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Theinkhathu Saw Hnaung
, image = , caption = , reign = 1360s – 1390s , coronation = , succession = Governor of Sagu , predecessor = , successor = Theinkhathu II of Sagu , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = King , regent = Swa Saw Ke , spouse = Saw Myat , issue = Theinkhathu II , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pinya , father = Thihapate I of Taungdwin , mother = Saw Pale of Pinya , birth_date = 1320s , birth_place = Taungdwin , death_date = in or after 1393 , death_place = , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Theinkhathu Saw Hnaung ( my, သိင်္ခသူ စောနှောင်း, ) was governor of Sagu in the Kingdom of Av ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swa Saw Ke
Mingyi Swa Saw Ke ( my, မင်းကြီး စွာစော်ကဲ, ; also spelled စွာစောကဲ, Minkyiswasawke or Swasawke; 1330–1400) was king of Ava from 1367 to 1400. He reestablished central authority in Upper Myanmar (Burma) for the first time since the fall of the Pagan Empire in the 1280s. He essentially founded the Ava Kingdom that would dominate Upper Burma for the next two centuries. When he was elected by the ministers to succeed King Thado Minbya, Swa took over a small kingdom barely three years old, and one that still faced several external and internal threats. In the north, he successfully fought off the Maw raids into Upper Burma, a longstanding problem since the waning days of Sagaing and Pinya kingdoms. He maintained friendly relations with Lan Na in the east, and Arakan in the west, placing his nominees on the Arakense throne between 1373 and 1385. In the south, he brought semi-independent kingdoms of Toungoo (Taungoo) and Prome (Py ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thilawa Of Yamethin
, image = , caption = , reign = 1351 – 1395/96 , coronation = , succession = Governor of Yamethin , predecessor = Swa Saw Ke , successor = Maha Pyauk , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = King , regent = Kyawswa II (1351–59) Narathu (1359–64) Uzana II (1364) Thado Minbya (1364–67) Swa Saw Ke (1367–95) , spouse = Saw Pale , issue = Min Hla Myat unnamed daughter , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pinya , father = , mother = , birth_date = 1330 , birth_place = , death_date = 1395/96 757 ME , death_place = Yamethin , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Thilawa ( my, သီလဝ, ; d. 1395/96) was gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ava Kingdom
The Kingdom of Ava ( my, အင်းဝခေတ်, ) was the dominant kingdom that ruled upper Burma (Myanmar) from 1364 to 1555. Founded in 1365, the kingdom was the successor state to the petty kingdoms of Myinsaing, Pinya and Sagaing that had ruled central Burma since the collapse of the Pagan Empire in the late 13th century. Like the small kingdoms that preceded it, Ava may have been led by Bamarised Shan kings who claimed descent from the kings of Pagan.Htin Aung 1967: 84–103Phayre 1883: 63–75 Scholars debate that the Shan ethnicity of Avan kings comes from mistranslation, particularly from a record of the Avan kings' ancestors ruling a Shan village in central Burma prior to their rise or prominence.Aung-Thwin 2010: 881–901 History The kingdom was founded by Thado Minbya in 1364Coedès 1968: 227 following the collapse of the Sagaing and Pinya Kingdoms due to raids by the Shan States to the north. In its first years of existence, Ava, which viewed itself ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarpay Beikman
Sarpay Beikman ( my, စာပေဗိမာန်; ) originated as the Burmese Translation Society. Its first President was Prime Minister U Nu, who started a Burmese translation job at Judson College (now University of Yangon). The purpose was to translate world culture, literature, education for the Burmese public. In 1963, the society was absorbed into the Ministry of Information's Printing and Publishing Enterprise as the Sarpay Beikman Literature House, and the mandate was extended to encourage local writers and to print and publish books of all types. The society presents the annual Sarpay Beikman Manuscript Awards and Burma National Literature Awards for excellent new unpublished and published writing in various categories. Early years After independence the Burmese Translation Society decided that independent Burma need a Burmese Encyclopedia and began the project to compile one in May 1948. Initially, they wanted to translate Sir John Hamilton's encyclopedia into 10 vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yazawin Thit
''Maha Yazawin Thit'' ( my, မဟာ ရာဇဝင် သစ်, ; ; also known as ''Myanmar Yazawin Thit'' or ''Yazawin Thit'') is a national chronicle of Burma (Myanmar). Completed in 1798, the chronicle was the first attempt by the Konbaung court to update and check the accuracy of ''Maha Yazawin'', the standard chronicle of the previous Toungoo Dynasty. Its author Twinthin Taikwun Maha Sithu consulted several existing written sources, and over 600 stone inscriptions collected from around the kingdom between 1783 and 1793.Thaw Kaung 2010: 44–49 It is the first historical document in Southeast Asia compiled in consultation with epigraphic evidence.Woolf 2011: 416 The chronicle updates the events up to 1785, and contains several corrections and critiques of earlier chronicles. However, the chronicle was not well received, and ultimately rejected by the king and the court who found the critiques of earlier chronicles excessively harsh.Thaw Kaung 2010: 50–51 It became kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maha Yazawin
The ''Maha Yazawin'', fully the ''Maha Yazawindawgyi'' ( my, မဟာ ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး, ) and formerly romanized as the ,. is the first national chronicle of Burma/Myanmar. Completed in 1724 by U Kala, a historian at the Toungoo court, it was the first chronicle to synthesize all the ancient, regional, foreign and biographic histories related to Burmese history. Prior to the chronicle, the only known Burmese histories were biographies and comparatively brief local chronicles. The chronicle has formed the basis for all subsequent histories of the country, including the earliest English language histories of Burma written in the late 19th century.Myint-U 2001: 80Lieberman 1986: 236 The chronicle starts with the beginning of the current world cycle according to Buddhist tradition and the Buddhist version of ancient Indian history, and proceeds "with ever increasing detail to narrate the political story of the Irrawaddy basin from quasi-legendary dynastie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theinkha Bo
