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Sobemovirus
''Sobemovirus'' is a genus of viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 20 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaics and mottles. Structure Viruses in ''Sobemovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genome The genome is a single piece of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, 4,100–5,700 nucleotides in length.Index of Viruses—Sobemovirus (2006). In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. The genome encodes five open reading frames: ORF1, ORFs 2a and 2b, ORF3 and ORFx. ORF1 encodes P1 which plays a role in suppression of silencing and virus movement. ORFs 2a and 2b encode the replicational polyproteins P2a and P2ab. Translation of ORF2a from the genomic RNA is dependent on a leaky scanning mechanism. ORF3 encodes the coat protein. ORFx is conserved in all sobemoviruses. It overlaps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papaya Lethal Yellowing Virus
Papaya Lethal Yellowing Virus (PLYV) is an isometric viral plant pathogen, tentatively assigned to the genus Sobemovirus, that causes lethal yellowing disease of the papaya plant. The virus infects only '' Carica papaya, Jacaratia heterophylla, J. spinosa, Vasconcellea cauliflora, V. monoica'' and '' V. quercifolia'', all from the papaya family Caricaceae. It is only found in Northeastern Brazil and has no confirmed biological vectors. PLYV consists of a 36 kDa capsid protein and a single-stranded RNA genome 4145 nt in length, and causes progressive leaf yellowing and greenish circular spots on the fruits. Control of this virus is of economic importance in Northeast Brazil, as 60% of Brazil’s papaya production occurs there. Hosts and symptoms As the name implies, PLYV is very host-specific. In an inoculation study, the virus only infected members of the papaya family Caricaceae, whereas other species (''Chenopodium amaranticolor'', '' C. murale'', '' C. quinoa' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocksfoot Mottle Virus
Cocksfoot mottle virus (CfMV) is a pathogenic plant virus belonging to the genus ''Sobemovirus''. The virus appears in southern and central England. It is transmitted by beetles '' Lema melanopa'' and ''Lema lichenis'' and is common in crops of cocksfoot and cocksfoot/legume mixtures. Molecular biology CfMV's P1 protein, required for infection, has been found to interfere with RNAi pathways in plants species such as '' Nicotiana benthamiana'' and ''Nicotiana tabacum''. The polyprotein coat of CfMV is made up of two proteins, encoded by overlapping open reading frames (2a and 2b) which are transcribed through a ribosomal frameshift mechanism. This mechanism is reliant upon a small stem-loop Stem-loop intramolecular base pairing is a pattern that can occur in single-stranded RNA. The structure is also known as a hairpin or hairpin loop. It occurs when two regions of the same strand, usually complementary in nucleotide sequence when ... structure and a 'slippery' repeat seq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rice Yellow Mottle Virus
Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is a plant pathogenic virus, belonging to the genus Sobemovirus. The genome is a positive-sense single strand RNA of 4450 nucleotides in length and is not polyadenylated. It was first reported in Kenya in 1966 in one of Africa's first cultivation intensification schemes, due to RYMV's association with intensification,p.7, "RYMV was first detected in 1966 near Kisumu in Kenya along the north-east shore of Lake Victoria 1 This report coincided with the development of one of the first major intensive rice production schemes in Africa. Since then, most epidemics have been associated with rice intensificiation." but DNA analysis of its evolutionary history shows it to have evolved in East Africa in the 19th century.Abstract, "Diversification and spread of RYMV has been concomitant with an extension of rice cultivation in Africa since the 19th century."Abstract, "In East Africa, RYMV emerged in the 19 century after rice intensification along the Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blueberry Shoestring Virus
''Blueberry shoestring virus'' (BBSSV) is a disease-causing virus that is commonly transmitted by the aphid vector, '' Illinoia pepperi''.Morimoto, K.M., D.C. Ramsdell, J.M. Gillett, and W.G. Chaney. 1985. Acquisition and transmission of blueberry shoestring virus by its aphid vector Illinoia pepperi. Phytopathology 75:709-712. The blueberry shoestring virus disease is very prominent in highbush and lowbush blueberry plants in the northeastern and upper Midwest of the United States. Symptoms can vary significantly depending on the environment, but the most common disease symptoms are reddish streaking on young stems, reduced vigor and strap-shaped leaves. The blueberry shoestring virus disease can be managed by eliminating the aphid vector through the use of biological, chemical or cultural controls. In severe cases, the disease leads to an extensive loss of yield and marketable fruit.Ramsdell D.C. Blueberry Shoestring. In: Converse R.H., editor. 1987. Virus Diseases of Small Fruit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sowbane Mosaic Virus
''Sowbane mosaic virus'' (SoMV) is a pathogenic plant virus Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses can be pathogenic to higher plants. M ..., infecting potato and grapevine. Infected species present chlorotic mottling and lesions, followed by yellow flecking and star-shaped patterns. References External links ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Sowbane mosaic virusDescriptions of Plant Viruses - Association of Applied Biologists Sobemoviruses Viral plant pathogens and diseases Potato diseases Viral grape diseases {{Virus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucerne Transient Streak Virus
Lucerne transient streak virus (LTSV) is a pathogenic plant virus Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses can be pathogenic to higher plants. M .... External linksICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Lucerne transient streak virus Sobemoviruses Viral plant pathogens and diseases {{Virus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sesbania Mosaic Virus
