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Sitobion Miscanthi
The Indian grain aphid (''Sitobion miscanthi''), also known as ''Sitobion (Sitobion) miscanthi'', is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from cereal, cereal plants, making it a pest of wheat production. It has also been recorded as a pest of finger millet, sorghum, and pearl millet in South Asia. A high-quality draft of the ''S. miscanthi'' genome 377.19 Mb in size was sequenced to help promote research on the lifestyle and feeding specificity of aphids and their interactions with each other and species at other trophic levels. References * http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/51740 * http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Sitobion_miscanthi/classification/ * http://www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx?dsid=51740 Agricultural pest insects Insects described in 1921 Macrosiphini Insect pests of millets Hemiptera of Asia {{Aphididae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryoichi Takahashi
(April 6, 1898—July 17, 1963) was a Japanese people, Japanese entomologist. His research focused on hemiptera, including aphids, whiteflies, and scale insects. He published more than 420 articles. Taxa named after him include: * ''Takahashilecanium'' * ''Xenolecanium takahashii'' * ''Rhachisphora takahashii'' * ''Melanaphis takahashii'' * ''Aclerda takahashii'' * ''Dicranomyia takahashii'' * ''Rhyacobates takahashii'' * ''Ormosia takahashii'' * ''Aleurotuberculatus takahashii'' * ''Aleyrodes takahashii'' * ''Rhinopsylla takashii'' * ''Setaleytodes takahashia'' * ''Isotomurus takahashii'' * ''Asterobemisia takahashii'' * ''Dialeurolonga takahashi'' * ''Togepsylla takahashii'' References Further reading * * * * * * * * 1898 births 1963 deaths Japanese entomologists 20th-century Japanese zoologists {{entomologist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphid
Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea. Common names include greenfly and blackfly, although individuals within a species can vary widely in color. The group includes the fluffy white woolly aphids. A typical life cycle involves flightless females giving live birth to female nymphs—who may also be already pregnant, an adaptation scientists call telescoping generations—without the involvement of males. Maturing rapidly, females breed profusely so that the number of these insects multiplies quickly. Winged females may develop later in the season, allowing the insects to colonize new plants. In temperate regions, a phase of sexual reproduction occurs in the autumn, with the insects often overwintering as eggs. The life cycle of some species involves an alternation between two species of host plants, for example between an annual crop and a woody plant. Some species feed on only one type of plant, while others are generalists, coloni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiptera
Hemiptera (; ) is an order (biology), order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, Reduviidae, assassin bugs, Cimex, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from to around , and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking Insect mouthparts, mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is often limited to the suborder Heteroptera. Entomologists reserve the term ''bug'' for Hemiptera or Heteroptera,Gilbert Waldbauer. ''The Handy Bug Answer Book.'' Visible Ink, 1998p. 1. which does not include other arthropods or insects of other orders such as Ant, ants, Bee, bees, Beetle, beetles, or Butterfly, butterflies. In some variations of English, all Terrestrial animal, terrestrial arthropods (including non-insect arachnids, and myriapods) also fall under the Colloquialism, colloquial understanding of ''bug''. Many insects with "bug" in their common name, especially in American English, belo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cereal
A cereal is any Poaceae, grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, Cereal germ, germ, and bran. Cereal Grain, grain crops are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop and are therefore Staple food, staple crops. They include wheat, rye, Oat, oats, and barley. Edible grains from other plant families, such as buckwheat, quinoa and Salvia hispanica, chia, are referred to as pseudocereals. In their unprocessed whole grain form, cereals are a rich source of vitamins, Mineral (nutrient), minerals, carbohydrates, fats, oils, and Protein (nutrient), protein. When processed by the removal of the bran and germ the remaining endosperm is mostly carbohydrate. In some Developing country, developing countries, grain in the form of rice, wheat, millet, or maize constitutes a majority of daily sustenance. In Developed country, developed countries, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeological record suggests that wheat was first cultivated in the regions of the Fertile Crescent around 9600 BCE. Botanically, the wheat kernel is a type of fruit called a caryopsis. Wheat is grown on more land area than any other food crop (, 2014). World trade in wheat is greater than for all other crops combined. In 2020, world production of wheat was , making it the second most-produced cereal after maize. Since 1960, world production of wheat and other grain crops has tripled and is expected to grow further through the middle of the 21st century. Global demand for wheat is increasing due to the unique viscoelastic and adhesive properties of gluten proteins, which facilitate the production of processed foods, whose consumption is inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finger Millet
