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Smarhonʹ
Smarhon or Smorgon ( be, Смарго́нь, ; russian: Сморгонь; lt, Smurgainys; pl, Smorgonie; yi, סמאָרגאָן) is a city in the Grodno Region of Belarus. It was the site of Smarhon air base, now mostly abandoned. Smarhoń is located 107 km from the capital, Minsk. History Within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Smarhon was part of Vilnius Voivodeship. In 1795, the town was acquired by the Russian Empire in the course of the Third Partition of Poland. Until the mid 19th century, Smarhon was a private property of the Radziwiłł family with most of its population being Jewish. From 1921 until 1939, Smarhon (''Smorgonie'') was part of the Second Polish Republic. In September 1939, the town was occupied by the Red Army and, on 14 November 1939, incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. From 25 June 1941 until 4 July 1944, Smarhon was occupied by Nazi Germany and administered as a part of the ''Generalbezirk Litauen'' of '' Reichskommissariat Ostland''. Smo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smarhon (air Base)
Smarhon (also Smorgon and Smorgon Northwest) is a former Soviet Air Forces base in Belarus located 8 km northwest of Smarhonʹ. It was a small airfield with an unpaved revetment complex hidden in the forest to the northwest. The airfield is currently abandoned and increasingly overgrown. The base was home to the 405th Fighter Aviation Regiment between 1956 and 1960 with the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (ASCC: Fagot). References External linksRussianAirFields.com Soviet Air Force bases Military installations of Belarus Airports in Belarus Smarhon’ Belarusian Air Force {{Belarus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 206 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 UN member states, 2 UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and 11 other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (16 states, of which there are 6 UN member states, 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and 9 de facto states), and states having a special political status (2 states, both in free association with New Zealand). Compiling a list such as this can be a complicated and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalbezirk Litauen
Generalbezirk Litauen ( lt, Lietuvos generalinė sritis, ) was one of the four administrative subdivisions of ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'', the 1941-1945 civilian occupation regime established by Nazi Germany for the administration of the three Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) and the western part of the Byelorussian SSR. Organization and structure ''Generalbezirk Litauen'' was originally organized on 25 July 1941 on the territory of the then German-occupied Lithuania, which had until then been under the military administration of the ''Wehrmacht's'' Army Group North. By 1 August 1941, in the wake of further German gains, Litauen expanded to its full extent, when the areas around Vilnius were added. The capital of ''Generalbezirk Litauen'' was Kauen.Generalbezirk Litauen i [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twin Towns And Sister Cities
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of international links between municipalities akin to what are known as sister cities or twin towns today dating back to the 9th century, the modern concept was first established and adopted worldwide during World War II. Origins of the modern concept The modern concept of town twinning has its roots in the Second World War. More specifically, it was inspired by the bombing of Coventry on 14 November 1940, known as the Coventry Blitz. First conceived by the then Mayor of Coventry, Alfred Robert Grindlay, culminating in his renowned telegram to the people of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in 1942, the idea emerged as a way of establishing solidarity links between cities in allied countries that went through similar devastating events. The comradeship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaziuko Mugė
Kaziuko mugė or Saint Casimir's Fair is a large annual folk arts and crafts fair in Vilnius, Lithuania, dating to the beginning of the 17th century. The fair is traditionally held in city's markets and streets on the Sunday nearest to 4 March (Feast of St. Casimir), the anniversary of Saint Casimir's death. In Lithuanian, ''Kaziukas'' is a diminutive of ''Casimir''. Today, Saint Casimir's fair also features music, dance, theater performances; it attracts tens of thousands of visitors and many craftsmen from across Lithuania as well as from neighbouring countries such as Latvia, Russia, and Poland. In recent years, the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland. History and location St. Casimir, son of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV, was canonized in 1602. In conjunction with his feast day celebrations, merchants established a fair. In 1827, they received a privilege to hold the fair in the Cathedral Square. In 1901, after a monume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Syrokomla
Ludwik Władysław Franciszek Kondratowicz (29 September 1823 – 15 September 1862), better known as Władysław Syrokomla, was a Polish romantic poet, writer and translator working in Vilnius and Vilna Governorate, then Russian Empire. Biography Syrokomla was born on 29 September 1823 in the village of Smolków, in the Minsk Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Smolhava, Minsk Region, Belarus), to an impoverished noble family. His parents were Aleksander Kajetan Kondratowicz (d. 1858) and Wiktoria (née Złotkowska). His uncle was Hilary Kondratowicz (1790–1823), a Polish teacher of maths in gymnasium in Vilnius, who published some articles in '' Wiadomości Brukowe''. A year after his birth his parents moved to another village ( Jaśkowicze). In 1833 he entered the Dominican school in Nesvizh (Nieśwież). He had to give up his studies due to financial problems. In 1837 he began work in a Marchaczewszczyzna folwark. Between 1841 and 1844, he worked as a clerk in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilnius
