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Tarḫunna
Tarḫunna or Tarḫuna/i was the Hittite weather god. He was also referred to as the "Weather god of Heaven" or the "Lord of the Land of Hatti". Name Tarḫunna is a cognate of the Hittite verb ''tarḫu-zi'', "to prevail, conquer, be powerful, be able, defeat"; from the Proto-Anatolian weather god ''*Tṛḫu-ent-,'' "conquering"; ultimately from PIE ''*terh₂-'', "to cross over, pass through, overcome". The same name was used in almost all Anatolian languages: Luwian '' Tarḫunz-''; Carian ''Trquδ-''; Milyan ''Trqqñt-'', and Lycian: ''Trqqas'' (A), ''Trqqiz'' (B). Norbert Oettinger has argued that the functions of the Anatolian weather god ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European god Perkwunos, but that they did not preserve the old name to coin instead the new epithet ''Tṛḫu-ent-'' ("conquering"), which sounded close to the name of the Hattian Storm-god ''Taru''. Role As weather god, Tarḫunna was responsible for the various manifestations of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teshub
Teshub was the Hurrians, Hurrian weather god, as well as the head of the Hurrian pantheon. The etymology of his name is uncertain, though it is agreed it can be classified as linguistically Hurrian language, Hurrian. Both Phonetics, phonetic and Logogram, logographic writings are attested. As a deity associated with the weather, Teshub could be portrayed both as destructive and protective. Individual weather phenomena, including winds, lightning, thunder and rain, could be described as his weapons. He was also believed to enable the growth of vegetation and create rivers and springs. His high position in Hurrian religion reflected the widespread importance of weather gods in northern Mesopotamia and nearby areas, where in contrast with the south agriculture relied primarily on rainfall rather than irrigation. It was believed that his authority extended to both mortal and other gods, both on earth and in heaven. However, the sea and the underworld were not under his control. Depictio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Goddess Of Arinna
The Sun goddess of Arinna, also sometimes identified as Arinniti or as Wuru(n)šemu, is the chief Goddess of Hittite mythology. Her companion is the weather god Tarḫunna. She protected the Hittite kingdom and was called the "Queen of all lands." Her cult centre was the sacred city of Arinna. In addition to the Sun goddess of Arinna, the Hittites also worshipped the Sun goddess of the Earth and the Sun god of Heaven, while the Luwians originally worshipped the old Proto-Indo-European Sun god Tiwaz. It appears that in the northern cultural sphere of the early Hittites, there was no male solar deity. Distinguishing the various solar deities in the texts is difficult since most are simply written with the Sumerogram dUTU (Solar deity). As a result, the interpretation of the solar deities remains a subject of debate. Family and myths The Sun goddess of Arinna and the weather god Tarḫunna formed a pair and together they occupied the highest position in the Hittite state's pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarḫunz
Tarḫunz (stem: ''Tarḫunt-'') was the weather god and chief god of the Luwians, a people of Bronze Age and early Iron Age Anatolia. He is closely associated with the Hittite god Tarḫunna and the Hurrian god Teshub. Name The name of the Proto-Anatolian weather god can be reconstructed as ''*Tṛḫu-ent-'' ("conquering"), a participle form of the Proto-Indo-European root ''*terh2'', "to cross over, pass through, overcome". It has cognates in Hittite language, Hittite ''tarḫu-'', Latin ''trans-'', Dutch ''door'', German language, German ''durch'', and English ''through''. The same name was used in almost all Anatolian languages: Hittite ''Tarḫunna-''; Carian language, Carian ''Trquδ-''; Milyan language, Milyan ''Trqqñt-'', and Lycian language, Lycian: ''Trqqas'' (A), ''Trqqiz'' (B), who has been identified with Zeus. Norbert Oettinger has argued that the functions of the Anatolian weather god ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European mythology, Proto-Indo-European go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hittite Mythology
