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Solidago Rugosa
''Solidago rugosa'', commonly called the wrinkleleaf goldenrod or rough-stemmed goldenrod, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widespread across eastern and central Canada (from Newfoundland to Ontario) and the eastern and central United States (Maine west as far as Wisconsin and Iowa, south to Florida and Texas). It is usually found in wet to mesic habitats. Description ''Solidago rugosa'' is a rough-leaved herbaceous perennial up to tall. Its leaves are primarily cauline. One plant can produce as many as 50 stems, each with 50–1500 yellow flower heads. It flowers in late summer through fall. It can be distinguished from the similar-looking '' Solidago ulmifolia'' by the presence of creeping rhizomes, and by its more abrupt leaf bases. File:Solidago rugosa03.jpg, 1913 illustration File:Solidago_rugosa_shed.jpg, Growing in a ruderal habitat File:Bloemen van een Solidago rugosa. 07-10-2021. (d.j.b).jpg, A stal ...
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Mill
Mill may refer to: Science and technology * * Mill (grinding) * Milling (machining) * Millwork * Textile mill * Steel mill, a factory for the manufacture of steel * List of types of mill * Mill, the arithmetic unit of the Analytical Engine early computer People * Andy Mill (born 1953), American skier * Frank Mill (born 1958), German footballer * Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858), British philosopher and women's rights advocate * Henry Mill (c. 1683–1771), English inventor who patented the first typewriter * James Mill (1773–1836), Scottish historian, economist and philosopher * John Mill (theologian) (c. 1645–1707), English theologian and author of ''Novum Testamentum Graecum'' * John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), British philosopher and political economist, son of James Mill * Meek Mill, Robert Rihmeek Williams (born 1987), American rapper and songwriter Places * Mill en Sint Hubert, a Dutch municipality * Mill, Netherlands, a Dutch village * Mill, Missouri, a community in th ...
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Asteromyia Carbonifera
''Asteromyia carbonifera'' is a species of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae. It creates galls on ''Solidago'' plants. Females can lay up to 300 eggs at a time and often collect conidia of the fungus ''Botryosphaeria dothidea'', which is deposited on the plant alongside the eggs. The larvae grow within the gall that the fungus creates, a form of mutualism. Asteromyia_carbonifera_gall.jpg, Gall on goldenrod Solidago_altissima-Asteromyia_carbonifera-galls.jpg, Galls on Solidago altissima ''Solidago altissima'', the tall goldenrod or late goldenrod, is a North American species of goldenrod in the family Asteraceae which is widespread across much of Canada, the United States, and northern Mexico. It is common in much of its range ... References Further reading * * External links Cecidomyiinae Articles created by Qbugbot Insects described in 1862 {{Bibionomorpha-stub ...
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Award Of Garden Merit
The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. History The Award of Garden Merit is a mark of quality awarded, since 1922, to garden plants (including trees, vegetables and decorative plants) by the United Kingdom, Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). Awards are made annually after plant trials intended to judge the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. Trials may last for one or more years, depending on the type of plant being analyzed, and may be performed at Royal Horticulture Society Garden in Wisley and other gardens or after observation of plants in specialist collections. Trial reports are made available as booklets and on the website. Awards are reviewed annually in case plants have become unavailable horticulturally, or have been superseded by better cultivars. Similar awards The award should not be ...
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Royal Horticultural Society
The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (North Yorkshire), Rosemoor (Devon) and Bridgewater (Greater Manchester); flower shows including the Chelsea Flower Show, Hampton Court Palace Flower Show, Tatton Park Flower Show and Cardiff Flower Show; community gardening schemes; Britain in Bloom and a vast educational programme. It also supports training for professional and amateur gardeners. the president was Keith Weed and the director general was Sue Biggs CBE. History Founders The creation of a British horticultural society was suggested by John Wedgwood (son of Josiah Wedgwood) in 1800. His aims were fairly modest: he wanted to hold regular meetings, allowing the society's members the opportunity to present papers on their horticultural activities and discoveries, to enc ...
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Cultivar
A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, or carefully controlled seed production. Most cultivars arise from purposeful human manipulation, but some originate from wild plants that have distinctive characteristics. Cultivar names are chosen according to rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), and not all cultivated plants qualify as cultivars. Horticulturists generally believe the word ''cultivar''''Cultivar'' () has two meanings, as explained in ''Formal definition'': it is a classification category and a taxonomic unit within the category. When referring to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all plants that share the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. was coined as a term meaning "cultivated variety ...
