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Shimabara Domain
The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It is associated with Hizen Province in modern-day Saga Prefecture.DF__...,_who_were_''Kirishitan">DF_6-7_of_80/nowiki>">DF__...,_who_were_''Kirishitan_daimyō.html" ;"title="Kirishitan.html" ;"title="DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF ..., who were ''Kirishitan">DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF ..., who were ''Kirishitan daimyō">Kirishitan.html" ;"title="DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF ..., who were ''Kirishitan">DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF ..., who were ''Kirishitan daimyōs'', ruled over Shimabara Domain in the late Muromachi period from Hinoe Castle and Hara Castle. In 1614, the Tokugawa Bakufu banned Christianity and replaced Arima Naozumi with Matsukura Shigemasa. Matsukura, who strictly enforced the prohibition against Christianity with mass executions, also severely raised taxes to pay for the construction of his new Shimabara Castle from 1618 to 1624. This oppression of the peasants was a major factor leading to the Shimabara Rebellion. After the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han System
( ja, 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Han"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 283. or (daimyo domain) served as a system of ''de facto'' administrative divisions of Japan alongside the ''de jure'' provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s. History Pre-Edo period The concept of originated as the personal estates of prominent warriors after the rise of the Kamakura Shogunate in 1185, which also saw the rise of feudalism and the samurai noble warrior class in Japan. This situation existed for 400 years during the Kamakura Shogunate (1185–1333), the brief Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336), and the Ashikaga Shogunate (1336–1573). became increasingly important as ''de facto'' administrative divisions as subsequent Shoguns stripped the Imperial provinces () and their officials of their legal powers. Edo period Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirishitan
The Japanese term , from Portuguese ''cristão'' (cf. Kristang), meaning "Christian", referred to Catholic Christians in Japanese and is used in Japanese texts as a historiographic term for Catholics in Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries. Modern Japanese has several words for "Christian", of which the most common are the noun form キリスト教徒, and also クリスチャン. The Japanese word キリシタン is used primarily in Japanese texts for the early history of Roman Catholicism in Japan, or in relation to '' Kakure Kirishitan'', hidden Christians. However, English sources on histories of Japan generally use the term "Christian" without distinction. Christian missionaries were known as (from the Portuguese word ''padre'', "father" or "priest") Jansen, p. 67 or (from the Portuguese ''irmão'', "brother"). Both the transcriptions 切支丹 and 鬼利死丹 came into use during the Edo Period when Christianity was a forbidden religion. Portuguese ships bega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsudaira Tadakazu
Viscount was the 8th and final ''daimyō'' of Shimabara Domain in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, Japan (modern-day Nagasaki Prefecture). Biography Tadakazu was the 16th son of the Mito Domain Tokugawa Nariaki, and was thus the younger brother of Shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu. In 1861, when the 7th ''daimyō'' of Shimabara, Matsudaira Tadachika died without heir, Tadakazu was selected as his replacement, and was posthumously adopted as his son. He assumed the office of ''daimyō'' on December 16, 1861 and was awarded lower 6th court rank the same day. With increasing anti-shogunal activities on part of Satsuma Domain to the south and Chōshū Domain to the east, and with neighboring Saga Domain showing signs of leaning towards the anti-Tokugawa Alliance, the situation in Shimabara domain was increasingly uncertain. To compound the situation, Tadakazu was ordered by Edo to lead his forces against Chōshū in both the First Chōshū Punitive Expedition of 1864, and Second Chōshū ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsudaira Tadachika
was a Japanese ''fudai daimyō'' of the Edo period. He was highly influential in the Tokugawa shogunate under Shōgun Ieshige.Screech, Timon. (2006). ''Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822'', p. 241 n74. Tadachika served as Kyoto ''shoshidai'' from 1717 through 1724. He was promoted to ''rōjū'' in 1724 when he moved from Kyoto to Edo.Screech, p. 241 n. 76. Notes References * Screech, Timon. (2006). ''Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822''. London: RoutledgeCurzon Routledge () is a British multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanities, behavioural science, education, law, and .... Fudai daimyo Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate Kyoto Shoshidai Rōjū 1661 births 1728 deaths Fujii-Matsudaira clan {{daimyo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakumatsu Period
was the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate ended. Between 1853 and 1867, Japan ended its isolationist foreign policy known as and changed from a feudal Tokugawa shogunate to the modern empire of the Meiji government. The major ideological-political divide during this period was between the pro-imperial nationalists called and the shogunate forces, which included the elite swordsmen. Although these two groups were the most visible powers, many other factions attempted to use the chaos of to seize personal power.Hillsborough, ''page # needed'' Furthermore, there were two other main driving forces for dissent: first, growing resentment on the part of the (or outside lords), and second, growing anti-Western sentiment following the arrival of Matthew C. Perry. The first related to those lords whose predecessors had fought against Tokugawa forces at the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, after which they had been permanently excluded from all powerfu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toda Clan
