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Side (Caria)
Side ( grc, Σίδη). also known as Sibde (Σίβδη), was a town of ancient Caria. According to Pliny the Elder, Alexander the Great united in Halicarnassus six cities by synoecism, including Side, next to Theangela, Medmasa, Uranium (Caria), Uranium, Pedasa and Telmissus. Strabo, however, points out that this synoecism would have been carried out earlier, during the reign of Mausolus (). Its site is tentatively located near Alazeytin, Turkey. References Populated places in ancient Caria Former populated places in Turkey {{AncientCaria-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Caria
Caria (; from Greek: Καρία, ''Karia''; tr, Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Ionian and Dorian Greeks colonized the west of it and joined the Carian population in forming Greek-dominated states there. Carians were described by Herodotus as being of Minoan descent,''The Histories'', Book I Section 171. while he reports that the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians. Municipalities of Caria Cramer's detailed catalog of Carian towns in classical Greece is based entirely on ancient sources. The multiple names of towns and geomorphic features, such as bays and headlands, reveal an ethnic layer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliny The Elder
Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic ''Naturalis Historia'' (''Natural History''), which became an editorial model for encyclopedias. He spent most of his spare time studying, writing, and investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field. His nephew, Pliny the Younger, wrote of him in a letter to the historian Tacitus: Among Pliny's greatest works was the twenty-volume work ''Bella Germaniae'' ("The History of the German Wars"), which is no longer extant. ''Bella Germaniae'', which began where Aufidius Bassus' ''Libri Belli Germanici'' ("The War with the Germans") left off, was used as a source by other prominent Roman historians, including Plutarch, Tacitus and Suetonius. Tacitus—who many scholars agree had never travelled in Germania—used ''Bella Germani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander The Great
Alexander III of Macedon ( grc, wikt:Ἀλέξανδρος, Ἀλέξανδρος, Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the Ancient Greece, ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II of Macedon, Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and ancient Egypt, Egypt. By the age of thirty, he had created one of the List of largest empires, largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern Historical India, India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history's greatest and most successful military commanders. Until the age of 16, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle. In 335 BC, shortly after his assumption of kingship over Macedon, he Alexander's Balkan campaign, campaigned in the Balkans and reasserted control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halicarnassus
Halicarnassus (; grc, Ἁλικαρνᾱσσός ''Halikarnāssós'' or ''Alikarnāssós''; tr, Halikarnas; Carian: 𐊠𐊣𐊫𐊰 𐊴𐊠𐊥𐊵𐊫𐊰 ''alos k̂arnos'') was an ancient Greek city in Caria, in Anatolia. It was located in southwest Caria, on an advantageous site on the Gulf of Gökova, which is now in Bodrum, Turkey.} The city was famous for the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, also known simply as the Tomb of Mausolus, whose name provided the origin of the word "mausoleum". The mausoleum, built from 353 to 350 BC, ranked as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Halicarnassus' history was special on two interlinked issues. Halicarnassus retained a monarchical system of government at a time when most other Greek city states had long since rid themselves of their kings. And secondly, while their Ionian neighbours rebelled against Persian rule, Halicarnassus remained loyal to the Persians and formed part of the Persian Empire until Alexander the Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synoecism
Synoecism or synecism ( ; grc, συνοικισμóς, ''sunoikismos'', ), also spelled synoikism ( ), was originally the amalgamation of villages in Ancient Greece into ''poleis'', or city-states. Etymologically the word means "dwelling together (''syn'') in the same house (''oikos'')." Subsequently, any act of civic union between polities of any size was described by the word ''synoikismos''. The closest analogy today is the incorporation of a city; in fact, "incorporation" is often used to translate synoikismos, in addition to the Latinized synoecism. Synoecism is opposed to Greek dioecism (διοικισμóς, ''dioikismos''), the creation of independent communities within the territory of a polis. Synoecism is the result of a few major factors, mainly an increase in population density of adjacent settlements, with an incorporation proposed for economic, political or ideological advantages, such as the synoecism of the communities of Attica into Athens, or by imposition o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theangela
Theangela ( grc, Θεάγγελα) was a town of ancient Caria. Upon the conquest of Caria by Alexander the Great, he placed it under the jurisdiction of Halicarnassus. It was birthplace of Philippus of Theangela, a 4th-century BCE historian. It was a ''polis'' (city-state) and a member of the Delian League. It was in a sympoliteia with Kildara Kildara ( grc, Κιλδαρα) or Killara (Κιλλαρα) was a town of ancient Caria. It was a ''polis'' (city-state) and was in a sympoliteia with Theangela and Thodosa. Kildara is the find-spot of numerous inscriptions in the Carian language ... and Thodosa. Its site is located near Etrim, Asiatic Turkey. References Populated places in ancient Caria Former populated places in Turkey Greek city-states Members of the Delian League Bodrum District History of Muğla Province {{Muğla-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medmasa
