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Timurid Invasion Of Simsir
The Timurid invasion of Simsim happened in the 14th century when the Timurid Empire invaded Simsim, an ally of the Golden Horde. As a result, Simsim was devastated which led to the collapse of the state; a large part of the population was killed and many shrines and temples were destroyed. Background In 14 April 1395, the forces of the Golden Horde under Tokhtamysh and the Timurid Empire under Timur met on the opposite sides of the Terek River in the Battle of the Terek River. Both armies counted around 300,000 men. The native North Caucasians participated on the side of Tokhtamysh. The Timurids won over the Golden Horde and Tokhtamysh's army was dispersed. Pursuing Tokhtamysh, Timur annihilated and robbed as he passed through Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' and Crimea. Having returned to North Caucasus, he carried out a massacre of the local people. Invasion After the destruction of the Kapchigai Fortress, Timur returned to the , his headquarters. There he let his army rest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokhtamysh–Timur War
The Tokhtamysh–Timur war was fought from 1386 to 1395 between Tokhtamysh, khan of the Golden Horde, and the warlord and conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire, in the areas of the Caucasus mountains, Turkistan and Eastern Europe. The battle between the two Mongol rulers played a key role in the decline of the Mongol power over early Rus' principalities. Background In the late 1370s and early 1380s, Timur helped Tokhtamysh assume supreme power in the White Horde against Tokhtamysh's uncle Urus Khan. After this Tokhtamysh united the White and Blue Hordes, reuniting the Golden Horde, and launched a massive military punitive campaign against the Russian principalities between 1381 and 1382, restoring Turco-Mongol (Tatar) power in Russia after the defeat in the Battle of Kulikovo. The Golden Horde, after a period of anarchy between the early 1360s and late 1370s, briefly reestablished itself as a dominant regional power, defeating Lithuania around 1383. But Tokhtamysh had t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Razzaq Samarqandi
Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī ( fa, کمالالدین عبدالرزاق بن اسحاق سمرقندی, ''Kamal-ud-Din Abd-ur-Razzaq ibn Ishaq Samarqandi''; 1413–1482) was a Persian Timurid chronicler and Islamic scholar. He was for a while the ambassador of Shah Rukh, the Timurid dynasty ruler of Persia. In his role as ambassador he visited Kozhikode in western India in the early 1440s. He wrote a narrative of what he saw in Calicut which is valuable as information on Calicut's society and culture. He is also the producer of a lengthy narrative or chronicle of the history of the Timurid dynasty and its predecessors in Central Asia, but this is not so valuable because it is mostly a compilation of material from earlier written sources that are mostly available from elsewhere in the earlier form. Early life Abd-al-Razzāq was born in Herat on 7 November 1413. His father Jalal-ud-Din Ishaq was the qazi and imam of the Shah Rukh's court in Herat. He studied with his father and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Chechnya
The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria. Chechen society has traditionally been organized around many autonomous local clans, called taips. The traditional Chechen saying goes that the members of Chechen society, like its taips, are (ideally) "free and equal like wolves". Amjad Jaimoukha notes in his book ''The Chechens'' that sadly, "Vainakh history is perhaps the most poorly studied of the peoples of the North Caucasus. Much research effort was expended upon the Russo-Circassian war, most of it being falsified at that."Jaimoukha. ''Chechens''. Page 23-28. There was once a library of Chechen history scripts, written in Chechen (and possibly some in Georgian) using Arabic and Georgian script; however, it was destroyed by Stalin and wiped from the record (see - 1944 Deportation; Aardakh). Prehistoric and archeological finds The first known settlement of what is now Chechnya is thought to have occurred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechen State University
Chechen State University (Russian: Чеченский государственный университет) is a university located in Grozny, Chechnya, Russia. The school is home to the North Caucasian Centre of Pedagogics. The university traces its roots back to 1938. History Soviet period Chechen State University, formerly Grozney University, saw a surge of development between 1970 and 1980. Botanical gardens were built in the mountainous areas of the Chechen Republic. Technologies developed at the university were used in aviation design for Tupolev, and many of the university's scientific discoveries were displayed at the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition of the USSR and at international exhibitions. Regional scientific conferences were held on campus, including the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition. After the Chechen War Military activity in the Chechen Republic during the Second Chechen War interrupted the development of Grozny University and destroyed several building ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grozny
Grozny ( rus, Грозный, p=ˈgroznɨj; ce, Соьлжа-ГӀала, translit=Sölƶa-Ġala), also spelled Groznyy, is the capital city of Chechnya, Russia. The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 271,573 — up from 210,720 recorded in the 2002 census, but still only about two-thirds of 399,688 recorded in the 1989 census. It was previously known as (until 1870). Names In Russian, "Grozny" means "fearsome", "menacing", or "redoubtable", the same word as in Ivan Grozny ( Ivan the Terrible). While the official name in Chechen is the same, informally the city is known as "" (""), which literally means "the city () on the Sunzha River ()". In 1996, during the First Chechen War, the Chechen separatists renamed the city Dzhokhar-Ghala ( ce, Джовхар-ГӀала, Dƶovxar-Ġala), literally Dzhokhar City, or Dzhokhar/Djohar for short, after Dzhokhar Dudayev, the first president of the Chechen Republic of Ichker ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kisten Ridge
