|
Samooidea
Samooidea is a large superfamily in the Grassatores group of harvestmen. It includes around 380 species distributed throughout the tropics. They are characterized by the complex male genitalia, with eversible complementary sclerites. The Samooidea are closely related to Zalmoxoidea, although the exact relationships are not yet understood. Families included * Biantidae Thorell, 1889 * Escadabiidae Kury & Pérez, 2003 * Kimulidae Pérez, Kury & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2007 * Podoctidae Roewer, 1912 * Samoidae Samoidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about fifty described species. (2007): Samoidae. Sørensen, 1886. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 224ff Description The body length of members of this family ranges from ab ... Sørensen, 1886 * Stygnommatidae Roewer, 1923 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q678959 Harvestmen Arachnid superfamilies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podoctidae
Podoctidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about 130 described species. (2007): Podoctidae Roewer, 1912. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 221ff Description Body length ranges from 2.5 to 5 millimeters, with leg length ranging from three to almost thirty mm. While most species are brown to yellow, some are deep green. The legs may be ringed in black and yellow. The penis is uniquely built. Distribution Most species occur in Southeast Asia, especially in New Guinea. Others are found in Melanesia, Micronesia, Japan, India and Sri Lanka, Madagascar, the Seychelles and Mauritius, and central Africa. ''Ibantila cubana'' was introduced in a botanical garden in Cuba. Although one Podoctidae was described from Brazil in 1938, it was later transferred to Triaenonychidae. The oldest known member of the family is '' Burmalomanius'' from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar. Relationships Although Podoctidae are currently included in Samooidea, and are su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biantidae
Biantidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about 130 described species. (2007): Biantidae Thorell, 1889. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 176ff Description Biantidae are between 1.5 and 5.5 millimeters long, with legs ranging from three to 25 mm and enlarged, armed pedipalps. Many species are mahogany, many others yellow with dark mottling. Distribution Biantidae have radiated greatly on the Indian subcontinent and Madagascar (which was once connected to India), with many other species from mainland Africa. One subfamily however, the Stenostygninae, is found on the West Indies, with one described species from mainland northern South America. Relationships Biantidae are included in the superfamily Samooidea, which mainly radiated in South America. Name The type genus is named after Biantes, the son of Parthenopaeus, one of the Epigoni who marched against Thebes in Greek mythology. Genera For a list of all described species, see the List of Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samoidae
Samoidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about fifty described species. (2007): Samoidae. Sørensen, 1886. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 224ff Description The body length of members of this family ranges from about two to almost six millimeters. They are dull light brown to yellow or green yellow with darker mottling, and sometimes dark brown. Distribution Samoidae from Polynesia, Melanesia, Australia, Mexico, the West Indies and Venezuela are all remarkably similar, while the species from Africa, Madagascar, Seychelles and Indonesia do at least in part not belong to this family. Relationships The relationship with other families in the Samooidea is not yet understood. Name The name of the type genus is derived from the type locality Samoa. Species * '' Akdalima'' Silhavy, 1977 :* '' Akdalima jamaicana'' V. Silhavy, 1979 — Jamaica :* '' Akdalima vomeroi'' Silhavy, 1977 — Mexico * '' Arganotus'' Silhavy, 1977 :* '' Arganotus macrochelis'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygnommatidae
Stygnommatidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species. (2007): Stygnommatidae. Roewer, 1923. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 229ff Description Stygnommatidae range from three to six millimeters in body length. Some species have chelicerae that effectively double their length. The pedipalps are strong, enlarged and armed. The legs are relatively short. These harvestmen dwell in litter, with some species found in caves. Distribution Members of this family are found in the neotropics from Mexico to Brazil. Some species are found in southern Florida and others in Indonesia and Malaysia, but it is not sure that these belong into this family. Relationships The monophyly of this family is disputed. Its closest relatives within the Samooidea are Samoidae, Biantidae and Podoctidae. Name The name of the type genus is combined from the genus name '' Stygnus'' and Ancient Greek ''omma'' "eye", referring to the eyes th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grassatores
