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Taroç Family
The Taroç family (also spelt Teroç, Toroç and sometimes Taros) (Hebrew language, Hebrew: טארוש, ''Tarosh'') (Arabic:التاراس, ''al-Taras'') is a Sephardi Jews, Sephardic Jewish family originally from Girona, Catalonia. Members of the family occupied key positions in the courts and economy of Catalonia, becoming one of the wealthiest Jewish families in Catalonia during the 13th to 15th centuries. The family progenitor is Todros Taroç (born al-Taras), who was the son of Azriel of Gerona, Azriel ibn Menahem al-Taras, thus making the Taroç family a cadet branch of the Al-Taras, al-Taras family from Castile (historical region), Castile. Todros Taroç adopted the surname Taroç which is a Catalan language, Catalan spelling of al-Taras which mans "embroider" in Arabic. Following the Alhambra Decree, Alhambra decree of 1492, the majority of the family immigrated to the Ottoman Empire, Levant, the Levant and other parts of the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and North Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girona
Girona (officially and in Catalan language, Catalan , Spanish: ''Gerona'' ) is a city in northern Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter River, Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 103,369 in 2020. Girona is the capital of the province of Girona, province of the same name and also capital of the ''Comarques of Catalonia, comarca'' of the Gironès and the vegueria of Girona. Since much of the old quarter of this ancient city has been preserved, Girona is a popular destination for tourists, and film productions have used it as a filming location (e.g. ''Game of Thrones''). The city is located northeast of Barcelona. History The first historical inhabitants in the region were Iberians; Girona is the ancient Gerunda, a city of the Ausetani. Later, the Ancient Rome, Romans built a citadel there, which was given the name of ''Gerunda''. The Visigoths ruled in Girona until it was conquered by the Moors in 715. Charlemagne reconquere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Africa
North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in the west, to Egypt's Suez Canal. Varying sources limit it to the countries of Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, a region that was known by the French during colonial times as "''Afrique du Nord''" and is known by Arabs as the Maghreb ("West", ''The western part of Arab World''). The United Nations definition includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, and the Western Sahara, the territory disputed between Morocco and the Sahrawi Republic. The African Union definition includes the Western Sahara and Mauritania but not Sudan. When used in the term Middle East and North Africa (MENA), it often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb. North Africa includes the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and plazas de s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. The city straddles the Bosporus strait, lying in both Europe and Asia, and has a population of over 15 million residents, comprising 19% of the population of Turkey. Istanbul is the list of European cities by population within city limits, most populous European city, and the world's List of largest cities, 15th-largest city. The city was founded as Byzantium ( grc-gre, Βυζάντιον, ) in the 7th century BCE by Ancient Greece, Greek settlers from Megara. In 330 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital, renaming it first as New Rome ( grc-gre, Νέα Ῥώμη, ; la, Nova Roma) and then as Constantinople () after himself. The city grew in size and influence, eventually becom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edirne
Edirne (, ), formerly known as Adrianople or Hadrianopolis (Greek: Άδριανούπολις), is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second capital city of the Ottoman Empire from 1369 to 1453, before Constantinople became its capital. The city is a commercial centre for woven textiles, silks, carpets and agricultural products and has a growing tourism industry. In 2019 its estimated population was 185,408. Edirne has an attractive location on the rivers Meriç and Tunca and has managed to withstand some of the unattractive development that mars the outskirts of many Turkish cities. The town is famous in Turkey for its liver. ''Ciğer tava'' (breaded and deep-fried liver) is often served with a side of cacık, a dish of diluted strained yogurt with chopped cucumber. Names and etymology The city was founded and named after the Roman emperor Hadr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhodes
Rhodes (; el, Ρόδος , translit=Ródos ) is the largest and the historical capital of the Dodecanese islands of Greece. Administratively, the island forms a separate municipality within the Rhodes regional unit, which is part of the South Aegean administrative region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Rhodes. The city of Rhodes had 50,636 inhabitants in 2011. In 2022 the island has population of 124,851 people. It is located northeast of Crete, southeast of Athens. Rhodes has several nicknames, such as "Island of the Sun" due to its patron sun god Helios, "The Pearl Island", and "The Island of the Knights", named after the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem, who ruled the island from 1310 to 1522. Historically, Rhodes was famous for the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The Medieval Old Town of the City of Rhodes has been declared a World Heritage Site. Today, it is one of the most popular tourist destina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girona Synagogue
