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Tizona
''Tizona'' (also ''Tizón'') is the name of one of the swords carried by Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, El Cid, according to the '' Cantar de Mio Cid''. The name of the second sword of El Cid is ''Colada''. A sword identified as ''Tizona'' was given by Ferdinand II of Aragon to Pedro de Peralta, count of Santisteban de Lerín in c. 1470. This sword was long kept in Marcilla Castle, later in the Army Museum in Madrid and since 2007 in the Museo de Burgos. Name The name used in the '' Cantar de Mio Cid'' is ''Tizón''. The form ''Tizona'' has been in use since the late medieval period (14th century). The blade inscription on the Marcilla sword, presumably of the 13th or 14th century, has the form ''TIZONA''. The older form of the name, '' tizón'', is a word for "firebrand" (''leño encendido'', from Latin '' titionem''). Sebastián de Covarrubias (1611) recognizes this as the plausible origin of the name ''Tizona'', but also adduces possible derivation from τυχωνα, the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colada
Colada is one of the two best-known swords, along with Tizona, of El Cid Campeador. Won in combat from the Count of Barcelona, the sword was presented (along with Tizona) to his sons in law. According to the heroic verses of the Cantar de mio Cid, after his sons-in-law beat his daughters and then abandoned them on the side of the road, El Cid asked for his gifts to be returned. Afterward, he bestowed the sword upon one of his knights, Martín Antolínez. Though its authenticity is doubted, a blade named ''Colada'' and traditionally identified with that of El Cid, with the addition of a 16th-century hilt, is preserved in the Royal Palace of Madrid. It is necessary to add that El Cid's sword is displayed in the Museum as the "Tizona" Sword, the name Colada could have easily been appointed by popular culture since Bards at the time shared stories of folklorical nature which were far from being based on historical facts. According to Sebastián de Covarrubias,Sebastián de Covarr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marquis Of Falces
Marquis of Falces (''marqués de Falces'') is a Navarrese title of nobility created in 1513 for the counts of Santisteban de Lerín. *Alonso Carrillo de Peralta 1st Marquis of Falces, son (grandson?) of Pedro de Peralta y Ezpeleta, *Antonio Carrillo de Peralta y de Velasco, 2nd Marquis of Falces (d. 1545) *Gastón de Peralta, 3rd Marquis of Falces (d. 1587) *Antonio Peralta y Velasco, 4th Marquis of Falces (d. 1596) *Ana María Carrillo de Peralta y Velasco, V marquesa de Falces, condesa de Santisteban de Lerín (d. 1640) *Diego Felix de Peralta y Croÿ, VI marqués de Falces (1618–1682) *José Martín de Peralta y Velasco, VII marqués de Falces, conde de Santisteban de Lerín * 1670 *Rosa María de Santa Isabel de Peralta y Velasco, VIII marquesa de Falces, condesa de Santisteban de Lerín * c. 1673 *María Teresa de Castejón Peralta y Velasco, IX marquesa de Falces, condesa de Santisteban de Lerín y de Agramonte * 1694 *Manuel de Montalvo y Hurtado de Amezaga, marqués ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Cid
Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (c. 1043 – 10 July 1099) was a Castilian knight and warlord in medieval Spain. Fighting with both Christian and Muslim armies during his lifetime, he earned the Arabic honorific ''al-sīd'', which would evolve into El Cid ("the lord"), and the Spanish moniker El Campeador ("the valiant"). He was born in Vivar, a village near the city of Burgos. As the head of his loyal knights, he came to dominate the Levante of the Iberian Peninsula at the end of the 11th century. He reclaimed the Taifa of Valencia from Moorish control for a brief period during the ''Reconquista'', ruling the principality as its Prince () from 17 June 1094 until his death in 1099. His wife, Jimena Díaz, inherited the city and maintained it until 1102 when it was reconquered by the Moors. Díaz de Vivar became well known for his service in the armies of both Christian and Muslim rulers. After his death, El Cid became Spain's celebrated national hero and the protagonist of the most si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcilla Castle