The Grassatores are the most diverse infraorder of the Laniatores. It includes over 3,500 species distributed mainly in the tropicsKury, A.B.(2003). Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). '' Revista Ibérica de Aracnología'', vol. especial monográfico 1: 1-337. They are characterized by the male genitalia without musculature, operated by hydraulic pressure and by the double tarsal claws of posterior legs. Superfamilies * Assamioidea Sørensen, 1886 * Phalangodoidea Simon, 1879 * Samooidea Samooidea is a large superfamily in the Grassatores group of harvestmen. It includes around 380 species distributed throughout the tropics. They are characterized by the complex male genitalia, with eversible complementary sclerites. The Samooid ... Sørensen, 1886 * Zalmoxoidea Sørensen, 1886 * Gonyleptoidea Sundevall, 1833 References External linksClassification of OpilionesA synoptic taxonomic arrangement of the order Opiliones, down to f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opiliones
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014. Representatives of each extant suborder can be found on all continents except Antarctica. Well-preserved fossils have been found in the 400-million-year-old Rhynie cherts of Scotland, and 305-million-year-old rocks in France. These fossils look surprisingly modern, indicating that their basic body shape developed very early on, and, at least in some taxa, has changed little since that time. Their phylogenetic position within the Arachnida is disputed; their closest relatives may be the mites (Acari) or the Novogenuata (the Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, and Solifugae). Althou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escadabiidae
Escadabiidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with six described species. (2007): Escadabiidae Kury & Pérez in Kury, 2003. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 191ff Description Escadabiidae are about three millimeters long, with short legs and weak chelicerae. Distribution All known members of this group are endemic to Brazil. The as yet undescribed species in this family expand the range to the coast of Ceará State and caves in the dry central part of Minas Gerais, where the cave-dwelling species could represent an example of relictual distribution. Relationships Escadabiidae are possibly the sister group to Kimulidae. Name The name of the type genus ''Escadabius'' is combined from the type locality Escada (Pernambuco, Brazil) and Ancient Greek ''bios'' "living". Species * '' Baculigerus'' H. E. M. Soares, 1979 ** '' Baculigerus litoris'' H. E. M. Soares, 1979 * '' Escadabius'' Roewer, 1949 ** '' Escadabius schubarti'' Roewer, 1949 ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimulidae
Kimulidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species. (2007): Kimulidae. Kury & Pérez in Kury, 2003. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 207ff Description These brown harvestmen dwell in soil and litter. Distribution Whereas most species occur in Venezuela, Colombia and the West Indies, the isolated species ''Tegipiolus pachypus'' (which was formerly in Zalmoxidae) is found in northeastern Brazil. This species also differs from the others morphologically. Another Brazilian species, ''Microminua soerenseni'' Rio de Janeiro, does not belong to this family.Kury 2003 Relationships Kimulidae are probably closely related to Escadabiidae. Name This family was originally called Minuidae, but as the name of the type genus proved invalid, the family name needed a replacement. Species * '' Acanthominua'' Sørensen, 1932 :* '' Acanthominua tricarinata'' Sørensen, 1932 — Venezuela * '' Euminua'' Sørensen, 1932 :* '' Eum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvestmen
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014. Representatives of each extant suborder can be found on all continents except Antarctica. Well-preserved fossils have been found in the 400-million-year-old Rhynie cherts of Scotland, and 305-million-year-old rocks in France. These fossils look surprisingly modern, indicating that their basic body shape developed very early on, and, at least in some taxa, has changed little since that time. Their phylogenetic position within the Arachnida is disputed; their closest relatives may be the mites (Acari) or the Novogenuata (the Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, and Solifugae). Altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Sørensen
William is a masculine given name of Norman French origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Liam, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the German given name ''Wilhelm''. Both ultimately descend from Proto-Germanic ''*Wiljahelmaz'', with a direct cognate also in the Old Norse name ''Vilhjalmr'' and a West Germanic borrowing into Medieval Latin ''Willelmus''. The Proto-Germanic name is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerite
A sclerite (Greek , ', meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly to the hardened parts of arthropod exoskeletons and the internal spicules of invertebrates such as certain sponges and soft corals. In paleontology, a scleritome is the complete set of sclerites of an organism, often all that is known from fossil invertebrates. Sclerites in combination Sclerites may occur practically isolated in an organism, such as the sting of a cone shell. Also, they can be more or less scattered, such as tufts of defensive sharp, mineralised bristles as in many marine Polychaetes. Or, they can occur as structured, but unconnected or loosely connected arrays, such as the mineral "teeth" in the radula of many Mollusca, the valves of Chitons, the beak of Cephalopod, or the articulated exoskeletons of Arthropoda. When ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Opiliones")
