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Soybean Diseases
Soybean plants (''Glycine max'') are subject to a variety of diseases and pests. Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Viral diseases See also * Soybean management practices References Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society {{Soy Soybean The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu an ... Pulse crop diseases Soybean diseases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soybean
The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu and tofu skin are made. Fermented soy foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, nattō, and tempeh. Fat-free (defatted) soybean meal is a significant and cheap source of protein for animal feeds and many packaged meals. For example, soybean products, such as textured vegetable protein (TVP), are ingredients in many meat and dairy substitutes. Soybeans contain significant amounts of phytic acid, dietary minerals and B vitamins. Soy vegetable oil, used in food and industrial applications, is another product of processing the soybean crop. Soybean is the most important protein source for feed farm animals (that in turn yields animal protein for human consumption). Etymology The word "soy" originated as a corruption of the Cantonese or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalosporium Gregatum
''Phialophora gregata'' is a DeuteromyceteWeidong, Chen, Lynn E. Gray, James Kurle, and Craig Grau. "Specific Detection of Phialophora Gregata and Plectosporium Tabacinum in Infected Soybean Plants Using Polymerase Chain Reaction." Molecular Ecology 8.5 (1999): 871-77. Web. fungus that is a plant pathogen which causes the disease commonly known as brown stem rot of soybean. ''P. gregata'' does not produce survival structures, but has the ability to overwinter as mycelium in decaying soybean residue. Two strains of the fungus exist;Grau, C. "Brown Stemrot of Soybeans." genotype A causes both foliar and stem symptoms, while genotype B causes only stem symptoms. Common leaf symptoms are browning, chlorosis, and necrosis Foliar symptoms which are often seen with genotype A are chlorosis, defoliation, and wilting. Brown Stem Rot of soybeans is a common fungal disease in soybeans grown in the upper Midwest and Canada. Brown Stem Rot (BSR) may commonly reduce yield of soybeans by 10-3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cercospora Sojina
''Cercospora sojina'' is a fungal plant pathogen which causes frogeye leaf spot of soybeans. Frog eye leaf spot is a major disease on soybeans in the southern U.S. and has recently started to expand into the northern U.S. where soybeans are grown. The disease is also found in other soybean production areas of the world. Host and symptoms The soybean is the main host of this pathogen. When the pathogen occurs on soybeans, it causes small leaf lesions. These lesions, mostly found on upper leaf surfaces, are irregularly circular and consist of red-brown to purple colored borders. The inside of the lesion is often a gray to tan color. When the lesions mature, they are paper thin and the infected leaves appear tattered and weathered. The disease can lead to premature defoliation. The Frogeye leaf spot can also form on the pods and stems of highly susceptible cultivars. Oval and circular lesions that form on the pods and stems have dark-colored margins and light gray to reddish-brown c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drechslera Glycines
''Drechslera glycines'', or Drechslera blight, is a fungal plant pathogen of soybeans. See also * List of soybean diseases Soybean plants (''Glycine max'') are subject to a variety of diseases and pests. Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Viral diseases See also * Soybean management practices References Common Names of Diseases, T ... References External links USDA ARS Fungal Database Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Soybean diseases Pleosporaceae Fungi described in 1971 {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peronospora Manshurica
''Peronospora manshurica'' is a plant pathogen. It is a widespread disease on the leaves of soybeans and other crop plants. The fungi is commonly referred to as downy mildew, "leafspot", or "leaf-spot". Symptoms The most visible symptoms of ''P. manshurica'' are pale green to light yellow spots that enlarge into pale to bright yellow lesions of variable size and shape. Lesions later turn grayish-brown to dark-brown with a yellowish-green margin that may eventually become entirely brown. Tufts of grayish to pale-colored sporangiophores on the underside of leaves easily distinguish the infection from other foliar diseases. Disease cycle ''Peronospora manshurica'' commonly begins its disease cycle in the spring, with overwintering oospores mainly serving as the primary inoculum. This primarily occurs by the use of oospore encrusted seeds for planting. Oospores, and sometimes even mycelium, surviving on plant material can also serve as the primary inoculum. After the first infection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Ultimum
''Pythium ultimum'' is a plant pathogen. It causes the damping off and root rot diseases of hundreds of diverse plant hosts including corn, soybean, potato, wheat, fir, and many ornamental species. ''P. ultimum'' belongs to the peronosporalean lineage of oomycetes, along with other important plant pathogens such as ''Phytophthora'' spp. and many genera of downy mildews. ''P. ultimum'' is a frequent inhabitant of fields, freshwater ponds, and decomposing vegetation in most areas of the world. Contributing to the widespread distribution and persistence of ''P. ultimum'' is its ability to grow saprotrophically in soil and plant residue. This trait is also exhibited by most ''Pythium'' spp. but not by the related ''Phytophthora'' spp., which can only colonize living plant hosts. Pathology and disease management Infections of seeds and roots are initiated by both the mycelia and spores of ''P. ultimum''. Two spore types are made, depending on the strain. ''P. ultimum'' is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Myriotylum
