Stolidobranchia
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Stolidobranchia
Stolidobranchia is an order of tunicates in the class Ascidiacea.Lambert, G.; Gittenberger, A.; Sanamyan, K. (2015)Stolidobranchia.In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-23 The group includes both colonial and solitary animals. They are distinguished from other tunicates by the presence of folded pharyngeal baskets. This provides the etymology of their name: in ancient Greek, means the "fold" of a cloth. Stolidobranchian sea squirts are also characterized by the complete absence of an abdomen. The abdominal organs of other tunicates are instead located to one side of the pharyngeal basket in this group. Taxonomy *Molgulidae Lacaze-Duthiers 1877 exacrobylidae Seeliger 1906; Caesiridae**''Anomopera'' Hartmeyer, 1923 **''Asajirus'' Kott, 1989 'Hexadactylus'' Monniot & Monniot 1990**''Bostrichobranchus'' Traustedt, 1883 * ...
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Halocynthia Roretzi
The sea pineapple (''Halocynthia roretzi'') is an edible ascidian (sea squirt) consumed primarily in Korea, where it is known as ''meongge'' (멍게), and to a lesser extent in Japan, where it is known as or . Sea pineapples are known for both their peculiar appearance, described by journalist Nick Tosches as "something that could exist only in a purely hallucinatory eco-system" and their peculiar taste, described as "something like iodine" and "rubber dipped in ammonia". However, aficionados claim that the taste is well suited to serving with sake. The flavor has been attributed to an unsaturated alcohol called cynthiaol, which is present in minute quantities. Sea pineapples live in shallow water, usually attached to rocks and artificial structures, an example of marine biofouling. ''Halocynthia roretzi'' is adapted to cold water: it can survive in water temperatures between , but optimum temperature is around . Aquaculture of sea pineapples first succeeded in 1982, when 39 m ...
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Minipera
''Minipera'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Molgulidae. Species within the genus ''Minipera'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Minipera'' Monniot & Monniot, 1974 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * ''Minipera macquariensis'' Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 1999 * ''Minipera papillosa'' Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1974 * ''Minipera pedunculata'' Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1974 * ''Minipera tacita ''Minipera'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Molgulidae. Species within the genus ''Minipera'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Minipera'' Monniot & Monniot, 1974 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da ...'' Monniot & Monniot, 1985 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Ctenyura
''Ctenyura'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Ctenyura'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Ctenyura'' Van Name, 1918 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * ''Ctenyura comma'' (Hartmeyer, 1906) * ''Ctenyura intermedia'' Van Name, 1918 * ''Ctenyura tetraplexa'' Kott, 1985 * ''Ctenyura tortuosa ''Ctenyura'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Ctenyura'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Ctenyura'' Van Name, 1918 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; ...'' Kott, 1985 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Cratostigma
''Cratostigma'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Cratostigma'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Cratostigma'' Monniot & Monniot, 1961 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Cratostigma campoyi'' Ramos, Turon & Lafargue, 1988 * ''Cratostigma gravellophila ''Cratostigma'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae Pyuridae is a family of tunicates.Gittenberger, A.; Sanamyan, K. (2015)Pyuridae.In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J. ...'' (Pérès, 1955) * '' Cratostigma intermedia'' Vazquez & Ramos-Espla, 1993 * '' Cratostigma regularis'' Monniot C., 1963 * '' Cratostigma simplex'' Millar, 1982 * '' Cratostigma singularis'' (Van Name, 1912) * '' Cratostigma vestigialis'' Turon, 1988 Reference ...
