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Ten Years' War
The Ten Years' War (; 1868–1878), also known as the Great War () and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Little War (Cuba), Little War (1879–1880) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with United States involvement, leading to the Spanish–American War. Background Slavery Cuban bourgeoisie demanded fundamental social and economic reforms from the Monarchy of Spain, Crown. Lax enforcement of the Slavery in colonial Spanish America, slave trade ban had resulted in a dramatic increase in imports of African diaspora, Africans, estimated at 90,000 slaves from 1856 to 1860. This occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of both Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital. Cuba is the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with about 10 million inhabitants. It is the largest country in the Caribbean by area. The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited as early as the 4th millennium BC, with the Guanahatabey and Taino, Taíno peoples inhabiting the area at the time of Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish colonization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honorato Del Castillo
Honorato del Castillo (November 30, 1838 – July 20, 1869) was a Cuban revolutionary and army general who played a key role in the Ten Years' War in Cuba. Early life Honorato Andrés del Castillo y Cancio was born in Sancti Spíritus, Las Villas, Spanish Cuba, on November 30, 1838. Castillo studied and subsequently taught at the "El Salvador" school led by José de la Luz y Caballero. He was multilingual and graduated as a Doctor of Medicine before the war. Ten Years' War Honorato del Castillo joined the war of independence against Spain following the Cry of Yara by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes on October 10, 1868. On April 10, 1869, he served as a delegate of Sancti Spíritus at the Guáimaro constituent assembly. He was among the citizen deputies who voted for the Guáimaro Constitution. From the beginning, he was instrumental in the uprising in Cinco Villos and Sancti Spíritus. The Mambí brigadier commanded the first brigade of the Cuban Liberation Army's 3rd Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domingo Dulce
Domingo Dulce y Garay, 1st Marquis of Castell-Florite (Sotés (La Rioja (Spain), La Rioja), Spain, 7 May 1808 - Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda, France, 23 November 1869), was a Spanish nobility, noble and general, who fought in the First Carlist War and who served two times as List of colonial heads of Cuba, Captain General of Cuba. He joined the Spanish army in 1823 at the end of the Trienio Liberal and participated in the First Carlist War under the command of the ''Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, Christino'' Baldomero Espartero, Prince of Vergara, Baldomero Espartero, a close friend. During the campaign he won four Laureate Cross of Saint Ferdinand, Lauriate crosses. His friendship with Espartero let to his collaboration during the Early life of Isabella II of Spain#The regency of Espartero, Espartero or second regency while Isabella II of Spain, Isabel was a Early life of Isabella II of Spain, minor, during which period he was prominent in quelling the moderate liberal r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Lersundi Hormaechea
Francisco de Lersundi y Hormaechea (28 January 1817 in Valencia, Spain – 17 November 1874 in Bayonne, France) was a Spanish noble and politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain in 1853 and held other important offices such as Captain General of Cuba from 1866 to 1869. While he served as Prime Minister, he also simultaneously was the Minister of War. He was appointed a senator for life A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure. , five Italian senators out of 205, two out of the 41 Burundian senators, one Congolese senator out of 109, and all members of the Bri ... in 1853. References Prime ministers of Spain Governors of Cuba 1817 births 1874 deaths Moderate Party (Spain) politicians Nobility from Valencia Military personnel of the First Carlist War {{Cuba-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Reeve (soldier)
Henry Mike Reeve Carroll (April 4, 1850 – August 4, 1876) was a brigadier general in Cuba's (Army of Liberation) – more commonly known as the – during the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). In his youth, he was a drummer boy in the Union Army during the American Civil War. During his entire service in Cuba, he wore his US Army uniform. Reeve participated in approximately 400 engagements against Spanish forces, rising through the ranks quickly. Ignacio Agramonte nicknamed him "El Inglesito" ("The Little Englishman") due to his fair complexion and foreign origin. Biography He was born in Brooklyn, New York, United States, on April 4, 1850, son of Alexander Reeve and Maddie Carroll, and died in Matanzas, Cuba on August 4, 1876. Henry Reeve’s experience in the American Civil War solidified his strong opposition to slavery, and he saw Spanish rule in Cuba as one of the last bastions of slavery in the Western Hemisphere. Upon learning of the anti-slavery and anti-Spanish rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Jordan (general)
Thomas Jordan (September 30, 1819 – November 27, 1895) was a Confederate general and major operative in the network of Confederate spies during the American Civil War. A career soldier in the armies of three nations, he had previously fought in the Mexican–American War, and in 1868 was appointed as chief of staff of the Cuban insurgent army, which fought to achieve independence from Spain. He resigned in 1870 and returned to the United States, where he settled in New York City. Jordan was also a newspaper editor and author, writing articles about the American Civil War. Early life and career Thomas Jordan was born the oldest child of Gabriel and Elizabeth "Betsey" Seibert Jordan in the Luray Valley, Virginia. He is believed to have been educated in the local schools of Shenandoah County, Virginia (later Page County, Virginia). He received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, graduating in 1840. Jordan entered the army as a second lieutenant i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modesto Díaz
