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Shōjo Club
was a monthly Japanese (girls) magazine. Founded by the publishing company Kodansha in 1923 as a sister publication to its magazine ''Shōnen Club'', the magazine published articles, short stories, illustrations, poems, and manga. ''Shōjo Club'' was one of the earliest magazines, and by 1937 was the best-selling magazine in Japan aimed at this market segment. Its conservative editorial stance, aligned with that of its publisher Kodansha, was reflected in the magazine's focus on educational content, especially moral education. The magazine and its primary competitor '' Shōjo no tomo'' were the sole magazines to continue publication throughout the entirety of the Pacific War. The magazine eventually succumbed to changing market conditions in 1962, and was replaced in 1963 with the weekly magazine ''Shōjo Friend''. Content ''Shōjo Club'' was a general women's magazine targeting an audience of , a term for teenaged girls. It published educational articles, short stories, poe ...
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Haha No Ai By Yamakawa Shūhō
Haha or ha ha is an onomatopoeic representation of laughter. Haha and variants may also refer to: People * Ha Ha Clinton-Dix (born 1992), American football player * Haha (entertainer) (born 1979), Entertainer Places * Saint-Louis-du-Ha! Ha! * Ha! Ha! River (Gros-Mécatina), Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada * Ha! Ha! River (Saguenay River), Saguenay, Quebec, Canada * Lake Ha! Ha!, a lake in Canada * Ha Ha Bay, a bay on the island of Newfoundland, Canada ** Raleigh, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, a town originally known as Ha Ha Bay after the above * Haha-jima, an island of Japan Other uses * Ha-ha, a recessed landscape barrier * ''Ha ha'', a catchphrase used by character Nelson Muntz on the television series '' The Simpsons'' * Haha (tribe), a Moroccan Berber ethnic group * ''Mother'' (1963 film) or ''Haha'', a Japanese film * Ha Ha, a millionaire racehorse in Australia * Hāhā, several species of Hawaiian plants, including those of the genus '' Cyanea'' See also ...
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Princess Knight
''Princess Knight'', also known as ''Ribon no Kishi'' is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka. This manga follows the adventures of Sapphire, a girl who was born accidentally with a blue heart of a boy and a pink heart of a girl. She pretends to be a male prince to prevent the evil Duke Duralumin from inheriting the throne of Silverland. The gender-bending main character was inspired by the all-female musical theater group Takarazuka Revue in which women performed both female and male roles. The story was ordered by one editor of Kodansha's magazine ''Shōjo Club'' who wanted Tezuka to produce a manga aimed towards a female audience that could replicate the success of his former boy-aimed stories. The author then created ''Princess Knight'', originally serialized in that magazine from 1953 to 1956. The manga's popularity resulted into a radio dramatization in 1955, three other serializations between 1958 and 1968, and a 52-episode television anim ...
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Osamu Tezuka
Osamu Tezuka (, born , ''Tezuka Osamu''; – 9 February 1989) was a Japanese manga artist, cartoonist, and animator. Born in Osaka Prefecture, his prolific output, pioneering techniques, and innovative redefinitions of genres earned him such titles as , and . Additionally, he is often considered the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney, who served as a major inspiration during Tezuka's formative years. Though this phrase praises the quality of his early manga works for children and animations, it also blurs the significant influence of his later, more literary, gekiga works. Tezuka began what was known as the manga revolution in Japan with his '' New Treasure Island'' published in 1947. His output would spawn some of the most influential, successful, and well-received manga series including the children mangas ''Astro Boy'', '' Princess Knight'' and ''Kimba the White Lion'', and the adult-oriented series '' Black Jack'', ''Phoenix'', and ''Buddha'', all of which won several aw ...