The Girona Synagogue (Hebrew: הבית כנסת של גירונא) (Catalan: ''Sinagoga de Girona'') was an important medieval synagogue in Carrer de Sant Llorenç in Girona, Spain, which served as the centre for early Spanish Kabbalism, with scholars such as Nachmanides, Issac the Blind and Azriel of Girona using the synagogue as a house of learning. The synagogue was built around the 13th century, with large renovations done in the mid 14th century, mostly funded by the Taroç family. Following the Massacre of 1391, the synagogue was desecrated and looted, however in 1415, Ferdinand I of Aragon ordered that the synagogue be restored to the Jews. During the Catalan Civil War the synagogue was partly destroyed, and following the Alhambra Decree The Alhambra Decree (also known as the Edict of Expulsion; Spanish: ''Decreto de la Alhambra'', ''Edicto de Granada'') was an edict issued on 31 March 1492, by the joint Catholic Monarchs of Spain ( Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I Of Castile
John I ( es, Juan I; 24 August 1358 – 9 October 1390) was King of Castile and León from 1379 until 1390. He was the son of Henry II and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile. Biography His first marriage, to Eleanor of Aragon on 18 June 1375, produced his only known issue : # Henry (4 October 1379 – 25 December 1406), succeeded his father as King of Castile.C.W. Previte-Orton, ''The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History'', Volume 2, (Cambridge at the University Press, 1912), 902. # Ferdinand (27 November 1380 – 2 April 1416), became King of Aragon in 1412. # Eleanor (b. 13 August 1382), died young. In 1379, John I formed the short lived military order of the Order of the Pigeon, known for its large feasts which included eating the organization's namesake, the pigeon. Unlike his father, John I seems to have been more tolerant towards Jews, even making legal exemptions for some, such as Abraham David Taroç. He ransomed Leo V of the House of Lusignan, the last Latin king of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleanor Of Aragon, Queen Of Castile
Eleanor of Aragon (20 February 1358 – 13 August 1382) was a daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon and his wife Eleanor of Sicily. She was a member of the House of Barcelona and Queen of Castile by her marriage. cites . Family Eleanor was the youngest child and only daughter of her father by his third marriage. Eleanor was a sister of John I of Aragon and Martin of Aragon. She was a half-sister of Constance, Queen of Sicily, Joanna, Countess of Ampurias and Isabella, Countess of Urgell. Marriage At Soria on the 18 June 1375, Eleanor married John I of Castile. Her marriage was arranged as part of the arrangements for peace between Aragon and Castile agreed at Almazán on the 12 April 1374 and at Lleida on the 10 May 1375. Eleanor and John were married for seven years, in which time they had three children: #Henry (4 October 1379 – 25 December 1406), succeeded his father as King of Castile #Ferdinand (27 November 1380 – 2 April 1416), became King of Aragon This is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham David Taroç
Abraham David Taroç (Hebrew: אברהם דוד בן שלמה אברהם טארוש, ''Avraham David ben Shlomo Avraham Tarosh'') (Arabic: إبراهيم داود بن سلومو إبراهيم, التاراس, ''Ibrahim Dawud bin Salumu Ibrahim al-Taras''; died 1392) also known as Abraham Toros was a 14th-century Sephardic Jewish jeweller and aristocrat, who is known for legally being married to two women at the same time in the Catholic Principality of Catalonia. Biography Born around 1350 in Barcelona, Catalonia, to the Taroç family. His father, Salomo Abraham Taroç was a physician and a prominent money lender originally from Girona. His mother, Dolca Bonjuà, was the scion of the wealthy Bonjuà family of judges and court officials. In his mid-twenties, he became a very prominent pearlsmith in Barcelona and was one of several highly trained Jewish jewellers who made collections for Queen Eleanor of Aragón-Catalonia. It was his connection to the Queen and later the King wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salomo Abraham Taroç
Salomo Abraham Taroç (Hebrew: שלמה אברהם בן יצחק טארוש) was a 14th century Sephardic Jewish physician and money lender. Biography He was born in early 1301 in Girona, Catalonia. His father, Isaac Taroç, was a wealthy landowner, a representative of Gironan Jewry and the son of Vidal Taroç. In his early years, Salomo studied medicine in Vic, later moving back to Girona, where he married Dolca Bonjuà, a member of the wealthy Bonjuà family of bailiffs and court officials. Her father Maimó ibn Mahir Bonjuà was a wealthy judge of Vic, with ancestral connections to Girona. The couple moved to Barcelona, where Salomo amassed great wealth by renting out properties and lending money to Christian aristocrats, becoming one of the wealthiest Jews in Girona. It was also around this time that Salomo became one of the leading physicians in Girona, possibly even serving as a physician for members of the Crown of Aragon. Salomo moved again to Verges, where he probably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barcelona
Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within city limits,Barcelona: Población por municipios y sexo – Instituto Nacional de Estadística. (National Statistics Institute) its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the and is home to around 4.8 million people, making it the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristocracy
Aristocracy (, ) is a form of government that places strength in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocracy (class), aristocrats. The term derives from the el, αριστοκρατία (), meaning 'rule of the best'. At the time of the word's origins in ancient Greece, the Greeks conceived it as rule by the best-qualified citizens—and often contrasted it favorably with monarchy, rule by an individual. The term was first used by such ancient Greeks as Aristotle and Plato, who used it to describe a system where only the best of the citizens, chosen through a careful process of selection, would become rulers, and hereditary rule would actually have been forbidden, unless the rulers' children performed best and were better endowed with the attributes that make a person fit to rule compared with every other citizen in the polity. Hereditary rule in this understanding is more related to oligarchy, a corrupted form of aristocracy where there is rule by a few, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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