Modesto Díaz (1826 – August 28, 1892) was a Dominican Major General of the Cuban Liberation Army. He was a member of the Spanish Army in his country of origin during the Dominican Restoration War (1863–1865). He settled in Cuba and was reinstated to active service after the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes uprising. At the suggestion of Luis Marcano, he went to the side of the Cubans, and conducted several victorious battles against the Spanish during the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). Early years He was born in Baní, Dominican Republic, in 1826. In 1861, the country was occupied by Spanish forces, in which Díaz served as member of the Spanish army in his country and came to serve as military chief of the province of San Cristóbal. After the Dominican Restoration War, he arrived in Cuba together with the last military personnel who left the island in 1865, being a Brigadier of the Dominican Reserves in the service of Spain. Ten Years' War Due to the uprising of October 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Marcano
Luis Marcano (September 29, 1831 – May 16, 1870) was a People of the Dominican Republic, Dominican general of the pre-independence Cuban Army during the Ten Years' War. Biography Luis Jerónimo Marcano Álvarez was born in Baní, Dominican Republic in 1831, and he served in the militias which repelled the Haitian invasions of the 1840s and 1850s; he rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He later served in the Spanish Army during the Dominican Restoration War, and, after the Dominicans won the war, Marcano and his two brothers fled to Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Cuba. However, they joined the Cuban rebels during the Ten Years' War, and Marcano became a Major-General in the Cuban Army. He took part in the 1868 capture of Bayamo and the 1869 Battle of El Sallado, and, on 16 May 1870, he was shot in the groin by a stranger in Manzanillo after a fight. {{DEFAULTSORT:Marcano, Luis People of the Dominican War of Independence People of the Dominican Restoration War People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Máximo Gómez
Máximo Gómez y Báez (November 18, 1836 – June 17, 1905) was a general of Dominican origin in the Cuban Wars of Independence (1868-78 and 1895–98). He was known for his controversial Scorched earth tactics, which entailed dynamiting passenger trains and torching the Spanish loyalist properties and sugar plantations. By the time the Spanish–American War broke out in April 1898, he refused to join forces with the Spanish in fighting off the United States. After the war he retired to the Quinta de los Molinos, a luxury villa outside of Havana. He refused the presidential nomination that was offered to him in 1901, which he was expected to win unopposed, mainly because he always disliked politics and because he still felt that being Dominican-born, he should not become the civil leader of Cuba. Early life Gómez was born on November 18, 1836, in the town of Baní, in the province of Peravia, in what is now the Dominican Republic. During his teenage years, he joined in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donato Mármol
Donato Mármol (February 14, 1843 – June 26, 1870) was a Cuban revolutionary and general who played a key role in the Ten Years' War in Cuba. Early life Donato Benjamín del Mármol y Tamayo was born in Bayamo, Spanish Cuba on February 14, 1843. His father, a Venezuelan native and captain in the Spanish Army, moved with his family to Santiago de Cuba, where Donato finished his education. Ten Years' War Mármol was involved in early revolutionary meetings, including one led by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes in September 1868, where he acted as the leader of Jiguaní. Donato Mármol and Calixto García met with friends nightly at Mármol's farm, near the town of Holguín. Within two days of Céspedes' Cry of Yara on October 10, 1868, they took up arms in the war of independence against Spain. The revolutionary uprising spread rapidly throughout Eastern Cuba. Acting as the associate leader under Calixto García, Mármol led 150 men from town to town on October 13, 1868, driving the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Vicente Aguilera
Francisco Vicente Aguilera was a Cuban patriot born in Bayamo, Cuba on June 23, 1821. He had ten children with his wife Ana Manuela Maria Dolores Sebastiana Kindelan y Sanchez. He studied at the University of Havana receiving the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Aguilera had inherited a fortune from his father, and in 1867 he was the richest landowner in the eastern region of Cuba, owning extensive properties, sugar refineries, livestock, and slaves. He never bought any of the slaves that were regularly brought from the African coast and offered for sale. He only used the slaves he had inherited from his father. This required him to hire many free workers to plant and harvest the sugarcane and work the farms. He was mayor of Bayamo, and he was a freemason and the head of the Masonic lodge in Bayamo. He traveled to many countries, including the U.S., France, England, and Italy. On his travels he came into contact with governments that had chiefs of state who were not monarchs, leadi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perucho Figueredo
Pedro Felipe Figueredo, (born 18 February 1818 – 17 August 1870), mostly known as Perucho, was a Cubans, Cuban poet, musician, and freedom fighter of the 19th century. In the 1860s, he was active in the planning of the Cuban uprising against the Spanish known as the Ten Years' War. Figueredo was born in Bayamo, Cuba. He wrote the Cuban national anthem, , in 1867. He was captured during the war and executed on 17 August 1870 in Santiago de Cuba. His daughter Candelaria Figueredo became a hero of the uprising by carrying the new independent Cuban flag into battle at Bayamo in 1868. External links Perucho siteLearn about his heroic life and the lives of his family.Himno Bayamés (Letra y música de Pedro Figueredo.) Coleccion arreglada para canto y piano. Arro. no. 2. Por el maestro J. Marin Varona. From Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection {{DEFAULTSORT:Figueredo, Perucho People from Bayamo 1818 births 1870 deaths People of the Ten Years' War National anthem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
