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Sigrid Hedman
''Sigrid'' Elisabeth Hedman, maiden name ''Norman'' (April 26, 1855 in Stockholm – February 28, 1922 in Solna outside of Stockholm), was one of the members of the group ''De Fem'' (''The Five''), a Spiritualism (movement), spiritualist group founded in 1896 and dissolved in 1907. Sigrid Hedman was married to the wholesaler Ernst Hedman (1853–1938). They had five children, born 1884–1889. Sigrid Hedman was an early member of the Edelweiss Society in Stockholm. She was interested in spiritualism and had mediumistic gifts. In 1900 she published an article in the magazine ('Afterwards? Journal of Spiritualism and related topics'), which was the main publication for spiritualism in Sweden. In the article she defended spiritualism, pointing out how straining it was for the Mediumship, medium to get in touch with higher beings. The other members of the group (''The Five'') were Hilma af Klint, Anna Cassel, Mathilda Nilsson and Cornelia Cederberg (Mathilda Nilsson's sister). It b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people live in the Stockholm Municipality, municipality, with 1.6 million in the Stockholm urban area, urban area, and 2.4 million in the Metropolitan Stockholm, metropolitan area. The city stretches across fourteen islands where Mälaren, Lake Mälaren flows into the Baltic Sea. Outside the city to the east, and along the coast, is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago. The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl. It is also the county seat of Stockholm County. For several hundred years, Stockholm was the capital of Finland as well (), which then was a part of Sweden. The population of the municipality of Stockholm is expected to reach o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solna
Solna Municipality ( sv, Solna kommun or , ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in Sweden, located just north of Stockholm City Centre. Its seat is located in the town of Solna, which is a part of the Stockholm urban area. Solna is one of the richest municipalities in Sweden. The municipality is a part of Metropolitan Stockholm. None of the area is considered rural, which is unusual for Swedish municipalities, which normally are of mixed rural/urban character. Solna is the third smallest municipality in Sweden in terms of area. Solna borders Stockholm Municipality to the south, southeast and northwest; to Sundbyberg Municipality to the west; to Sollentuna Municipality to the north; and to Danderyd Municipality to the northeast. The boundary with Danderyd Municipality is delineated by the Stocksundet strait. There are two parishes in Solna Municipality: Råsunda (population 29,677) and Solna (population 28,317). Solna Parish once included parts of present-day City of Stock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Fem
''Anna'' Maria Augusta Cassel (15 March 1860 close to Grythyttan – 18 February 1937 in Stockholm) was a Swedish artist. She mainly painted landscapes from Norrland, Scania, Skåne, Västmanland and around Stockholm, made in oil or in tempera. Biography Anna Cassel was the daughter of the company manager Per August Cassel and Josefina Ramberg. She belonged to a wealthy family. She lived with her mother and three of her four sisters, Lotten, Emma and Elin at Engelbrektsgatan 31 in Stockholm. Anna Cassel was described by her brother-in-law Karl Öhman, who in an unpublished book describes their relation from the common standpoint in their interest for painting : "Anna Cassel gave me another direction. Not through any moral nor philosophical discussion, but through her moral artistic personality. Her strong personality had a strong impact on me, and art the moderating context." Anna Cassel was a lifelong friend of the artist Hilma af Klint. The two first met in 1878 when Cassel s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiritualism (movement)
Spiritualism is a social religious Social movement, movement primarily popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries according to which an individual's Afterlife, awareness persists after death and may be Séance, contacted by the living. The afterlife, or the "Spirit world (Spiritualism), spirit world", is seen by spiritualists not as a static place, but as one in which spirits continue to evolve. These two beliefs—that contact with spirits is possible, and that spirits are more advanced than humans—lead spiritualists to the belief that spirits are capable of providing useful insight regarding morality, moral and ethical issues, as well as about the nature of God. Some spiritualists speak of a concept which they refer to as "spirit guides"—specific spirits, often contacted, who are relied upon for spiritual guidance... Emanuel Swedenborg has some claim to be the father of spiritualism. Spiritualism developed and reached its peak growth in membership from the 184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediumship
Mediumship is the practice of purportedly mediating communication between familiar spirits or ghost, spirits of the dead and living human beings. Practitioners are known as "mediums" or "spirit mediums". There are different types of mediumship or spirit conduit (channeling), channelling, including table-turning, séance tables, trance, and ouija. Belief in psychic ability is widespread despite the absence of objective evidence for its existence. Scientific researchers have attempted to ascertain the validity of claims of mediumship. An experiment undertaken by the British Psychological Society led to the conclusion that the test subjects demonstrated no mediumistic ability. Mediumship gained popularity during the nineteenth century, when ouija boards were used as a source of entertainment. Investigations during this period revealed widespread fraud—with some practitioners employing techniques used by Magic (illusion), stage magicians—and the practice began to lose credibilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilma Af Klint
Hilma af Klint (; 26 October 1862 – 21 October 1944) was a Swedish artist and mysticism, mystic whose paintings are considered among the first Abstract art, abstract works known in Western art history. A considerable body of her work predates the first purely abstract compositions by Wassily Kandinsky, Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich, Malevich and Piet Mondrian, Mondrian. She belonged to a group called "The Five", comprising a circle of women inspired by Theosophy, who shared a belief in the importance of trying to contact the so-called "Masters of the Ancient Wisdom, High Masters"—often by way of séances. Her paintings, which sometimes resemble diagrams, were a visual representation of complex spiritual ideas. Early life Hilma af Klint was the fourth child of Mathilda af Klint (née Sonntag) and Captain Victor af Klint, a Swedish naval commander, and she spent summers with her family at their manor, "Hanmora", on the island of Adelsö in Lake Mälaren. In these idyllic surro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Cassel
