Scour Rate
Scour may refer to: Hydrodynamic processes * Hydrodynamic scour, the removal of sediment such as sand and silt from around an object * Bridge scour, erosion of soil around at the base of a bridge pier or abutments via the flow of air, ice, or water * Ice scour or ice gouge, a drifting ice feature that scrapes the seabed * Tidal scour, erosion of substrate via tidal forces Other * Scour (band), an American black metal band * Scour Inc., a multimedia search engine * Scouring (textiles), Scouring, cleaning wool of lanolin, vegetable matter, and other contaminants, prior to use * Scours, a term for diarrhea Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin wi ...

Hydrodynamic Scour
Hydrodynamic scour is the removal of sediment such as silt, sand and gravel from around the base of obstructions to the flow in the sea, rivers and canals. Scour, caused by fast flowing water, can carve out scour holes, compromising the integrity of a structure. It is an interaction between the hydrodynamics and the geotechnical properties of the substrate. It is a notable cause of Bridge scour, bridge failure and a problem with most marine structures supported by the seabed in areas of significant Tidal scour, tidal and ocean current. It can also affect biological ecosystems and heritage assets. Mechanism file:Kolkschema.svg, lang=en, upright=1.3, Mechanism of formation, alt=sketch Any obstruction within flowing water will produce changes in velocity within the water column. The flow changes that occur in the vicinity of the substrate may cause differential movement in the bed materials near the obstruction. The magnitude of these changes varies with stream velocity, feature sha ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Bridge Scour
Bridge scour is the removal of sediment such as sand and gravel from around bridge abutments or piers. Hydrodynamic scour, caused by fast flowing water, can carve out ''scour holes'', compromising the integrity of a structure. In the United States, bridge scour is one of the three main causes of bridge failure (the others being collision and overloading). It has been estimated that 60% of all bridge failures result from scour and other hydraulic-related causes.Mark N. LandersBridge Scour Data Management Published in ''Hydraulic Engineering: Saving a Threatened Resource—In Search of Solutions: Proceedings of the Hydraulic Engineering sessions at Water Forum ’92.'' Baltimore, Maryland, August 2–6, 1992. Published by American Society of Civil Engineers. It is the most common cause of highway bridge failure in the United States,
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Seabed Gouging By Ice
Seabed gouging by ice is a process that occurs when floating ice features (typically icebergs and Pressure ridge (ice), sea ice ridges) drift into shallower areas and their keel comes into contact with the seabed.King 2011Palmer & Been 2011Barrette 2011 As they keep drifting, they produce long, narrow furrows most often called ''gouges'', or ''scours''.Wadhams 2000, p. 72Weeks 2010, Ch. 13 This phenomenon is common in offshore environments where ice is known to exist. Although it also occurs in rivers and lakes,Noble and Comfort 1982Grass 1984 it appears to be better documented from oceans and sea expanses.Palmer & Been 2011Wadhams 2000, p. 72Weeks 2010, Ch. 13 Seabed scours produced via this mechanism should not be confused with Strudel (ice)#Strudel scours, strudel scours. These result from spring run-off water flowing onto the surface of a given sea ice expanse, which eventually drains away through cracks, seal breathing holes, etc. The resulting turbulence ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Tidal Scour
Tidal scour is “sea-floor erosion caused by strong tidal currents resulting in the removal of inshore sediments and formation of deep holes and channels”. Examples of this hydrological process can be found globally. Two locations in the United States where tidal scour is the predominant shaping force is the San Francisco Bay and the Elkhorn Slough.Silberstein 1989 M, Campbell E. 1989. Elkhorn Slough. Monterey, CA: Monterey Bay Aquarium. 64 p. Tidal force can also contribute to bridge scour. Historical Perspective and Relevance Research on tidal scour is largely centered at Elkhorn Slough in California. The slough was directly exposed to tidal flux beginning in 1947 with the creation of the Moss Landing Harbor. Multiple studies have been done on the slough since tidal exposure to catalog the morphological change and determine how long it will take for the system to reach equilibrium. Formation Tidal Scours are formed in tide-dominated deltas and estuaries with the changing ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Scour (band)
Philip Hansen Anselmo (born June 30, 1968) is an American heavy metal vocalist best known as the lead singer for Pantera, Down, and Superjoint, amongst other musical projects. He is the owner of Housecore Records. Anselmo is regarded as one of the greatest frontmen in metal history, known for being particularly animated and donning a machismo attitude that became emblematic of the general theme of Pantera. Earlier in his career with the band, Anselmo took considerable inspiration from heavy metal vocalists such as Rob Halford, singing in full head voice. However, he later became recognized for introducing a more guttural approach to the vocals. Early life Anselmo was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, and is of Danish, Additional January 6, 2017. Article title and subtitle Danish, interview English. Italian and French heritage. He attended many schools across Louisiana and Texas, the last of which was Grace King High School in the New Orleans suburb of Metairie, which he d ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Scour Inc
Scour may refer to: Hydrodynamic processes * Hydrodynamic scour, the removal of sediment such as sand and silt from around an object * Bridge scour, erosion of soil around at the base of a bridge pier or abutments via the flow of air, ice, or water * Ice scour or ice gouge, a drifting ice feature that scrapes the seabed * Tidal scour, erosion of substrate via tidal forces Other * Scour (band), an American black metal band * Scour Inc., a multimedia search engine * Scouring (textiles), Scouring, cleaning wool of lanolin, vegetable matter, and other contaminants, prior to use * Scours, a term for diarrhea Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin wi ...

Scouring (textiles)
Scouring is a preparatory treatment of certain textile materials. Scouring removes soluble and insoluble impurities found in textiles as natural, added and adventitious impurities, for example, oils, waxes, fats, vegetable matter, as well as dirt. Removing these contaminants through scouring prepares the textiles for subsequent processes such as bleaching and dyeing. Though a general term, "scouring" is most often used for wool. In cotton, it is synonymously called "boiling out," and in silk, and "boiling off." Purpose of scouring Scouring is an essential pre-treatment for the subsequent finishing stages that include bleaching, dyeing, and printing. Raw and unfinished textiles contain a significant amount of impurities, both natural and foreign. It is necessary to eliminate these impurities to make the products ready for later steps in textile manufacturing. For instance, fatty substances and waxy matters are the major barriers in the hydrophilicity of the natural fibers. ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Wool
Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have properties similar to animal wool. As an animal fibre, wool consists of protein together with a small percentage of lipids. This makes it chemically quite distinct from cotton and other plant fibres, which are mainly cellulose. Characteristics Wool is produced by follicles which are small cells located in the skin. These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis and push down into the second skin layer called the dermis as the wool fibers grow. Follicles can be classed as either primary or secondary follicles. Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers, and true wool fibers. Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers. Medullated fibers share nearly identical characteristics to hair and are long but lack c ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]