Madnasa ( grc, Μάδνασα), or Medmasa (Μέδμασα), also known as Medmasus or Medmasos (Μέδμασος), was a town in ancient Caria, at the Myndos Peninsula, and is currently an archaeological site near upper Göl, about 13 km northeast of Myndos. In 5th century BCE the city was included in the Delian League and Athenian tribute lists. Literature Pliny the Elder (5.107) calls the city ''Medmasa'', reporting that with five more Lelegian settlements was assigned by Alexander the Great to the jurisdiction of Halicarnassus. In fact their incorporation into Halicarnassus is credited to the Carian satrap Mausolus in 4th century BCE. The city is quoted by Stephanos Byzantios in the geographical lexicon ''Ethnika'' from Hekataios's ''fragmenta'', where it seems that the city had the archaic name Kurbasa. The earliest reference to the city comes from the description of three Carian sites by W.R., Paton, J.L. Myres, & E.L. Hicks at 1894. Later, Bean identified the city wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uranium (Caria)
Uranium or Ouranion ( grc, Οὐράνιον) was a town of ancient Caria, on the Bodrum Peninsula. Uranium was a ''polis'' (city-state) and a member of the Delian League The Delian League, founded in 478 BC, was an association of Greek city-states, numbering between 150 and 330, under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Pl .... Uranium appears in the Athenian tribute lists and paid an annual tribute of 17 drachmae, 1 obol. Its site was associated with Burgaz, on a hill NW of Geriş village, Bodrum, Asiatic Turkey. Two Hellenistic inscriptions published in 1992, however, seem to place the city on Dikmendag, a coastal mountain about 7 km west of Ören. References Populated places in ancient Caria Former populated places in Turkey Greek city-states Members of the Delian League {{AncientCaria-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedasa
Pedasa ( grc, Πήδασα or τὰ Πήδασα), also known as Pedasus or Pedasos (Πήδασος), and as Pedasum, was a town of ancient Caria. It was a ''polis'' (city-state) by . Alexander the Great deprived the place of its independence by giving it over to the Halicarnassians, together with five other neighbouring towns. It was a member of the Delian League. Its site is near the modern Gökçeler. People * Hermotimus of Pedasa, favourite eunuch of Xerxes the Great Xerxes I ( peo, 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 ; grc-gre, Ξέρξης ; – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, ruling from 486 to 465 BC. He was the son and successor of D ... References Populated places in ancient Caria Former populated places in Turkey Greek city-states Members of the Delian League Bodrum District History of Muğla Province {{Muğla-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telmissus
Telmessos or Telmessus ( Hittite: 𒆪𒉿𒆷𒉺𒀸𒊭 ''Kuwalapašša'', Lycian: 𐊗𐊁𐊍𐊁𐊂𐊁𐊛𐊆 ''Telebehi'', grc, Τελμησσός), also Telmissus ( grc, Τελμισσός), later Anastasiopolis ( grc, Αναστασιούπολις), then Makri or Macre ( el, Μάκρη), was the largest city in Lycia, near the Carian border, and is sometimes confused with Telmessos in Caria. It was called Telebehi in the Lycian language. The well-protected harbor of Telmessos is separated from the Gulf of Telmessos by an island. The name of the modern town on the site is Fethiye. History The city was known as Kuwalapašša by the Hittites and Telebehi by the Lycians. According to the annals of Hattusili III, the city was a part of Lycia (which was known as Lukka at the time) and conquered by the Hittites. Another Hittite document mentions the cities of Kuwalapašša and Dalawa sent aid to Hittites during the war against Iyalanda. Telmessos was a flourishi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strabo
Strabo''Strabo'' (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. The father of Pompey was called "Pompeius Strabo". A native of Sicily so clear-sighted that he could see things at great distance as if they were nearby was also called "Strabo". (; el, Στράβων ''Strábōn''; 64 or 63 BC 24 AD) was a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian who lived in Asia Minor during the transitional period of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Life Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus (in present-day Turkey) in around 64BC. His family had been involved in politics since at least the reign of Mithridates V. Strabo was related to Dorylaeus on his mother's side. Several other family members, including his paternal grandfather had served Mithridates VI during the Mithridatic Wars. As the war drew to a close, Strabo's grandfather had turned several Pontic fortress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mausolus
Mausolus ( grc, Μαύσωλος or , xcr, 𐊠𐊸𐊫𐊦 ''Mauśoλ'') was a ruler of Caria (377–353 BCE) and a satrap of the Achaemenid Empire. He enjoyed the status of king or dynast by virtue of the powerful position created by his father Hecatomnus ( xcr, 𐊴𐊭𐊪𐊳𐊫 ), who had succeeded the assassinated Persian Satrap Tissaphernes as the first satrap of Caria and founded the hereditary Hecatomnid dynasty. Alongside Caria, Mausolus also ruled Lycia and parts of Ionia and the Dodecanese islands. He is best known for the monumental shrine, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, erected and named for him by order of his widow (who was also his sister) Artemisia. Name Mausolus' name is only known directly in Greek ( grc, Μαύσωλος or ). It is clearly of Carian origin, though, and would have been written as *𐊪𐊠𐊲𐊸𐊫𐊦 (''*Mauśoλ'') or similar. This is a compound name perhaps meaning "much blessed". The first part, ''*Ma-'', may mean "much ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