Vilnius ( , ; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the municipality of Vilnius). The population of Vilnius's functional urban area, which stretches beyond the city limits, is estimated at 718,507 (as of 2020), while according to the Vilnius territorial health insurance fund, there were 753,875 permanent inhabitants as of November 2022 in Vilnius city and Vilnius district municipalities combined. Vilnius is situated in southeastern Lithuania and is the second-largest city in the Baltic states, but according to the Bank of Latvia is expected to become the largest before 2025. It is the seat of Lithuania's national government and the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is known for the architecture in its Old Town, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. The city was noted for its multicultural population already in the time of the Polish–Lithuanian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kringle
Kringle (, ) is a Northern European pastry, a variety of pretzel. Pretzels were introduced by Roman Catholic monks in the 13th century in Denmark, and from there they spread throughout Scandinavia and evolved into several kinds of sweet, salty or filled pastries, all in the shape of kringle. In Danish and Norwegian, the word is ''kringle'', plural ''kringler''; et, kringel, plural ''kringlid''; lv, kliņģeris, plural ''kliņģeri''; sv, kringla, plural ''kringlor''; fi, rinkeli; german: Kringel and Icelandic: ''kringla''. The word originates from the Old Norse ''kringla'', meaning ring or circle. In the Netherlands, a particular type of sweet kringle is well known under the Dutch name ''krakeling''. The shape of the kringle has given name to a similarly entangled feature found in some proteins, the so-called Kringle domain. Scandinavia In Denmark, ''kringle'' denotes the pretzel-like knotted shape rather than the pretzel pastry type. Kringler may be made from puff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Kirkor
Adam Honory Kirkor (21 January 1818 – 23 November 1886) was a Polish publisher, journalist and archeologist. Biography Adam was born in Sliwino on 21 January 1818, finishing school in Mogilev. From 1834 to 1866, he worked in Vilnius, later in Saint Petersburg and Kraków. He was part of the Vilnius Archaeological Commission from 1855. In 1859, Adam bought a printing house from Christian Theophilus Glücksberg and started printing books, along with newspapers in Polish, Lithuanian and Russian. Adam became part of the Russian Imperial Archaeological Society in 1856, taking part in the writing of Orgelbrand's Universal Encyclopedia. His name is featured in the first volume of the encyclopedia. He joined the in 1864. Despite his activity in such projects he went bankrupt, eventually moving to Kraków. Adam helped in transforming the Kraków Scientific Society into the Academy of Learning Academy of Learning ( pl, Akademia Umiejętności; AU) was a primary Polish scientific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Pokhlyobkin
William Vasilyevich Pokhlyobkin (August 20, 1923 – April 15 (burial date), 2000) (russian: Ви́льям Васи́льевич Похлёбкин, Viliyam Vasilievich Pokhlyobkin) was a Soviet and Russian historian specializing in Scandinavian studies, heraldry, the diplomacy and international relations of Russia. He was also known as a geographer, journalist, expert on the history of Russian cuisine and the author of numerous culinary books. His '' A History of Vodka'' has been translated into a number of languages, including English. Biography William Pokhlyobkin was born to Russian revolutionary Vasili Mikhailov (Михайлов Василий Михайлович). "Pokhlyobkin" was Mikhailov's underground nickname, derived from the word "" which is a Russian type of vegetable soup. Vasili named his son after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (VIL is an acronym which turned into William). He took part in the Soviet-Finnish War and German-Soviet War as a private. After h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bublik
Bublik (also ''booblik'' or ''bublyk''; rus, бублик, búblik, plural: ''bubliki''; uk, бублик, lit=, translit=búblyk) is a traditional Eastern European bread roll. It is a ring of yeast-leavened wheat dough, that has been boiled in water for a short time before baking.Savella Stechishin (1989). ''Traditional Ukrainian Cookery''. Trident Press, Canada. Common names and types A class of such ring-shaped rolls is common for Eastern European cuisines. Ukrainian bublik is similar to an Ashkenazi Jewish bagel, but is somewhat bigger and has a larger hole. Bubliks usually have a drier, denser and "chewier" texture than bagels. Russian baranka (russian: баранка; pl. baranki) is a dough ring somewhat smaller than a bublik, but also thinner and drier. Sushka (russian: сушка; pl. sushki) is an even smaller and drier type, generally about 5 cm in size, and has the consistency of a hard cracker. In Russian and Ukrainian, ''bublik'' is often used as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagel
A bagel ( yi, בײגל, translit=beygl; pl, bajgiel; also spelled beigel) is a bread roll originating in the Jewish communities of Poland. It is traditionally shaped by hand into a roughly hand-sized ring from yeasted wheat dough that is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked. The result is a dense, chewy, doughy interior with a browned and sometimes crisp exterior. Bagels are often topped with seeds baked on the outer crust—traditional choices include poppy and sesame seeds—or with salt grains. Different dough types include whole-grain and rye. The basic roll-with-a-hole design, hundreds of years old, allows even cooking and baking of the dough; it also allows groups of bagels to be gathered on a string or dowel for handling, transportation, and retail display. The earliest known mention of a boiled-then-baked ring-shaped bread can be found in a 13th-century Syrian cookbook, where they are referred to as . Bagels have been widely associated with Ashkenazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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