Marcilla ( eu, Martzilla) is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. Its population was at 2,821 inhabitants as of 2016. Marcilla castle was built by Pedro de Peralta y Ezpeleta, father of Pedro de Peralta y Ezpeleta, in the 15th century. It was the seat of the marquises of Falces for some four centuries, who here kept ''Tizona '', the reputed sword of El Cid (now in Museo de Burgos). The castle was restored during 2009–2012. Notable people * David Malo Azagra David Malo Azagra (born 21 August 1980 in Marcilla, Navarre) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a right back In the sport of association football, a defender is an outfield position whose primary role is to stop atta ..., retired footballer References External links MARCILLA in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa) Marcilla at Google.maps Municipalities in Navarre {{navar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espada Tizona
__NOTOC__ Espada or espadas may refer to: *A sword, especially the Spanish ''espada ropera'' *Lamborghini Espada, an Italian car produced between 1968 and 1978 * USS ''Espada'' (SS-355), American submarine whose construction was cancelled * The Portuguese name for a black scabbardfish Entertainment *''Espadas'', one of the four suits of Spanish playing cards *Espada, a character in ''Don Quixote'' (ballet) *Espada (Bleach), a faction of characters in the anime series ''Bleach'' *Granado Espada, Korean fantasy video game Espada was a tribe on Survivor: Nicaragua Geology *Espada Formation, rock formation in California *Espadas Peak, mountain on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees *Serra d'Espadà, mountain range in Castellón, Spain People *Ángel Espada (born 1948), Puerto Rican boxer *Edu Espada (born 1981), Spanish footballer *Frank Espada (1930 – 2014), American photojournalist and activist * Guty Espadas (born 1954), Mexican boxer *Guty Espadas Jr. (born 1974), Mexican boxer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf Ibn Tashfin
Yusuf ibn Tashfin, also Tashafin, Teshufin, ( ar, يوسف بن تاشفين ناصر الدين بن تالاكاكين الصنهاجي , Yūsuf ibn Tāshfīn Naṣr al-Dīn ibn Tālākakīn al-Ṣanhājī ; reigned c. 1061 – 1106) was leader of the Berber Almoravid empire. He co-founded the city of Marrakesh and led the Muslim forces in the Battle of Sagrajas. Yusuf ibn Tashfin came to Al-Andalus from the Maghreb to help the Muslims fight against Alfonso VI, eventually achieving victory in Sagrajas and promoting an Islamic system in the region. In 1061 he took the title “Amir al-Muslimeen” recognising the suzerainty of the Abbasid Caliphate. He was married to Zaynab an-Nafzawiyyah, whom he reportedly trusted politically. Succession to power Yusuf ibn Tashfin was a Berber from the Banu Turgut, a branch of the Lamtuna, a Tuareg tribe belonging to the Sanhaja group. The Sanhaja were linked by medieval Muslim genealogists with the Yemeni tribe of Himyar through semi-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valencia
Valencia ( va, València) is the capital of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Valencian Community, Valencia and the Municipalities of Spain, third-most populated municipality in Spain, with 791,413 inhabitants. It is also the capital of the Province of Valencia, province of the same name. The wider urban area also comprising the neighbouring municipalities has a population of around 1.6 million, constituting one of the List of coastal settlements of the Mediterranean Sea, major urban areas on the European side of the Mediterranean Sea. It is located on the banks of the Turia (river), Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, at the Gulf of Valencia, north of the Albufera lagoon. Valencia was founded as a Roman Republic, Roman colony in 138 BC. Al-Andalus, Islamic rule and acculturation ensued in the 8th century, together with the introduction of new irrigation systems and crops. Crown of Aragon, Aragonese Christian conquest took place in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carrión De Los Condes
Carrión de los Condes () is a municipality in the province of Palencia, part of the Autonomous Community of Castile and León, Spain. It is 40 kilometers from Palencia, on the French Way of the Way of Saint James. History Carrión de los Condes was taken from the Moors by Alonso Carreño around 791–842. Don Carreño took the name Carrión at this time. Carrión de los Condes was the home of Diego and Fernán González, fictitious sons-in-law of El Cid in the poem '' El Cantar de Mio Cid'' (English: The Song of My Cid). In 1072, after losing the nearby Battle of Golpejera, Alfonso VI of León took refuge in Carrion's Church of Santa María de las Victorias, (or Santa Maria del Camino.) Alfonso ultimately chose exile, where he sought refuge in Toledo, which was then in Moorish hands.Gitlitz & Davidson, The Pilgrimage Road to Santiago: The Complete Cultural Handbook, 2000, St Martin's Press, In 1209, Hospital de la Herrada was established by Gonzalo Rodríguez Girón, a P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Pedro De Cardeña
