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Solanum Commersonii
''Solanum commersonii'' is a species of wild potato in the family Solanaceae. It is native to southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina, and has been introduced to Mauritius. It is being extensively studied for its resistance to root knot nematode, soft rot, blackleg, bacterial wilt, verticillium wilt, Potato virus X, tobacco etch virus, common scab, and late blight ''Phytophthora infestans'' is an oomycete or water mold, a fungus-like microorganism that causes the serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato blight. Early blight, caused by ''Alternaria solani'', is also often called "pot ..., and for its frost tolerance and ability to cold acclimate, in an effort to improve the domestic potato '' Solanum tuberosum''. References commersonii Flora of South Brazil Flora of Uruguay Flora of Northeast Argentina Plants described in 1814 {{potato-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Louis Marie Poiret
Jean Louis Marie Poiret (11 June 1755 in Saint-Quentin7 April 1834 in Paris) was a French clergyman, botanist, and explorer. From 1785 to 1786, he was sent by Louis XVI to Algeria to study the flora. After the French Revolution, he became a professor of natural history at the Écoles Centrale of Aisne. The genus '' Poiretia'' of the legume family Fabaceae was named after him in 1807 by Étienne Pierre Ventenat. Selected publications *Coquilles fluviatiles et terrestres observées dans le département de l'Aisne et aux environs de Paris. Prodrome. – pp. i–xi –11 1–119. Paris. (Barrois, Soissons); (1801). * ''Leçons de flore: Cours complet de botanique'' (1819–1820); (illus. by P. J. F. Turpin). * * * * * ''Voyage en Barbarie, …, pendant les années 1785 et 1786'' (1789). * ''Histoire philosophique, littéraire, économique des plantes d'Europe''; (1825–1829). * with Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobacco Etch Virus
Tobacco etch virus (TEV) is a plant virus in the genus ''Potyvirus'' and family ''Potyviridae''. Like other members of the genus ''Potyvirus'', TEV has a monopartite positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome surrounded by a capsid made from a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 730 nm in length. It is transmissible in a non-persistent manner by more than 10 species of aphids including ''Myzus persicae''. It also is easily transmitted by mechanical means but is not known to be transmitted by seeds. Host range This virus infects many species of Solanaceae. Agriculturally important crops that it infects include several species of ''Capsicum'' (i.e. '' C. annuum'', '' C. frutescens''), tomato (''Lycopersicon esculentum''), and tobacco (''Nicotiana spp.''). It also infects many perennial weed species that can act as virus reservoirs for susceptible agricultural crops. These weed species include ''Solanum nigrum'' (nightshade) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Uruguay
The flora of Uruguay consists of 2,500 species distributed among 150 native and foreign biological families. Approximately 80% of Uruguay is prairie, with grasses predominating. Uruguay is primarily a grass-growing land, with vegetation that is essentially a continuation of the Argentine Pampas. Forest areas are relatively small. Trees grow in bunches. Forested areas are much smaller than in the pampas, but contain a mix of hardwoods and softwoods, while eucalyptus were imported from Australia. "Ceibo", or '' Erythrina cristagalli'', is the national flower. Herbs Uruguay contains many herbs, ferns, and flowers. Riverine forests Natural forests in Uruguay mainly grow near rivers in the countryside. The native forests are composed of more than 500 native species, including palms. The most abundant are "sauce criollo" ('' Salix humboldtiana''), "sarandí colorado" ('' Cephalanthus glabratus''), "sarandí blanco" ('' Phyllanthus sellowianus'') and "mataojos" ('' Pouteria sal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of South Brazil
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used indiscriminately.Thurmann, J. (1849). ''Essai de Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum
''Solanum'' is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance: the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). It is the largest genus in the nightshade family Solanaceae, comprising around 1,500 species. It also contains the so-called horse nettles (unrelated to the genus of true nettles, ''Urtica''), as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit. ''Solanum'' species show a wide range of growth habits, such as annuals and perennials, vines, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees. Many formerly independent genera like '' Lycopersicon'' (the tomatoes) and ''Cyphomandra'' are now included in ''Solanum'' as subgenera or sections. Thus, the genus today contains roughly 1,500–2,000 species. Name The generic name was first used by Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79) for a plant also known as , most likely ''S. nigrum''. Its derivation is uncertain, possibly stemming from the Latin word ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Tuberosum
The potato is a starch#Food, starchy food, a tuber of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'' and is a root vegetable native to the Americas. The plant is a perennial plant, perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to southern Chile. The potato was originally believed to have been domesticated by Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native Americans independently in multiple locations,University of Wisconsin-Madison, ''Finding rewrites the evolutionary history of the origin of potatoes'' (2005/ref> but later genetic studies traced a single origin, in the area of present-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia. Potatoes were Domestication, domesticated there approximately 7,000–10,000 years ago, from a species in the ''Solanum brevicaule'' complex. Lay summary: In the Andes region of South America, where the species is Indigenous species, indigenous, some close relatives of the potato are cultivated. P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acclimatization