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Claudenus
''Claudenus'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Claudenus'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Claudenus'' Kott, 1998 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * ''Claudenus antipodus'' (Kott, 1972) Species names currently considered to be synonyms: * ''Claudenus antipoda'' (Kott, 1972): synonym of ''Claudenus antipodus'' (Kott, 1972) * ''Claudenus appendiculata'' (Heller, 1877): synonym of ''Molgula appendiculata ''Molgula'', or sea grapes, are very common, globular, individual marine tunicates roughly the size of grapes.Sanamyan, K.; Monniot, C. (2012). Molgula Forbes, 1848. In: Noa Shenkar, Arjan Gittenberger, Gretchen Lambert, Marc Rius, Rosana Moreira ...'' Heller, 1877 References

Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Bolteniopsis
''Bolteniopsis'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Bolteniopsis'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Bolteniopsis'' Harant, 1927 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * ''Bolteniopsis pacificus'' Monniot, 1989 * ''Bolteniopsis perlucidus'' Monniot & Monniot, 1985 * ''Bolteniopsis prenanti'' Harant, 1927 * ''Bolteniopsis sessilis ''Bolteniopsis'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Bolteniopsis'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Bolteniopsis'' Harant, 1927 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Ro ...'' Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1970 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Boltenia
''Boltenia'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Boltenia'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Boltenia'' Savigny, 1816 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Boltenia africana'' Millar, 1962 * '' Boltenia echinata'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * '' Boltenia hirta'' Monniot & Monniot, 1977 * '' Boltenia iburi'' (Oka, 1934) * '' Boltenia ovifera'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * '' Boltenia pilosa'' (Millar, 1955) * '' Boltenia polyplacoderma'' Lambert, 1993 * '' Boltenia transversaria'' (Sluiter, 1904) * '' Boltenia villosa'' (Stimpson, 1864) * '' Boltenia yossiloya'' Shenkar & Lambert, 2010 Species names currently considered to be synonyms: * ''Boltenia antarctica'' Beneden & Selys-Longchamps, 1913: synonym of '' Pyura georgiana'' (Michaelsen, 1898) * ''Boltenia arctica'' (Hartmeyer, ...
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Bathypyura
''Bathypyura'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae Pyuridae is a family of tunicates.Gittenberger, A.; Sanamyan, K. (2015)Pyuridae.In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Regis .... Species within the genus ''Bathypyura'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Bathypyura'' Monniot & Monniot, 1973 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Bathypyura asymetrica'' Monniot, 1971 * '' Bathypyura celata'' Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1973 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Bathypera
''Bathypera'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Bathypera'' include:Shenkar, N.; Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Bathypera'' Michaelsen, 1904 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * ''Bathypera feminalba'' Young & Vazquez, 1995 * ''Bathypera goreaui'' Millar & Goodbody, 1974 * ''Bathypera hastaefera ''Bathypera'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Pyuridae. Species within the genus ''Bathypera'' include:Shenkar, N.; Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Bathypera'' Michaelsen, 1904 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Morei ...'' Vinogradova, 1962 * '' Bathypera ovoida'' (Ritter, 1907) * '' Bathypera splendens'' (Michaelsen, 1904) References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Rhizomolgula
''Rhizomolgula'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Molgulidae Molgulidae is a Family (biology), family of tunicates in the Class (biology), class Ascidiacea. Following a revision in 2007, the family Hexacrobylidae was synonymized with Molgulidae. Genera The World Register of Marine Species lists the follo .... Species within the genus ''Rhizomolgula'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Rhizomolgula'' Ritter, 1901 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Rhizomolgula globularis'' (Pallas, 1776) * '' Rhizomolgula japonica'' Oka, 1926 Species names currently considered to be synonyms: * ''Rhizomolgula arenaria'' Ritter, 1901: synonym of '' Rhizomolgula globularis'' (Pallas, 1776) * ''Rhizomolgula gigantea'' Redikorzev, 1907: synonym of '' Rhizomolgula globularis'' (Pallas, 1776) * ''Rhizomolgula interm ...
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Protomolgula
''Protomolgula'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Molgulidae Molgulidae is a Family (biology), family of tunicates in the Class (biology), class Ascidiacea. Following a revision in 2007, the family Hexacrobylidae was synonymized with Molgulidae. Genera The World Register of Marine Species lists the follo .... Species within the genus ''Protomolgula'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Protomolgula'' Monniot, 1971 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Protomolgula bythia'' Monniot F., 1971 * '' Protomolgula cornuta'' Monniot & Monniot, 1991 * '' Protomolgula triangularis'' Millar, 1982 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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Namiella
''Namiella'' is a genus of ascidian tunicates in the family Molgulidae Molgulidae is a Family (biology), family of tunicates in the Class (biology), class Ascidiacea. Following a revision in 2007, the family Hexacrobylidae was synonymized with Molgulidae. Genera The World Register of Marine Species lists the follo .... Species within the genus ''Namiella'' include:Sanamyan, K. (2015)''Namiella'' Monniot & Monniot, 1968 .In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2015) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-29. * '' Namiella bistigmata'' Monniot & Monniot, 1968 References Stolidobranchia Tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ...
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