Hittite mythology and Hittite religion were the religious beliefs and practices of the Hittites, who created an empire centered in Anatolia from . Most of the narratives embodying Hittite mythology are lost, and the elements that would give a balanced view of Hittite religion are lacking among the tablets recovered at the Hittite capital Hattusa and other Hittite sites. Thus, "there are no canonical scriptures, no theological disquisitions or discourses, no aids to private devotion". Some religious documents formed part of the corpus with which young scribes were trained, and have survived, most of them dating from the last several decades before the final burning of the sites. The scribes in the royal administration, some of whose archives survive, were a bureaucracy, organizing and maintaining royal responsibilities in areas that would be considered part of religion today: temple organization, cultic administration, reports of diviners, make up the main body of surviving te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weather God Of Zippalanda
The Weather god of Zippalanda was a Hittite weather god, who was worshipped in the Hittite city of Zippalanda. The weather god of Zippalanda had several names, such as Ziplantil, Wašezzili,Piotr Taracha: ''Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia''. Wiesbaden 2009, p. 55. Wašezzil and Wašezzašu. Role In ancient Anatolia, weather gods were the rulers of the sky and the mountains.Volkert Haas, Heidemarie Koch: ''Religionen des alten Orients: Hethiter und Iran''. Göttingen 2011, p. 228. They cast down thunder, lightning, clouds, rain and storms. The weather god of Zippalanda was also worshipped as a sender of rain. He was also worshipped as a fertility deity. Additionally, Wašezzili was referred to as a "lion" among the gods and therefore as a divine hero. Family In the official state pantheon of the Hittites, the Weather god of Zippalanda Wasezzili was regarded as the son of Tarḫunna, the 'Weather god of Ḫatti', and the Sun goddess of Arinna. As the son of the Sun god ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kammamma
Kammamma (also romanized as Kamama) was a Hattian god worshiped by Hittites and Palaians. He belonged to the category of tutelary deities ( D LAMMA) and might have been associated with vegetation. He attained a degree of importance in the Hittite state pantheon in the Old Hittite period, and in some cases he is listed in hierarchically arranged lists directly after Tarḫunna and the sun goddess of Arinna, the main Hittite deities. Name and character The theonym Kammamma has Hattic origin. It is identical with the name of a Bronze Age city located in northern Anatolia, though they were written in cuneiform with different determinatives, respectively ''dingir'' and ''uru''. Volkert Haas considered Kammamma a mother goddess. However, refers to him as a male deity. notes that the name is most likely related to that of the goddess Ammamma (Mamma), and translates it as "high Mamma". However, he concluded Kammamma was regarded as a male deity whose character was comparable to Tel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Å arruma
Šarruma, also romanized as Šarrumma or Sharruma, was a Hurrian god. He could be depicted in both anthropomorphic form, sometimes riding on the back of a leopard, and in the theriomorphic form as a bull. His character is not fully understood, though it is known that he could function as a mountain god. He was regarded as a son of Ḫepat and Teshub. He was also linked to various moon deities. Additionally, the only mythological text he appears in addresses him as a messenger (''sukkalu'') of Kumarbi. He was worshiped by Hurrians in southeastern Anatolia and northern Syria, for example in Kummanni and Lawazantiya in Kizzuwatna. From this kingdom he was introduced to the Hittite pantheon as well. Hittite influence in turn resulted in his introduction to cities such as Aleppo, Emar and Ugarit. He was also venerated in Luwian religion in the first millennium BCE, with theophoric names invoking him attested from as late as the Hellenistic period in Cilicia and Lycia. Name Multiple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weather God
A weather god or goddess, also frequently known as a storm god or goddess, is a deity in mythology associated with weather phenomena such as thunder, snow, lightning, rain, wind, storms, tornadoes, and hurricanes. Should they only be in charge of one feature of a storm, they will be called after that attribute, such as a rain god or a lightning/thunder god. This singular attribute might then be emphasized more than the generic, all-encompassing term "storm god", though with thunder/lightning gods, the two terms seem interchangeable. They feature commonly in polytheism, polytheistic religions, especially in Proto-Indo-European mythology, Proto-Indo-European ones. Storm gods are most often conceived of as wielding thunder and/or lightning (some lightning gods' names actually mean "thunder", but since one cannot have thunder without lightning, they presumably wielded both). The ancients didn't seem to differentiate between the two, which is presumably why both the words "lightning bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weather God Of Nerik