''Pythium myriotylum'' is a soil-borne oomycete necrotroph that has a broad host range, this means that it can infect a wide range of plants. Hosts and symptoms ''Pythium myriotylum'' is a causal agent of soft root rot in economically important crops including peanuts, tomato, rye, wheat, oats, cucumber, soybean, sorghum, tobacco, cabbage, and maize. ''Pythium myriotylum'' causes pre-emergence damping off, it infects the seed and causes it to rot before plant growth. This causes the plant seedling to become shriveled, soft, and brown. In a study done on soybeans, some symptoms that were seen were rotting of roots, diseased seedlings in the field, plus rotting and blight of seedlings. ''Pythium myriotylum'' can also cause post-emergence damping off in peanuts, resulting in discoloration of the seedlings and roots along with a water-soaked appearance in certain areas, these symptoms usually result in the death of the seedlings. Disease cycle ''Pythium myriotylum'' causes disea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Irregulare
''Pythium irregulare'' is a soil borne oomycete plant pathogen. Oomycetes, also known as "water molds", are fungal-like protists. They are fungal-like because of their similar life cycles, but differ in that the resting stage is diploid, they have coenocytic hyphae, a larger genome, cellulose in their cell walls instead of chitin, and contain zoospores (asexual motile spores) and oospores (sexual resting spores). Hosts and symptoms ''Pythium irregulare'' is an oomycete that causes pre- and post-emergence damping off, as well as root rot. Pre-emergence damping off occurs when ''P. irregulare'' infects seeds before they emerge, causing them to rot and turn brown, thus preventing successful growth. Alternatively, post-emergence damping off occurs when the oomycete infects just after the seed has germinated. This usually causes infection in the roots and stem which appears as water soaking and necrosis. Depending on the severity, plants may collapse or be severely stunted. In p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Debaryanum
''Pythium debaryanum'' is a species of water mould in the family Pythiaceae. It is known as a plant pathogen on many kinds of wild and cultivated plants, including peanut, beet, eucalyptus, tobacco, and pine trees. The plants develop damping off, a disease state. Plantwise. See also *List of soybean diseases
Soybean plants (''Glycine max'') are subject to a variety of diseases and pests.
Bacterial diseases
Fungal diseases
Nematodes, parasitic
Viral diseases
See also
* Soybean management practices
References
Common Names of Diseases, T ...
References
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Pythium Aphanidermatum
''Pythium aphanidermatum'' is a soil borne plant pathogen. ''Pythium'' is a genus in the class Oomycetes, which are also known as water molds. Oomycetes are not true fungi, as their cell walls are made of cellulose instead of chitin, they are diploid in their vegetative state, and they form coenocytic hyphae (lacking crosswalls). Also, they reproduce asexually with motile biflagelette zoospores that require water to move towards and infect a host. Sexually, they reproduce with structures called antheridia, oogonia, and oospores. Hosts ''Pythium aphanidermatum'' has a wide host range, and can have an economic impact on the cultivation of soybeans, beets, peppers, chrysanthemum, cucurbits, cotton and turf-grasses, however, because ''P. aphanidermatum'' requires warmer temperatures, it is often seen in greenhouses and has a large impact in poinsettia production. It is a major cause of root rot in papaya production in subtropical areas. While this is almost exclusively a pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thanatephorus Cucumeris
''Rhizoctonia'' is a genus of fungi in the order Cantharellales. Species form thin, effused, corticioid basidiocarps (fruit bodies), but are most frequently found in their sterile, anamorphic state. ''Rhizoctonia'' species are saprotrophic, but some are also facultative plant pathogens, causing commercially important crop diseases. Some are also endomycorrhizal associates of orchids. The genus name was formerly used to accommodate many superficially similar, but unrelated fungi. Taxonomy History Anamorphs ''Rhizoctonia'' was introduced in 1815 by French mycologist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle for anamorphic plant pathogenic fungi that produce both hyphae and sclerotia. The name is derived from Ancient Greek, ῥίζα (''rhiza'', "root") + κτόνος (''ktonos'', "murder"), and de Candolle's original species, ''Rhizoctonia crocorum'' (teleomorph ''Helicobasidium purpureum''), is the causal agent of violet root rot of carrots and other root vegetables. Subsequent authors adde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizoctonia Solani
''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a species of fungus in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are thin, effused, and web-like, but the fungus is more typically encountered in its anamorphic state, as hyphae and sclerotia. The name ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is currently applied to a complex of related species that await further research. In its wide sense, ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a facultative plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. It causes various plant diseases such as root rot, damping off, and wire stem. It can also form mycorrhizal associations with orchids. Taxonomy In 1858, the German plant pathologist Julius Kühn observed and described a fungus on diseased potato tubers and named it ''Rhizoctonia solani'', the species epithet referring to ''Solanum tuberosum'' (potato). The disease caused was well known before the discovery and description of the fungus. In 1956, Dutch mycologist M.A. Donk published the new name ''Thanatephorus cucumer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