Acclimatization or acclimatisation ( also called acclimation or acclimatation) is the process in which an individual organism adjusts to a change in its environment (such as a change in altitude, temperature, humidity, photoperiod, or pH), allowing it to maintain fitness across a range of environmental conditions. Acclimatization occurs in a short period of time (hours to weeks), and within the organism's lifetime (compared to adaptation, which is evolution, taking place over many generations). This may be a discrete occurrence (for example, when mountaineers acclimate to high altitude over hours or days) or may instead represent part of a periodic cycle, such as a mammal shedding heavy winter fur in favor of a lighter summer coat. Organisms can adjust their morphological, behavioral, physical, and/or biochemical traits in response to changes in their environment. While the capacity to acclimate to novel environments has been well documented in thousands of species, research ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytophthora Infestans
''Phytophthora infestans'' is an oomycete or water mold, a fungus-like microorganism that causes the serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato blight. Early blight, caused by ''Alternaria solani'', is also often called "potato blight". Late blight was a major culprit in the 1840s European, the 1845–1852 Irish, and the 1846 Highland potato famines. The organism can also infect some other members of the Solanaceae. The pathogen is favored by moist, cool environments: sporulation is optimal at in water-saturated or nearly saturated environments, and zoospore production is favored at temperatures below . Lesion growth rates are typically optimal at a slightly warmer temperature range of . Etymology The genus name ''Phytophthora'' comes from the Greek –(), meaning : "plant" – plus the Greek (), meaning : "decay, ruin, perish". The species name ''infestans'' is the present participle of the Latin verb , meaning : "attacking, destroying", from which we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Scab
Common scab is a plant disease of root and tuber crops caused by a small number of '' Streptomyces'' species, specifically '' S. scabies'', '' S. acidiscabies'', '' S. turgidiscabies'' and others. Common scab mainly affects potato (''Solanum tuberosum''), but can also cause disease on radish (''Raphanus sativus''), parsnip (''Pastinaca sativa''), beet (''Beta vulgaris''), and carrot (''Daucus carota''). This plant disease is found wherever these vegetables are grown. Common scab symptoms are variable and can range from surface russeting to deep pits in root and tuber vegetables. This disease does not usually affect yields, but it can greatly reduce quality of the harvested vegetables and make them unsuitable for sale. Root and tuber vegetables are susceptible to infection by ''Streptomyces'' species as soon as the root or tuber forms, but, because this disease only affects root and tubers, the symptoms are not usually noted until harvest. Dry soils increase disease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potato Virus X
Potato virus X (PVX) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family ''Alphaflexiviridae'' and the order ''Tymovirales''. PVX is found mainly in potatoes and is only transmitted mechanically. There are no insect or fungal vectors for this virus. This virus causes mild or no symptoms in most potato varieties, but when Potato virus Y is present, synergy between these two viruses causes severe symptoms in potatoes. The virion has helical symmetry and a deeply grooved, highly hydrated surface and is made of a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 6.4 kb. This is wrapped in approximately 1300 units of a single coat protein (CP) type, with 8.9 CP units per helix turn. The genome is capped at the 5′-end and poly-adenylated at the 3′-terminus. It contains five open reading frames (ORFs) encoding five proteins: the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP), the movement proteins encoded by three overlapping ORFs that form the Triple Gene Block module (TGBp1, TGBp2, and TGBp3), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Félix Dunal
Michel Félix Dunal (24 October 1789 in Montpellier – 29 July 1856 in Montpellier) was a French botanist. He was a professor of botany in Montpellier, France. He held the chair of natural history at the University of Montpellier from 1816 until his death in 1856. The Solanaceous plant genus ''Dunalia'' is named after him. He is especially known for his work with the genus ''Solanum'', and published an important work on the genus; ''Solanorum generumque affinium Synopsis seu Solanorum Historiae, editionis secundae summarium ad characteres differentiales redactum, seriem naturalem, habitationes stationesque specierum breviter indicans'', Montpellier, 1816. For the work ''Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis'' by Augustin de Candolle and his son, Alphonse Pyrame de Candolle, he contributed to Volume I of 1824 "Cistineae" (modern Cistaceae), to Volume VII, No. 2 of 1839 "Vaccinieae", and to Volume XIII No. 1 of 1852 "Solanaceae". Its publication in 1852 was the last t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verticillium Wilt
Verticillium wilt is a wilt disease affecting over 350 species of eudicot plants. It is caused by six species of ''Verticillium'' fungi: ''V. dahliae'', ''V. albo-atrum'', ''V. longisporum'', ''V. nubilum'', ''V. theobromae'' and ''V. tricorpus''. Many economically important plants are susceptible including cotton, tomatoes, potatoes, oilseed rape, eggplants, peppers and ornamentals, as well as others in natural vegetation communities. Many eudicot species and cultivars are resistant to the disease and all monocots, gymnosperms and ferns are immune. Signs are superficially similar to ''Fusarium'' wilts. There are no fungicides characterized for the control of this disease but soil fumigation with chloropicrin has been proven successful in dramatically reducing ''Verticillium'' wilt in diverse crops such as vegetables using plasticulture production methods, and in non-tarped potato production in North America . Additional strategies to manage the disease include crop rotation, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