Toda may refer to: *Toda (surname), a Japanese surname *Queen Toda of Navarre (fl. 885–970) *Toda people *Toda language *Toda Embroidery *Toda lattice *Toda field theory *Oscillator Toda *Toda, Saitama, Japan * TODA Racing, who tune and race vehicles in various racing series, and additionally sell aftermarket parts to automotive enthusiasts *Toda bracket *Toda fibration *Takeoff Distance Available, see Runway#Declared distances *Theatre of Digital Art The Theatre of Digital Art (ToDA) is an exhibition space for digital art and a venue for digital theatre located at Souk Madinat in Jumeirah, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. ToDA was announced in 2019, providing a 1,800 m2 immersive art space, with s ..., Dubai, UAE {{Disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kōriki Clan
The was a ''fudai'' samurai clan which briefly came to prominence during the Sengoku and early Edo period Japan. Kōriki Kiyonaga (1530-1608) was a hereditary retainer of the Tokugawa clan, who served Tokugawa Ieyasu as ''bugyō'' of Sunpu and was made daimyō of Iwatsuki Domain (20,000 ''koku'') in Musashi Province in 1590 after the Tokugawa were transferred to the Kantō region by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. His son, Kōriki Tadafusa (1583–1655) distinguished himself in combat during the Battle of Sekigahara and the Siege of Osaka and was transferred to Hamamatsu Domain (35,000 ''koku'') in Tōtōmi Province in 1619. The clan was then transferred to Shimabara Domain (40,000 ''koku'') in Hizen Province. However, his son Kōriki Takanaga (1604–1676) was dispossessed for bad administration and exiled to Sendai in Mutsu Province in 1668. The clan subsequently sunk into obscurity as a 3,000 ''koku'' ''hatamoto'' clan based initially in Dewa Province, and later in Shimōsa Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Murray (educator)
was an American educator and government adviser in Meiji period Japan. Early life Murray graduated from Union College in 1852.Chamberlain, William Isaac. (1915).''In Memoriam, David Murray,'' p. 15./ref> Educator In 1857-1863, Murray was as principal of The Albany Academy in New York. From 1863 to 1873, he was a professor of mathematics, natural philosophy and astronomy at Rutgers College in New Jersey. Together with George Cook, Murray developed a full science curriculum at Rutgers, and successfully lobbied for Rutgers to be named the state's land grant college. Their 1864-67 surveys established the marine boundary between New York and New Jersey, and their 1872 survey fixed the land boundary between New York and New Jersey. Murray was also responsible for the building of Rutgers' first astronomical observatory, the Daniel S. Schanck Observatory. In 1873, Murray departed Rutgers to become the educational advisor for the Japanese government. After his return, Murray serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shimabara Rebellion
The , also known as the or , was an uprising that occurred in the Shimabara Domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan from 17 December 1637 to 15 April 1638. Matsukura Katsuie, the ''daimyō'' of the Shimabara Domain, enforced unpopular policies set by his father Matsukura Shigemasa that drastically raised taxes to construct the new Shimabara Castle and violently prohibited Christianity. In December 1637, an alliance of local ''rōnin'' and mostly Catholic peasants led by Amakusa Shirō rebelled against the Tokugawa shogunate due to discontent over Katsuie's policies. The Tokugawa Shogunate sent a force of over 125,000 troops supported by the Dutch to suppress the rebels and defeated them after a lengthy siege against their stronghold at Hara Castle in Minamishimabara. Following the successful suppression of the rebellion, Shirō and an estimated 37,000 rebels and sympathizers were executed by beheading, and the Portuguese traders suspected of helping them were expelled fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsukura Shigemasa
was a Japanese feudal lord of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. He held the title of ''Bingo no Kami'' and the Imperial court rank of junior 5th, lower grade (''ju-go i no ge''). Though he began as a retainer of Tsutsui Sadatsugu of Yamato Province, he became a lord in his own right, acquiring the 60,000 koku Shimabara Domain in Kyushu, in 1600. He is most famous for being the lord whose domain was the center of the Shimabara Rebellion of 1638. Early life Matsukura Shigemasa was born in 1574 in Yamato Province, the son of Matsukura ''Ukon'' Shigenobu, a retainer of the Tsutsui clan. However, following the death of Tsutsui Junkei, the Tsutsui clan was moved to Iga Province, and the Matsukura remained in Yamato, coming under the supervision of the Toyotomi clan. In 1600 he fought in the Battle of Sekigahara, and for his merits was awarded lordship of Gojo-Futami Castle by Tokugawa Ieyasu. For his meritorious actions in the Tokugawa army at the Domyoji front of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arima Naozumi
was a Japanese samurai lord who was daimyo of Shimabara Domain and head of the Hizen-Arima clan._ __Biography_ Naozumi_was_born_at_ ">DF__...._ __Biography_ Naozumi_was_born_at_Hinoe_Castle">DF_6-7_of_80/nowiki>">DF__...._ __Biography_ Naozumi_was_born_at_Hinoe_Castle_in_Shimabara,_Nagasaki.html" ;"title="Hinoe_Castle.html" ;"title="DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF .... Biography Naozumi was born at Hinoe Castle">DF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF .... Biography Naozumi was born at Hinoe Castle in Shimabara, Nagasaki">Shimabara, in 1586, the first son of daimyo Arima Harunobu, who was a Kirishitan. He was baptized as Miguel (ミゲル). He was sent by his father to work beside Tokugawa Ieyasu at the age of 15. He married Konishi Yukinaga's niece Marta (マルタ); however, in order to curry favor with Ieyasu, he divorced his Christian wife and married Ieyasu's adopted daughter Kuni-hime in 1610. In 1612, he inherited his father's land valued at 40,000 ''koku'' in Shimabara when his f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokugawa Bakufu
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 978.Nussbaum"''Edo-jidai''"at p. 167. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars of the Sengoku period following the collapse of the Ashikaga shogunate. Ieyasu became the ''shōgun,'' and the Tokugawa clan governed Japan from Edo Castle in the eastern city of Edo (Tokyo) along with the ''daimyō'' lords of the ''samurai'' class.Nussbaum"Tokugawa"at p. 976. The Tokugawa shogunate organized Japanese society under the strict Tokugawa class system and banned most foreigners under the isolationist policies of ''Sakoku'' to promote political stability. The Tokugawa shoguns governed Japan in a feudal system, with each ''daimyō'' administering a ''han'' (feud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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