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Local Extinction
Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions. Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. In recent times, local extinction has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations; wolf reintroduction is an example of this. The term "local extinction" is highly vernacular. The more proper biological term is ''extirpation''. Discussion Glaciation can lead to local extinction. This was the case during the Pleistocene glaciation event in North America. During this period, most of the native North American species of earthworm were killed in places covered by glaciation. This left them open for colonization by European earthworms brought over in soil from Europe. Species naturally become extirpated from islands over time. The number ...
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Rhopalomyia Solidaginis
''Rhopalomyia solidaginis'', the goldenrod bunch gall, is a species of gall midges, insects in the family Cecidomyiidae Cecidomyiidae is a family of flies known as gall midges or gall gnats. As the name implies, the larvae of most gall midges feed within plant tissue, creating abnormal plant growths called galls. Cecidomyiidae are very fragile small insects usu .... References Further reading * Bugguide.net. Species Rhopalomyia solidaginis - Goldenrod Bunch Gall External links * Cecidomyiinae Articles created by Qbugbot Insects described in 1862 {{Sciaroidea-stub Gall-inducing insects Diptera of North America ...
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Rhopalomyia Clarkei
''Rhopalomyia clarkei'' is a species of gall midges, insects in the family Cecidomyiidae. The larvae induce galls on two hosts: ''Solidago altissima'' and ''Solidago rugosa ''Solidago rugosa'', commonly called the wrinkleleaf goldenrod or rough-stemmed goldenrod, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widespread across eastern and central Canada (from Ne ...'' and are found in north-eastern and north central North America. Galls and Biology The galls are small, conical, and single-chambered, and typically occur on the lower side of leaves but sometimes on the upper side of leaves and on stems. Each gall contains a single white larva and is attached to either a major or minor vein when on leaves. On ''Solidago rugosa'', the galls are long and wide at the widest part, tapering toward the apex, green to yellowish green, and covered by short, whitish hairs. Young galls may sometimes have a tuft of hair at their base ...
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Procecidochares Atra
''Procecidochares atra'' is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus ''Procecidochares'' of the family Tephritidae. Its galls are most common on ''Solidago altissima, Solidago gigantea, S. gigantea, Solidago rugosa, S. rugosa''.http://bugguide.net/node/view/68596 Bugguide.net Distribution Canada, United States, Mexico. References

Tephritinae Insects described in 1862 Diptera of North America Procecidochares {{tephritinae-stub ...
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Gnorimoschema Gallaesolidaginis
''Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis'', the solidago gall moth, goldenrod gall moth or goldenrod gallmaker, is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Riley in 1869. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta, British Columbia, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Tennessee, Texas and Wisconsin. The forewings are deep purplish-brown, more or less sprinkled with carneous (the color of flesh). A light carneous band starts from the costa near the base, and curves towards the middle of the inner margin, which it occupies to a little beyond the beginning of the cilia, where it curves upwards towards the tip, reaching only halfway up the wing. Here, it is approached from above by a somewhat diffuse spot of the same colour, which starts from the costa just behin ...
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Eutreta Novaeboracensis
''Eutreta novaeboracensis'' is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus ''Eutreta'' of the family Tephritidae. Distribution United States, Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot .... References Tephritinae Insects described in 1855 Diptera of North America {{tephritinae-stub ...
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Goldenrod Gall Fly
The goldenrod gall fly (''Eurosta solidaginis''), also known as the goldenrod ball gallmaker, is a species of fly native to North America. The species is best known for the characteristic galls it forms on several species in the ''Solidago'', or goldenrod, genus. The fly's eggs are inserted near the developing buds of the plant. After hatching, the larvae migrate to an area below the plant's developing buds, where they then induce the plant's tissues to form into the hardened, bulbous chamber referred to as a gall. ''E. solidaginis''’s interactions with its host plant(s) and insect, as well as avian, predators have made it the centerpiece of much ecological and evolutionary biology research, and its tolerance of freezing temperatures has inspired studies into the anti-freeze properties of its biochemistry. Taxonomy ''Eurosta solidaginis'' is in the order Diptera and the family Tephritidae. The Tephritidae are commonly referred to as fruit flies, a common name they share with ...
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