The Weather god of Nerik is a Hittite weather god, who was mainly worshipped in the Hittite city of Nerik, whose cult was relocated to Kaštama and Takupša for two hundred years after the Hittites lost Nerik to the Kaskians. He was also referred to as Nerak or Nerikkil. In ancient Anatolia Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean ..., weather gods were the rulers of the sky and the mountains. They cast down the thunder, lightning, clouds, rain and storms.Volkert Haas, Heidemarie Koch: ''Religionen des alten Orients: Hethiter und Iran''. Göttingen 2011, p. 228. The weather god of Nerik was also worshipped as a sender of rain, and as a fertility deity. In the official Hittite state pantheon, the Weather god of Nerik was considered the son of the Weather god of Ḫatti and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telipinu (god)
Telipinu (; Hattic: ''Talipinu'' or ''Talapinu'', "Exalted Son")Beckman, Gary. "Telipinu" in ''Reallexicon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie'', Vol. 13. 2012 was a Hittite god who most likely served as a patron of farming, though he has also been suggested to have been a storm god or an embodiment of crops. He was a son of the weather god Tarḫunna ( Taru) and the solar goddess Arinniti in the system of their mythology. His wife was the goddess Ḫatepuna, though he was also paired with and Kataḫḫa at various cultic centres. Telipinu was honored every nine years with an extravagant festival in the autumn at Ḫanḫana and Kašḫa, wherein 1000 sheep and 50 oxen were sacrificed and the symbol of the god, an oak tree, was replanted. He was also invoked formulaically in a daily prayer for King Muršili II during the latter's reign. An ancient Hittite myth about Telipinu, the ''Telipinu Myth'', describes how his disappearance causes all fertility to fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mezulla
Mezulla or Mezzulla was a minor Hittite goddess. She and her daughter Zintuḫi were closely associated with the Sun goddess of Arinna; together they formed a triple deity. Mezulla had only local importance and is not mentioned in the oath lists of Hittite interstate treaties. Family Mezulla was the daughter of the Sun goddess of Arinna and the weather god Tarḫunna. Her daughter Zintuḫi was a goddess who had no special role. From the 13th century BC onwards, the corn god Telipinu, the Weather god of Zippalanda and the Weather god of Nerik are attested as her brothers. Role Like her mother, Mezulla was of Hattian origin and she was also known as Tappinu ( Hattian: "her daughter"). As the daughter of the two chief Hittite deities, she could be called upon to act as an intermediary with either of them, especially their mother. She also aided military campaigns. Mezulla had a temple in the holy city of Arinna, which was the second most important in the city after that of h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telipinu (mythology)
Telipinu (; Hattic: ''Talipinu'' or ''Talapinu'', "Exalted Son")Beckman, Gary. "Telipinu" in ''Reallexicon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie'', Vol. 13. 2012 was a Hittite god who most likely served as a patron of farming, though he has also been suggested to have been a storm god or an embodiment of crops. He was a son of the weather god Tarḫunna ( Taru) and the solar goddess Arinniti in the system of their mythology. His wife was the goddess Ḫatepuna, though he was also paired with and Kataḫḫa at various cultic centres. Telipinu was honored every nine years with an extravagant festival in the autumn at Ḫanḫana and Kašḫa, wherein 1000 sheep and 50 oxen were sacrificed and the symbol of the god, an oak tree, was replanted. He was also invoked formulaically in a daily prayer for King Muršili II during the latter's reign. An ancient Hittite myth about Telipinu, the ''Telipinu Myth'', describes how his disappearance causes all fertility to fai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
