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Sestii
The gens Sestia () was a minor patrician family at ancient Rome. The only member of this gens to obtain the consulship in the time of the Republic was Publius Sestius Capitolinus Vaticanus, in 452 BC.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 795 ("Sestia Gens"). Origin The nomen ''Sestius'' is sometimes confused with that of '' Sextius'', and these families may in fact share a common origin; but Roman writers considered them distinct gentes. If ''Sestius'' and ''Sextius'' are two forms of the same name, then ''Sestius'' is probably a patronymic surname, based on the common praenomen ''Sextus'', meaning "sixth". The same name gave rise to the plebeian gens Sextilia. The plebeian Sestii known from the later Republic may have been descendants of freedmen, or of Sestii who relinquished their patrician status. Praenomina The main praenomina used by the Sestii included '' Publius'', ''Lucius'', '' Vibius'', and ''Titus''. The Sestii are the only patr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publius Sestius Capitolinus Vaticanus
Publius Sestius Capitolinus Vaticanus ( 452–451 BC) was a Roman politician in the 5th century BC, consul in 452 BC and decemvir in 451 BC. Family He was a member of the ''Gens Sestii''. He was the son of Quintus and his complete name is ''Publius Sestius Q.f. Vibi.n. Capitolinus Vaticanus''. Livy gives the form ''Sextius'' then ''Sestius''. Dionysius of Halicarnassus uses the form ''Siccius''. His ''cognomen'' ''Capitolinus'' is not certain - we also see ''Capito'' being used. He was the only member of his family to attain the rank of consul. Biography Consulship In 452 BC, he was consul with Titus Menenius Lanatus. During their consulship, the delegates left to study Greek law in Athens. After returning to Rome, the tribunes of the plebs called together officials to create a commission to write the law down. Publius Sestius supported this proposition, contrary to his colleague Titus Menenius, who pondered the question before falling ill - then was rendered inactive until th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Sestius Quirinalis Albinianus
Lucius Sestius Albanianus Quirinalis ( 43–23 BC) was an aristocrat of the late Roman Republic. Although having Republican tendencies, Augustus appointed him suffect consul in 23 BC to fill his role. Life Sestius was a son of Publius Sestius and the daughter of one Gaius Albanius. Although Horace made him the subject of one of his odes (I.4), Ronald Syme explains it was simply to "indicate the publication year of the first three books" of his odes.Syme, ''Aristocracy'', p. 383 Syme notes although Sestius served as a proquaestor of Marcus Junius Brutus, "he leaves no trace of either proper rank or capacity for the supreme magistracy" and opines that "Sestius may have been leading a life of tranquil leisure." If so, then this may indicate that Sestius had an aversion to public life, one of the characteristics of an Epicurean. This aversion to public life would make him a safe choice to serve as a consul; the following year Lucius Licinius Varro Murena, brother of Aulus Terenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vibius (praenomen)
Vibius is a Latin ''praenomen'', or personal name, which was occasionally used throughout the period of the Roman Republic and perhaps into imperial times. It gave rise to the patronymic ''gens Vibia''. The feminine form is ''Vibia''. As a praenomen, it was usually abbreviated V.''Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology''''Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft'' Although never especially common, the praenomen Vibius appears in a number of Roman families, including the ''gentes Anicia, Curia, Octavia, Oppia, Sestia, Sextia'', and '' Vedia''. The Sestii are the only patrician family known to have used the name, which, like many other praenomina, appears to have been more common in the countryside than at Rome. Origin and meaning of the name Vibius appears to belong to that class of praenomina which was common to Latin, Oscan, and Umbrian. Chase cites a number of examples, mostly from Oscan and Umbrian families, and clearly the name was more common i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sextia Gens
The gens Sextia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, from the time of the early Republic and continuing into imperial times. The most famous member of the gens was Lucius Sextius Lateranus, who as tribune of the plebs from 376 to 367 BC, prevented the election of the annual magistrates, until the passage of the ''lex Licinia Sextia'', otherwise known as the "Licinian Rogations," in the latter year. This law, brought forward by Sextius and his colleague, Gaius Licinius Calvus, opened the consulship to the plebeians, and in the following year Sextius was elected the first plebeian consul. Despite the antiquity of the family, only one other member obtained the consulship during the time of the Republic. Their name occurs more often in the consular fasti under the Empire.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 810 ("Sextia Gens").Livy, vi. 34–42. Origin The nomen ''Sextius'' is a patronymic surname, derived from the praenomen ''Sextus'', meani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faustus (praenomen)
Faustus ( or occasionally ) is a Latin ''praenomen'', or personal name. It was never particularly common at Rome, but may have been used more frequently in the countryside. The feminine form is ''Fausta''. The name was not usually abbreviated, but is occasionally found abbreviated F. During the period of the Roman Empire, it was widely used as a ''cognomen'', or surname. As the Roman nomenclature system began to break down towards the end of the Western Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries, Faustus once again became a personal name, and it has survived into modern times.''Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft''Mika Kajava, ''Roman Female Praenomina: Studies in the Nomenclature of Roman Women'' (1994) The best-known examples of this praenomen are from the family of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who in 81 B.C. named his twin children '' Faustus'' and ''Fausta''. The name continued to be used regularly by his descendants over the next two centuries. Other ''gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publius Sestius