''Anna'' Maria Augusta Cassel (15 March 1860 close to Grythyttan – 18 February 1937 in Stockholm) was a Swedish artist. She mainly painted landscapes from Norrland, Skåne, Västmanland and around Stockholm, made in oil or in tempera. Biography Anna Cassel was the daughter of the company manager Per August Cassel and Josefina Ramberg. She belonged to a wealthy family. She lived with her mother and three of her four sisters, Lotten, Emma and Elin at Engelbrektsgatan 31 in Stockholm. Anna Cassel was described by her brother-in-law Karl Öhman, who in an unpublished book describes their relation from the common standpoint in their interest for painting : "Anna Cassel gave me another direction. Not through any moral nor philosophical discussion, but through her moral artistic personality. Her strong personality had a strong impact on me, and art the moderating context." Anna Cassel was a lifelong friend of the artist Hilma af Klint. The two first met in 1878 when Cassel start ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathilda Nilsson
Emma 'Mathilda' Nilsson, née ''Cederberg'' (July 13, 1844 – June 28, 1923) was a Swedish Spiritualism (movement), spiritualist from Stockholm. Spiritualism Mathilda Nilsson was a high-profile within the spiritualistic society in Stockholm. She was one of the first members of the spiritualistic organisation "Spiritistiska Litteraturföreningen" from its founding in 1877. Mathilda Nilsson was member of "Klöverbladet" and one of the founders of the Edelweiss Society in Stockholm, founded in December 1888. She was a very active member of the Society, where she took notes of messages received from spirits, healed through laying on of hands and received messages from the dead. She left the Edelweiss Society in 1896. 1891 she became editor of the spiritualistic magazine "Efteråt? Tidskrift för spiritism och därmed beslägtade ämnen" [Afterwards? Journal of Spiritualism and related topics], which was the main publication for spiritualism in Sweden. The magazine was issued during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornelia Cederberg
''Cornelia'' Carolina Amalia Cederberg, born on November 6 1854 in Stockholm, died February 21 1933 in Stockholm, was one of the members of the group ''De Fem'' (''The Five''), a spiritualistic group founded in 1896, and dissolved in 1907. The other members the group ''De Fem'' (''The Five'') were Hilma af Klint, Anna Cassel, Sigrid Hedman and Mathilda Nilsson (Cornelia Cederberg's sister). It began as an ordinary spiritualist group that received messages through a psychograph (an instrument for recording spirit writings) or a trance medium. During group's séances spirit leaders presented themselves by name and promised to help the group's members in their spiritual training. The spirits communicating with the five women were mostly Gregor, Georg, Clemens, Ananda och Amaliel. Such leaders are common in spiritualist literature and life. Through their spiritual guidance, the group was inspired to draw automatically in pencil, a technique that was not unusual at that time. When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychograph
The psychograph was a phrenology machine, invented and marketed by Henry C. Lavery in the early part of the 20th century. The psychograph claimed to mechanically discern a subject's aptitudes in a number of mental faculties. It was designed to measure the person's head according to the principles of phrenology. Lavery patented his first psychograph in 1905 while living in Superior, Wisconsin. Eventually he joined with Frank P. White to form the Psychograph Company, based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, which operated from 1929 to 1937. They produced a machine which measured the subject's head at 32 points and used those measurements to report the person's supposed mental attributes on a five-point scale ranging from "deficient" to "very superior". The partners had some initial success in selling or leasing out the psychograph. The machines were sometimes installed in theater lobbies or department stores as novelty items for customers to use. The popularity of the device helped maint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Automatism
Surrealist automatism is a method of art-making in which the artist suppresses conscious control over the making process, allowing the unconscious mind to have great sway. Early 20th-century Dadaists, such as Hans Arp, made some use of this method through chance operations. Surrealist artists, most notably André Masson, adapted to art the automatic writing method of André Breton and Philippe Soupault who composed with it '' Les Champs Magnétiques'' (The Magnetic Fields) in 1919.Chilvers, Ian and Glaves-Smith, John, ''A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art'', second edition (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 45-46. . '' The Automatic Message'' (1933) was one of Breton's significant theoretical works about automatism. Origins Automatism has taken on many forms: the automatic writing and drawing initially (and still to this day) explored by the surrealists can be compared to similar or parallel phenomena, such as the non-idiomatic improvisation. "Psychi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealism
Surrealism is a cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists depicted unnerving, illogical scenes and developed techniques to allow the unconscious mind to express itself. Its aim was, according to leader André Breton, to "resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality", or ''surreality.'' It produced works of painting, writing, theatre, filmmaking, photography, and other media. Works of Surrealism feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and '' non sequitur''. However, many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost (for instance, of the "pure psychic automatism" Breton speaks of in the first Surrealist Manifesto), with the works themselves being secondary, i.e. artifacts of surrealist experimentation. Leader Breton was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was, above all, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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