''Sesbania'' is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, and the only genus found in tribe Sesbanieae. Riverhemp is a common name for plants in this genus. Notable species include the rattlebox (''Sesbania punicea''), spiny sesbania (''Sesbania bispinosa''), and ''Sesbania sesban'', which is used in cooking. Plants of this genus, some of which are aquatic, can be used in alley cropping to increase the soil's nitrogen content. The species of rhizobia responsible for nitrogen fixation in ''Sesbania rostrata'' is ''Azorhizobium caulinodans''. Some 60 species are currently accepted, with about 39 still unresolved. The largest number of species are found in Africa, and the remainder in Australia, Hawaii, and Asia. Fossil record Fossil seed pods from the upper Oligocene resembling ''Sesbania'' have been found in the Hungarian locality of Eger Wind-brickyard. The fossil species grew in a swampy and riparian environment.Distribution of Legumes in the Tertiary of Hungar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velvet Tobacco Mottle Virus
Weave details visible on a purple-colored velvet fabric Velvet is a type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are evenly distributed, with a short pile, giving it a distinctive soft feel. By extension, the word ''velvety'' means "smooth like velvet". In the past, velvet was typically made from silk. Today, velvet can be made from linen, cotton, wool and synthetic fibers. Construction and composition left, Illustration depicting the manufacture of velvet fabric Velvet is woven on a special loom that weaves two thicknesses of the material at the same time. The two pieces are then cut apart to create the pile effect, and the two lengths of fabric are wound on separate take-up rolls. This complicated process meant that velvet was expensive to make before industrial power looms became available, and well-made velvet remains a fairly costly fabric. Velvet is difficult to clean because of its pile, but modern dry cleaning methods make cleaning more feasible. Velvet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turnip Rosette Virus
The turnip or white turnip ('' Brassica rapa'' subsp. ''rapa'') is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, fleshy taproot. The word ''turnip'' is a compound of ''turn'' as in turned/rounded on a lathe and ''neep'', derived from Latin ''napus'', the word for the plant. Small, tender varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock. In Northern England, Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall and parts of Canada (Quebec, Newfoundland, Manitoba and the Maritimes), the word ''turnip'' (or ''neep'') often refers to rutabaga, also known as ''swede'', a larger, yellow root vegetable in the same genus ('' Brassica''). Description The most common type of turnip is mostly white-skinned apart from the upper , which protrude above the ground and are purple or red or greenish where the sun has hit. This above-ground part develops from stem tissue, but is fused with the root. The interior flesh is entirely white ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subterranean Clover Mottle Virus
Subterranean(s) or The Subterranean(s) may refer to: * Subterranea (geography), underground structures, both natural and man-made Literature * ''Subterranean'' (novel), a 1998 novel by James Rollins * ''Subterranean Magazine'', an American fantasy, horror and science fiction magazine * Subterranean Press, an American small press publisher * ''The Subterraneans'', a 1958 novella by Jack Kerouac Media (film and TV) * ''The Subterraneans'' (film) 1960 motion picture based on the Kerouac novella * ''The Subterranean'', a 1967 Romanian film * ''Subterranean'' (TV program), an American music show which ran from 2003 to 2011 Music * ''Subterranean'' (EP) (1995), an EP by In Flames * "Subterranean" (2003), a song by Smack * "Subterranean" (2014), a song by Foo Fighters on the album Sonic Highways * Subterranean Records, an American record label * " Subterraneans" (1977), a song by David Bowie * "Subterraneans" (1984), a song by Flesh for Lulu * Subterraneans (band), an Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soybean Yellow Common Mosaic Virus
The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu and tofu skin are made. Fermented soy foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, nattō, and tempeh. Fat-free (defatted) soybean meal is a significant and cheap source of protein for animal feeds and many packaged meals. For example, soybean products, such as textured vegetable protein (TVP), are ingredients in many meat and dairy substitutes. Soybeans contain significant amounts of phytic acid, dietary minerals and B vitamins. Soy vegetable oil, used in food and industrial applications, is another product of processing the soybean crop. Soybean is the most important protein source for feed farm animals (that in turn yields animal protein for human consumption). Etymology The word "soy" originated as a corruption of the Cantonese or Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Cowpea Mosaic Virus
Southern may refer to: Businesses * China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China * Southern Airways, defunct US airline * Southern Air, air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US * Southern Airways Express, Memphis-based passenger air transportation company, serving eight cities in the US * Southern Company, US electricity corporation * Southern Music (now Peermusic), US record label * Southern Railway (other), various railways * Southern Records, independent British record label * Southern Studios, recording studio in London, England * Southern Television, defunct UK television company * Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway), brand used for some train services in Southern England Media * ''Southern Daily'' or ''Nanfang Daily'', the official Communist Party newspaper based in Guangdong, China * '' Southern Weekly'', a newspaper in Guangzhou, China * Heart Sussex, a radio station in Sussex, England, previously known as "Southern FM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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