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Signal Transition Graphs
Signal Transition Graphs (STGs) are typically used in electronic engineering and computer engineering to describe dynamic behaviour of asynchronous circuits, for the purposes of their analysis or synthesis. Main definitions and applications Informally, an STG is a graphical description of the behaviour of an asynchronous circuit in the form where information about causal relations between signalling events is represented directly, as opposed to descriptions based on states. In that way, STGs help to formalise the description of a circuit typically represented by timing diagrams, sometimes also called waveforms. The latter are widely used by electronic engineers. More formally, an STG is a type of an interpreted (or labelled) Petri net whose transitions are labelled with the names of changes in the values of signals (cf. signal transitions). For example, the typical case of the labelling is the case where signals are binary, hence the transition are interpreted as rising and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Engineering
Electronics engineering is a sub-discipline of electrical engineering which emerged in the early 20th century and is distinguished by the additional use of active components such as semiconductor devices to amplify and control electric current flow. Previously electrical engineering only used passive devices such as mechanical switches, resistors, inductors and capacitors. It covers fields such as: analog electronics, digital electronics, consumer electronics, embedded systems and power electronics. It is also involved in many related fields, for example solid-state physics, radio engineering, telecommunications, control systems, signal processing, systems engineering, computer engineering, instrumentation engineering, electric power control, robotics. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is one of the most important professional bodies for electronics engineers in the US; the equivalent body in the UK is the Institution of Engineering and Technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theory Of Regions
The Theory of regions is an approach for synthesizing a Petri net from a transition system. As such, it aims at recovering concurrent, independent behavior from transitions between global states. Theory of regions handles elementary net systems as well as P/T nets and other kinds of nets. An important point is that the approach is aimed at the synthesis of unlabeled Petri nets only. Definition A region of a transition system (S, \Lambda, \rightarrow) is a mapping assigning to each state s \in S a number \sigma(s) (natural number for P/T nets, binary Binary may refer to: Science and technology Mathematics * Binary number, a representation of numbers using only two digits (0 and 1) * Binary function, a function that takes two arguments * Binary operation, a mathematical operation that ta ... for ENS) and to each transition label a number \tau(\ell) such that consistency conditions \sigma(s') = \sigma(s) + \tau(\ell) holds whenever (s,\ell,s') \in \rightarrow. Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quasi-delay-insensitive Circuit
In digital logic design, an asynchronous circuit is quasi delay-insensitive (QDI) when it operates correctly, independent of gate and wire delay with the weakest exception necessary to be turing-complete. Overview Pros * Robust to process variation, temperature fluctuation, circuit redesign, and FPGA remapping. * Natural event sequencing facilitates complex control circuitry. * Automatic clock gating and compute-dependent cycle time can save dynamic power and increase throughput by optimizing for average-case workload characteristics instead of worst-case. Cons * Delay insensitive encodings generally require twice as many wires for the same data. * Communication protocols and encodings generally require twice as many devices for the same functionality. Chips QDI circuits have been used to manufacture a large number of research chips, a small selection of which follows. * Caltech's asynchronous microprocessor * Tokyo University's TITAC and TITAC-2 processors Theory T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speed Independent
In digital logic design, an asynchronous circuit is quasi delay-insensitive (QDI) when it operates correctly, independent of gate and wire delay with the weakest exception necessary to be turing-complete. Overview Pros * Robust to process variation, temperature fluctuation, circuit redesign, and FPGA remapping. * Natural event sequencing facilitates complex control circuitry. * Automatic clock gating and compute-dependent cycle time can save dynamic power and increase throughput by optimizing for average-case workload characteristics instead of worst-case. Cons * Delay insensitive encodings generally require twice as many wires for the same data. * Communication protocols and encodings generally require twice as many devices for the same functionality. Chips QDI circuits have been used to manufacture a large number of research chips, a small selection of which follows. * Caltech's asynchronous microprocessor * Tokyo University's TITAC and TITAC-2 processors Theory T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theory Of Regions
The Theory of regions is an approach for synthesizing a Petri net from a transition system. As such, it aims at recovering concurrent, independent behavior from transitions between global states. Theory of regions handles elementary net systems as well as P/T nets and other kinds of nets. An important point is that the approach is aimed at the synthesis of unlabeled Petri nets only. Definition A region of a transition system (S, \Lambda, \rightarrow) is a mapping assigning to each state s \in S a number \sigma(s) (natural number for P/T nets, binary Binary may refer to: Science and technology Mathematics * Binary number, a representation of numbers using only two digits (0 and 1) * Binary function, a function that takes two arguments * Binary operation, a mathematical operation that ta ... for ENS) and to each transition label a number \tau(\ell) such that consistency conditions \sigma(s') = \sigma(s) + \tau(\ell) holds whenever (s,\ell,s') \in \rightarrow. Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petri Net Unfoldings