Theinkha Bo ( my, သိင်္ခဗိုလ်, ) was the father of kings Athinkhaya, Yazathingyan and Thihathu of Myinsaing, the dynasty that replaced the Pagan Dynasty in 1297.Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 254 His descendants founded the kingdoms that succeeded Pagan: Myinsaing, Pinya, Sagaing and Ava. According to the Burmese chronicles, Theinkha Bo was born in Binnaka to the ''sawbwa (saopha)'' (chief) of the town. Some time after his elder brother succeeded the chieftainship, he and his brother quarreled, forcing Theinkha Bo to leave town. He eventually settled at Myinsaing, a small town located in present-day Kyaukse District, and married a woman from a wealthy family there in 1260. The couple had four children. His three sons served in the Pagan army, and became commanders that King Narathihapate relied on. His youngest child married a son of the king. Although the chronicles do not mention his ethnicity, British colonial era historians assumed that he was of Shan ethn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yadanabon Of Pinya
Yadanabon ( my, ရတနာပုံ, ) was one of the two queens consort of King Thihathu of Pinya. She was also the mother of kings Saw Yun and Tarabya I of Sagaing. The queen was a commoner from a small village called Linyin, located somewhere in the north. She may have been an ethnic Shan.The chronicles (Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 371–372) do not mention her ethnicity, stating only that she was from the north. But British colonial scholarship calls her an ethnic Shan (and indeed Thihathu and his brothers full Shans): See (Phayre 1967: 59–60) and (Harvey 1925: 75–81), for example. In 1298, she was a widow with a 1-year-old child travelling south when she met Thihathu, who was on a hunting trip. Thihathu, who had just founded the Myinsaing Kingdom with his two elder brothers, took her as a concubine. She gave birth to his first male child, Saw Yun, a year later. She remained a concubine until after she gave birth to a daughter, Saw Pale. She was raised to be the Queen of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thihapate I Of Taungdwin
Pwint-Hla-Oo Thihapate ( my, ပွင့်လှဦး သီဟပတေ့, ) was governor of Taungdwin from the 1310s to . He was the father of Ava-period general Theinkhathu Saw Hnaung, and a great-grandfather of Queen Shin Bo-Me of Ava. Brief According to the royal chronicles, Thihapate was governor of Taungdwin in 1317/18(Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 260): Six years after the founding of Pinya, Gov. Thawun Nge of Toungoo did not send tribute -- i.e. 1317/18. According to (Sein Lwin Lay 2006: 19–20), Thawun Nge assassinated Gov. Thawun Gyi , and seized the governorship of Toungoo. when nearby Toungoo (Taungoo) revolted. It was during the Toungoo rebellion that King Thihathu of Pinya wedded Thihapate to his daughter Saw Pale to retain Thihapate's support.The 1724 chronicle ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 261) says Thihathu wedded Saw Pale and Thihapate of Taungdwin to retain Taungdwin's support. The 1798 ''Yazawin Thit'' (Yazawin Thit Vol 1 2012: 163) says Saw Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hmannan Yazawin
''Hmannan Maha Yazawindawgyi'' ( my, မှန်နန်း မဟာ ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး, ; commonly, ''Hmannan Yazawin''; known in English as the '' Glass Palace Chronicle'') is the first official chronicle of Konbaung Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). It was compiled by the Royal Historical Commission between 1829 and 1832.Hla Pe 1985: 39–40 The compilation was based on several existing chronicles and local histories, and the inscriptions collected on the orders of King Bodawpaya, as well as several types of poetry describing epics of kings. Although the compilers disputed some of the earlier accounts, they by and large retained the accounts given ''Maha Yazawin'', the standard chronicle of Toungoo Dynasty. The chronicle, which covers events right up to 1821, right before the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826), was not written purely from a secular history perspective but rather to provide "legitimation according to religious criteria" of the monarchy. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Min Pale Of Paukmyaing
, image = , caption = , reign = 1347 – 1402 , coronation = , succession = Governor of Paukmyaing , predecessor = , successor = Sithu , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = King , regent = Kyawswa I of Pinya Kyawswa II of Pinya Narathu of Pinya Uzana II of Pinya Swa Saw Ke Tarabya Minkhaung I , spouse = Shwe Einthe of Pinya , issue = Saw Diga of Mye-Ne , issue-link = , full name = , house = Pinya , father = Yandathu I of Lanbu , mother = Mway Medaw of Lanbu , birth_date = 1330 , birth_place = , death_date = 1402 , death_place = , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Min Pale ( my, မင်းပုလဲ, ; 1330 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuyin Of Inyi
Tuyin ( my, တုရင်, ) was one of the top four generals in the service of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava.MSK Vol. 13 1973: 134–135Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 435 Although the royal chronicles list him as Number 3 of the top senior generals, they mention him in only one war, Mohnyin–Ava War (1392–93). The career cavalry corps officer apparently was a non-royal, and was conspicuously absent in the chronicles' commander lists for the Forty Years' War, which he must have participated. He commanded the elephant corps in the first part of the Mohnyin war, and he was roundly defeated near Myedu. He later switched back to his natural cavalry corps, and under the overall command of Thilawa of Yamethin the Ava army decisively defeated the Mohnyin army outside Sagaing in 1393.Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 432–433 References Bibliography * * {{cite book , author=Royal Historical Commission of Burma , author-link=Royal Historical Commission of Burma , title=Hmannan Yazawin , volume=1–3 , y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
