''. Both genera comprise rod shaped (bacilliform) viruses with relatively large genoms like they mostly occur in the nidoviruses. Occasionally, also strongly Pleomorphism (microbiology), pleomorphic (e.g. spheric) virions were observed. The name is a siglum typical for virus taxonomy which here supposedly refers to the host animals fishes (Latin language, Latin ''pisces''), the host species ''Blicca bjoerkna, Blicca bjoerkna'' of the virus species ''White bream virus'', and the overarching order of the nidoviruses. Taxonomy The subfamily contains the following genera, subgenera, and species: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nidovirales
''Nidovirales'' is an order of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect vertebrates and invertebrates. Host organisms include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, arthropods, molluscs, and helminths. The order includes the families ''Coronaviridae'', ''Arteriviridae, Roniviridae,'' and ''Mesoniviridae''. Member viruses have a viral envelope and a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome which is capped and polyadenylated. Nidoviruses are named for the Latin ''nidus'', meaning nest, as all viruses in this order produce a 3' co-terminal nested set of subgenomic mRNAs during infection. Virology Structure Nidoviruses have a viral envelope and a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome which is capped and polyadenylated. The group expresses structural proteins separately from the nonstructural ones. The structural proteins are encoded at the 3’ region of the genome and are expressed from a set of subgenomic mRNAs. Member viruses encode one main protei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electron Micrograph
A micrograph or photomicrograph is a photograph or digital image taken through a microscope or similar device to show a magnified image of an object. This is opposed to a macrograph or photomacrograph, an image which is also taken on a microscope but is only slightly magnified, usually less than 10 times. Micrography is the practice or art of using microscopes to make photographs. A micrograph contains extensive details of microstructure. A wealth of information can be obtained from a simple micrograph like behavior of the material under different conditions, the phases found in the system, failure analysis, grain size estimation, elemental analysis and so on. Micrographs are widely used in all fields of microscopy. Types Photomicrograph A light micrograph or photomicrograph is a micrograph prepared using an optical microscope, a process referred to as ''photomicroscopy''. At a basic level, photomicroscopy may be performed simply by connecting a camera to a microscope, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