Analysis of Petri nets can be performed by means of constructing either reachable state spaces (or reachable markings) or via the process of graph-based unfolding. The prefix of a Petri net unfolding, which is an acyclic Petri net graph, contains the same information about the properties of the Petri net as the reachability graph, plus it contains information about sequence, concurrency and conflict relations between Petri net transitions and Petri net places. The advantages of the use of unfolding in practice are typically associated with the fact that the unfolding prefix is much more compact than the reachability graph of the Petri net being analysed. Petri net unfoldings were originally introduced by Ken McMillan. Later they were studied by several authors, who improved the original criterion for producing the prefix of the unfolding in terms of its compactness and hence efficient analysis. There are applications of Petri net unfoldings in the analysis and synthesis of concurr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Molnar
Charles Edwin Molnar (1935–1996) was a co-developer of one of the first minicomputers, the LINC (Laboratory Instrument Computer), while a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1962. His collaborator was Wesley A. Clark. The LINC originated decades before the advent of the personal computer. Its development was the result of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) program that placed 20 copies of an early LINC prototype in selected biomedical research laboratories nationwide. Later, the LINC was produced in greater numbers by Digital Equipment Corporation and other computer manufacturers. Later he was on the faculty of Washington University in St. Louis. Charlie Molnar was also well known as a pioneer in the modeling of the auditory system, especially numerical models of the function of the cochlea (the inner ear). When he died in 1996, he was working at Sun Microsystems on asynchronous circuits with Ivan Sutherland. Molnar received a bachelor's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Sutherland
Ivan Edward Sutherland (born May 16, 1938) is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer, widely regarded as a pioneer of computer graphics. His early work in computer graphics as well as his teaching with David C. Evans in that subject at the University of Utah in the 1970s was pioneering in the field. Sutherland, Evans, and their students from that era developed several foundations of modern computer graphics. He received the Turing Award from the Association for Computing Machinery in 1988 for the invention of Sketchpad, an early predecessor to the sort of graphical user interface that has become ubiquitous in personal computers. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, as well as the National Academy of Sciences among many other major awards. In 2012 he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology for "pioneering achievements in the development of computer graphics and interactive interfaces". Biography Sutherland's father was from New Zeal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bob Sproull
Robert Fletcher "Bob" Sproull (born c. 1945) is an American computer scientist, who worked for Oracle Corporation where he was director of Oracle Labs in Burlington, Massachusetts. He is currently an adjunct professor at the College of Information and Computer Sciences, at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Biography While working towards his B.A. in physics at Harvard College in 1967, Sproull met Ivan Sutherland. Together, they worked on head-mounted displays, which led the way for 3-dimensional virtual reality. Sproull received his master's degree in Computer Science from Stanford University in 1970, and Doctorate in Computer Science from Stanford in 1977. Sproull worked as a researcher for Xerox Palo Alto Research Center from December 1973 to August 1977. While at Xerox PARC, he worked on the design of the Alto personal computer, the first laser printers, page description languages and the initial PC-type operating systems. In 1973, Sproull and William M. Newman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newcastle University
Newcastle University (legally the University of Newcastle upon Tyne) is a UK public university, public research university based in Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England. It has overseas campuses in Singapore and Malaysia. The university is a red brick university and a member of the Russell Group, an association of research-intensive UK universities. The university finds its roots in the School of Medicine and Surgery (later the College of Medicine), established in 1834, and the Edward Fenwick Boyd#College of Physical Science, College of Physical Science (later renamed Armstrong College), founded in 1871. These two colleges came to form the larger division of the federal University of Durham, with the Durham Colleges forming the other. The Newcastle colleges merged to form King's College in 1937. In 1963, following an Act of Parliament, King's College became the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. The university subdivides into three faculties: the Faculty of Humanities and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Engineering
Computer engineering (CoE or CpE) is a branch of electrical engineering and computer science that integrates several fields of computer science and electronic engineering required to develop computer hardware and software. Computer engineers not only require training in electronic engineering, software design, and hardware-software integration, but also in software engineering. It uses the techniques and principles of electrical engineering and computer science, but also covers areas such as artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, computer networks, computer architecture and operating systems. Computer engineers are involved in many hardware and software aspects of computing, from the design of individual microcontrollers, microprocessors, personal computers, and supercomputers, to circuit design. This field of engineering not only focuses on how computer systems themselves work, yet it also demands them to integrate into the larger picture. Robots are one of the applicatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordi Cortadella
Jordi Cortadella Fortuny is a Spanish computer scientist specializing in electronic design automation. He is a professor of computer science at the Polytechnic University of Catalonia. Cortadella was elected to the Academia Europaea in 2013. He was named as a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a 501(c)(3) professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering (and associated disciplines) with its corporate office in New York City and its operation ... (IEEE) in 2015 for ''contributions to the design of asynchronous and elastic circuits''. References External linksHome page* Spanish computer scientists Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Catalonia Fellow Members of the IEEE Members of Academia Europaea Living people Year of birth missing (living people) {{Spain-engineer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