Publius Sestius (d. after 35 BC) was a Roman politician and governor in the 1st century BC. He first appears as quaestor for the consul Gaius Antonius Hybrida and served in the campaign to put down the second Catilinarian conspiracy. He served a proquaestorship in Macedonia from 62–61 BC. He was elected as one of the tribunes of the plebs for 57 BC. During his year as tribune, he worked to have Cicero recalled from exile, combatted – with Titus Annius Milo – the urban mobs of Publius Clodius Pulcher, and also attempted to disrupt Clodius' election as aedile in that year. He was Cicero's friend and ally; Cicero later defended him in ''Pro Sestio'' on charges of public violence in 56 BC. He also had served as praetor by 54 or 50 BC, though likely in 54 BC. Upon the outbreak of Caesar's Civil War he joined Pompey, becoming the governor of Cilicia probably with the rank of proconsul. Marcus Junius Brutus accompanied him to the province. After the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agnomen
An ''agnomen'' (; plural: ''agnomina''), in the Roman naming convention, was a nickname, just as the ''cognomen'' was initially. However, the ''cognomina'' eventually became family names, so ''agnomina'' were needed to distinguish between similarly named persons. However, as the ''agnomen'' was an additional and optional component in a Roman name, not all Romans had an ''agnomen'' (at least not one that is recorded). Pseudo-Probus uses the hero of the Punic Wars, Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, as an example: Marius Victorinus further elucidates: Africanus, Creticus and the likes are also known as victory titles. For example, Gaius Marcius Coriolanus earned his from the capture of Corioli. Etymology Latin ''agnōmen'' (also spelled ) comes from ''ad'' "to" and ''nōmen'' "name". Caligula As a minimum, a Roman ''agnomen'' is a name attached to an individual's full titulature after birth and formal naming by the family. True Roman nicknames, fully replacing the individu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fasti Capitolini
The ''Fasti Capitolini'', or Capitoline Fasti, are a list of the chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, extending from the early fifth century BC down to the reign of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Together with similar lists found at Rome and elsewhere, they form part of a chronology referred to as the ''Fasti Annales'', ''Fasti Consulares'', or ''Consular Fasti'', or occasionally just the ''fasti''.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities'', p. 523 ("Fasti Annales"). The Capitoline Fasti were originally engraved on marble tablets erected in the Roman forum. The main portions were discovered in a fragmentary condition, and removed from the forum in 1546, as ancient structures were dismantled to produce material for the construction of St. Peter's Basilica. They were brought to the Palazzo dei Conservatori on the adjacent Capitoline Hill, where they remain as part of the collection of the Capitoline Museums, together with other Roman antiquities.''Harper's Dictionary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribune Of The Plebs
Tribune of the plebs, tribune of the people or plebeian tribune ( la, tribunus plebis) was the first office of the Roman Republic, Roman state that was open to the plebs, plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most important check on the power of the Roman Senate and Roman magistrate, magistrates. These tribunes had the power to convene and preside over the ''Plebeian Council, Concilium Plebis'' (people's assembly); to summon the senate; to propose legislation; and to intervene on behalf of plebeians in legal matters; but the most significant power was to veto the actions of the Roman consul, consuls and other magistrates, thus protecting the interests of the plebeians as a class. The tribunes of the plebs were sacrosanct, meaning that any assault on their person was punishable by death. In Roman Empire, imperial times, the powers of the tribunate were granted to the Roman emperor, emperor as a matter of course, and the office itself lost its independence a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capitoline Fasti
The ''Fasti Capitolini'', or Capitoline Fasti, are a list of the chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, extending from the early fifth century BC down to the reign of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Together with similar lists found at Rome and elsewhere, they form part of a chronology referred to as the ''Fasti Annales'', ''Fasti Consulares'', or ''Consular Fasti'', or occasionally just the ''fasti''.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities'', p. 523 ("Fasti Annales"). The Capitoline Fasti were originally engraved on marble tablets erected in the Roman forum. The main portions were discovered in a fragmentary condition, and removed from the forum in 1546, as ancient structures were dismantled to produce material for the construction of St. Peter's Basilica. They were brought to the Palazzo dei Conservatori on the adjacent Capitoline Hill, where they remain as part of the collection of the Capitoline Museums, together with other Roman antiquities.''Harper's Dictionary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics, and he is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC. His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quaestor
A ( , , ; "investigator") was a public official in Ancient Rome. There were various types of quaestors, with the title used to describe greatly different offices at different times. In the Roman Republic, quaestors were elected officials who supervised the state treasury and conducted audits. When assigned to provincial governors, the duties were mainly administrative and logistical, but also could expand to encompass military leadership and command. It was the lowest ranking position in the ' (course of offices); by the first century BC, one had to have been quaestor to be eligible for any other posts. In the Roman Empire, the position initially remained as assistants to the magistrates with financial duties in the provinces, but over time, it faded away in the face of the expanding imperial bureaucracy. A position with a similar name (the ') emerged during the Constantinian period with judicial responsibilities. Etymology ''Quaestor'' derives from the Latin verb ', ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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