Castrillo del Val is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is in the valley of the River Arlanzón A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate .... According to the 2004 census (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain), INE), the municipality had a population of 515 inhabitants. Main sights * Abbey of San Pedro de Cardeña (9th-17th century) This abbey was the burial place of El Cid, the 11th century warrior, his wife Jimena Díaz and, supposedly, his horse Babieca. The remains were removed during the Napoleonic Wars when occupying troops ransacked tombs looking for treasure. El Cid and his wife were reburied in Burgos. During the Spanish Civil War the monastery was used as a concentration camp. Since the 1940s the abbey has belon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Milling
Chemical milling or industrial etching is the subtractive manufacturing process of using baths of temperature-regulated etching chemicals to remove material to create an object with the desired shape. Other names for chemical etching include photo etching, chemical etching, photo chemical etching and photochemical machining. It is mostly used on metals, though other materials are increasingly important. It was developed from armor-decorating and printing etching processes developed during the Renaissance as alternatives to engraving on metal. The process essentially involves bathing the cutting areas in a corrosive chemical known as an etchant, which reacts with the material in the area to be cut and causes the solid material to be dissolved; inert substances known as maskants are used to protect specific areas of the material as resists. History Organic chemicals such as lactic acid and citric acid have been used to etch metals and create products as early as 400 BCE, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oakeshott Typology
The Oakeshott typology is a way to define and catalogue the medieval sword based on physical form. It categorises the swords of the European Middle Ages (roughly 11th to 16th centuries) into 13 main types, labelled X through XXII. The historian and illustrator Ewart Oakeshott introduced it in his 1960 treatise ''The Archaeology of Weapons: Arms and Armour from Prehistory to the Age of Chivalry''. The system is a continuation of Jan Petersen's typology of the Viking sword, which Petersen introduced in ''De Norske Vikingsverd'' ("The Norwegian Viking Swords") in 1919. In 1927 the system was simplified by R. E. M. Wheeler to only seven types, labelled I through VII. Oakeshott slightly expanded the system with two transitional types, VIII and IX, and then he started work on his own typology. Among the many reasons for his typology, Oakeshott found date classification unreliable during his research. He wrote that the weapons' dates of manufacture, use, and retirement have been greatl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Monarchs
The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon, whose marriage and joint rule marked the ''de facto'' unification of Spain. They were both from the House of Trastámara and were second cousins, being both descended from John I of Castile; to remove the obstacle that this consanguinity would otherwise have posed to their marriage under canon law, they were given a papal dispensation by Sixtus IV. They married on October 19, 1469, in the city of Valladolid; Isabella was eighteen years old and Ferdinand a year younger. It is generally accepted by most scholars that the unification of Spain can essentially be traced back to the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella. Spain was formed as a dynastic union of two crowns rather than a unitary state, as Castile and Aragon remained separate kingdoms until the Nueva Planta decrees of 1707–16. The court of Ferdinand and Isabella was constantly on the move, in order to bolster local support for the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