''Eleusine coracana'', or finger millet, also known as ragi in India, kodo in Nepal, is an annual herbaceous plant widely grown as a cereal crop in the arid and semiarid areas in Africa and Asia. It is a tetraploid and self-pollinating species probably evolved from its wild relative ''Eleusine africana''. Finger millet is native to the Ethiopian and Ugandan highlands. Interesting crop characteristics of finger millet are the ability to withstand cultivation at altitudes over 2000 m above sea level, its high drought tolerance, and the long storage time of the grains. History Finger millet originated in East Africa (Ethiopian and Ugandan highlands). It was claimed to have been found in an Indian archaeological site dated to 1800 BCE (Late Bronze Age); however, this was subsequently demonstrated to be incorrectly identified cleaned grains of hulled millets. The oldest record of finger millet comes from an archaeological site in Africa dating to the 8th century AD. By 1996, culti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorghum
''Sorghum'' () is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the grass family (Poaceae). Some of these species are grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals. One species is grown for grain, while many others are used as fodder plants, either cultivated in warm climates worldwide or naturalized in pasture lands. Taxonomy ''Sorghum'' is in the Poaceae (grass) subfamily Panicoideae and the tribe Andropogoneae (the same as maize, big bluestem and sugarcane). Species Accepted species recorded include: Distribution and habitat Seventeen of the 25 species are native to Australia, with the range of some extending to Africa, Asia, Mesoamerica, and certain islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Toxicity In the early stages of the plants' growth, some species of sorghum can contain levels of hydrogen cyanide, hordenine, and nitrates, which are lethal to grazing animals. Plants stressed by drought or heat can also contain toxic lev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pearl Millet
Pearl millet (''Cenchrus americanus'', commonly known as the synonym ''Pennisetum glaucum''; also known as 'Bajra' in Hindi, 'Sajje' in Kannada, 'Kambu' in Tamil, 'Bajeer' in Kumaoni and 'Maiwa' in Hausa, 'Mexoeira' in Mozambique) is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times. The center of diversity, and suggested area of domestication, for the crop is in the Sahel zone of West Africa. Recent archaeobotanical research has confirmed the presence of domesticated pearl millet on the Sahel zone of northern Mali between 2500 and 2000 BC. Description Pearl millet has ovoid grains of 3 – 4 mm length, the largest kernels of all varieties of millet (not including sorghum). These can be nearly white, pale yellow, brown, grey, slate blue or purple. The 1000-seed weight can be anything from 2.5 to 14 g with a mean of 8 g. The height of the plant ranges from 0.5 – 4 m. Cultivation Pearl millet is well ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agricultural Pest Insects
A pest is any animal or plant harmful to humans or human concerns. The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock, and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes. Humans have modified the environment for their own purposes and are intolerant of other creatures occupying the same space when their activities impact adversely on human objectives. Thus, an elephant is unobjectionable in its natural habitat but a pest when it tramples crops. Some animals are disliked because they bite or sting; snakes, wasps, ants, bed bugs, fleas and ticks belong in this category. Others enter the home; these include houseflies, which land on and contaminate food, beetles, which tunnel into the woodwork, and other animals that scuttle about on the floor at night, like cockroaches, which are often associated with unsanitary conditions. Agricultural and horticultural crops are attacked by a wide variety of pests, the most important being insects, mite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insects Described In 1921
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from eggs. Insect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrosiphini
Macrosiphini is an aphid tribe in the subfamily Aphidinae. Genera The tribe includes the following genera, listed in alphabetical order: '' Abstrusomyzus'' - '' Acaudella'' - '' Acaudinum'' - '' Acuticauda'' - '' Acutosiphon'' - ''Acyrthosiphon'' - '' Akkaia'' - '' Allocotaphis'' - '' Alphitoaphis'' - '' Amegosiphon'' - '' Ammiaphis'' - '' Amphicercidus'' - '' Amphorophora'' - '' Amphorosiphon'' - '' Anaulacorthum'' - '' Anthracosiphon'' - '' Antimacrosiphon'' - '' Anuraphis'' - '' Anuromyzus'' - '' Aphidura'' - '' Aphiduromyzus'' - '' Aphthargelia'' - '' Artemisaphis'' - '' Aspidaphis'' - '' Aspidophorodon'' - '' Atarsos'' - '' Aulacophoroides'' - '' Aulacorthum'' - '' Avicennina'' - '' Berberidaphis'' - '' Bipersona'' - '' Blanchardaphis'' - '' Brachycaudus'' - '' Brachycolus'' - '' Brachycorynella'' - '' Brachymyzus'' - '' Brachysiphoniella'' - '' Brevicoryne'' - '' Brevicorynella'' - '' Brevisiphonaphis'' - '' Burundiaphis'' - '' Cac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