Kisten Ridge — one of the mountain ranges of the Greater Caucasus (separated from the main ridge at Mount Barbalo), located in the northeastern part of it, along the left bank of the Andy Koisu River. It forms the watershed of the basin of this river with the rivers of the Sunzha River basin (generally speaking, the Terek-Sulak watershed). From the slopes of the river flow Aksay, Aktash. The length of the ridge is approximately 60 km, the maximum height is 2736 m. It is composed mainly of limestone of the Cretaceous period. Mountain meadow landscapes are widespread on tops, mountain-forest landscapes on northern slopes, and bush-steppe shrubs on southern ones (much steeper). Along the ridge passes the border between Chechnya and Dagestan in their mountainous part. References External links * Андийский хребет // Большая советская энциклопедия : 30 т.nbsp;/ гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. — 3-е ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nozhay-Yurtovsky District
Nozhay-Yurtovsky District (russian: Ножа́й-Ю́ртовский райо́н; ce, Нажи-Йуьртан кӀошт, ''Naƶi-Yürtan khoşt'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #11-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality (a '' selo'') of Nozhay-Yurt Nozhay-Yurt (russian: Ножай-Юрт; ce, Нажи-Йурт, ''Naƶi-Yurt'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') and the administrative center of Nozhay-Yurtovsky District of the Chechen Republic, Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian .... Population: 40,542 ( 2002 Census); The population of Nozhay-Yurt accounts for 13.6% of the district's total population. Healthcare Overall health performance indicators of the district are much worse than officially reflected, considering the remote geographic location of the district and that most of its popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vedensky District
Vedensky District (russian: Веде́нский райо́н; ce, Веданан кӏошт, ''Vedanan khoşt'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #14-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality (a '' selo'') of Vedeno. Population: 23,390 ( 2002 Census); The population of Vedeno accounts for 8.7% of the district's total population. Healthcare Severe health problems in the district are interlinked with the critical socio-economic situation in the region. As of 2005, access to district health services remains a problem due to the presence of federal and Chechen law enforcement and on-going military activities in the area. In 1999, it was reported that the influx of refugees to the district led to the rise of the population in the area from 30,000 before fighting began to about 90,000 according to reports from Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itum-Kalinsky District
Itum-Kalinsky District (russian: Итум-Калинский райо́н; ce, Итон-Кхаьллан кӏошт, ''Iton-Qällan khoşt'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #46-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ... (a '' selo'') of Itum-Kale (Itum-Kali). Population: 6,083 ( 2002 Census). The population of Itum-Kale accounts for 19.5% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * {{coord, 42, 44, 06, N, 45, 34, 37, E, region:GE_type:adm3rd_source:kolossus-itwiki, display=title Districts of Chechnya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shatoysky District
Shatoysky District (russian: Шатойский райо́н; ce, Шуьйтан кӏошта, ''Şüytan khoşta'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #41-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia.It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ... (a '' selo'') of Shatoy. Population: 13,155 ( 2002 Census). The population of Shatoy accounts for 17.6% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * {{coord, 42, 52, 18, N, 45, 41, 57, E, region:GE_type:adm3rd_source:kolossus-itwiki, display=title Districts of Chechnya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galanchozhsky District
Galanchozhsky District ( ce, Галайн-ЧӀажин кӀошт), (russian: Галанчожский район) is a district (raion) of Chechnya. The district was recreated in 2012. However, the official restoration process of the district is not complete. The district also existed between 1925 and 1944. The administrative center is the village of Aka-Bass ( ce, Акха-Басс). Location Galanchozhsky District is located in the south-west of Chechnya. It shares borders with Achkhoy-Martanovsky District in the north, Urus-Martanovsky District in the north-east, Shatoysky District in the east, Itum-Kalinsky District in the south-east, Georgia (country), Georgia to the south, and Ingushetia to the west. History In 1925, Galanchozhsky District was first formed, as a part of the Chechen Autonomous Oblast, where it existed until 1929. It was restored in 1935, as a part of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Chechen-Ingush ASSR. On 23 February 1944, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galashki
Galashki (russian: Галашки; inh, Галашкe, ''Galaške'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on the left bank of the Sunzha River near the border with the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania. Its population was about 9,000 people in 2009. It was a site of two raids by Chechen separatists during the Second Chechen War, the Galashki ambush in 2000 (from Chechnya) and the Battle of Galashki in 2002 (from Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...). Rural localities in Ingushetia {{Ingushetia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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