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Katakana
is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji and in some cases the Latin script (known as rōmaji). The word ''katakana'' means "fragmentary kana", as the katakana characters are derived from components or fragments of more complex kanji. Katakana and hiragana are both kana systems. With one or two minor exceptions, each syllable (strictly mora) in the Japanese language is represented by one character or ''kana'' in each system. Each kana represents either a vowel such as "''a''" (katakana ア); a consonant followed by a vowel such as "''ka''" (katakana カ); or "''n''" (katakana ン), a nasal sonorant which, depending on the context, sounds either like English ''m'', ''n'' or ''ng'' () or like the nasal vowels of Portuguese or Galician. In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for Japanese words not covered by kanji and for grammatical inflections, the katakana syllabary usage is comparable to italics in En ...
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Supreme Commander For The Allied Powers
was the title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the United States-led Allied occupation of Japan following World War II. It issued SCAP Directives (alias SCAPIN, SCAP Index Number) to the Japanese government, aiming to suppress its "militaristic nationalism". The position was created at the start of the occupation of Japan on August 14, 1945. In Japan, the position was generally referred to as GHQ (General Headquarters), as SCAP also referred to the offices of the occupation (which was officially referred by SCAP itself as ), including a staff of several hundred US civil servants as well as military personnel. Some of these personnel effectively wrote a first draft of the Japanese Constitution, which the National Diet then ratified after a few amendments. Australian, British Empire, and New Zealand forces under SCAP were organized into a sub-command known as British Commonwealth Occupation Force. These actions led MacArthur to be viewed as the new Imperial force in Japan ...
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Surrender Of Japan
The surrender of the Empire of Japan in World War II was announced by Emperor Hirohito on 15 August and formally signed on 2 September 1945, bringing the war's hostilities to a close. By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) had become incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent. Together with the United Kingdom and China, the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on 26 July 1945—the alternative being "prompt and utter destruction". While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter end, Japan's leaders (the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War, also known as the "Big Six") were privately making entreaties to the publicly neutral Soviet Union to mediate peace on terms more favorable to the Japanese. While maintaining a sufficient level of diplomatic engagement with the Japanese to give them the impression they might be wi ...
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Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) or War of Resistance (Chinese term) was a military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Theater of the Second World War. The beginning of the war is conventionally dated to the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937, when a dispute between Japanese and Chinese troops in Peking escalated into a full-scale invasion. Some Chinese historians believe that the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 18 September 1931 marks the start of the war. This full-scale war between the Chinese and the Empire of Japan is often regarded as the beginning of World War II in Asia. China fought Japan with aid from Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, United Kingdom and the United States. After the Japanese attacks on Malaya and Pearl Harbor in 1941, the war merged with other conflicts which are generally categorized under those conflicts of World War II a ...
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National Mobilization Law
was legislated in the Diet of Japan by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe on 24 March 1938 to put the national economy of the Empire of Japan on war-time footing after the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War. The National Mobilization Law had fifty clauses, which provided for government controls over civilian organizations (including labor unions), nationalization of strategic industries, price controls and rationing, and nationalized the news media.Pauer, Japan's War Economy, pp.13 The laws gave the government the authority to use unlimited budgets to subsidize war production, and to compensate manufacturers for losses caused by war-time mobilization. Eighteen of the fifty articles outlined penalties for violators. The law was attacked as unconstitutional when introduced to the Diet in January 1938, but was passed due to strong pressure from the military and took effect from May 1938. It was abolished on 20 December 1945 by the American occupation authorities after the surrender of ...
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Suihō Tagawa
, better known by the pen name Suihō Tagawa (田河 水泡, ''Tagawa Suihō''), was a Japanese manga artist. Biography Born in Sumida, Tokyo, Nakatarō Takamizawa grew up an orphan: his mother died upon his birth, his father and his uncle (who served as one of his stepparents) both died several years afterwards. He graduated from Fukagawa's municipal ''Rinkai Jinjō'' elementary school in 1911. In 1919, he was conscripted into the Imperial Japanese Army, serving in Korea and Manchuria, and left in 1922. In 1925, he graduated from ''Nihon Bijutsu Gakkō'' ("Japan School of Art"); during his time at the school, he participated in the radical avant-garde movement Mavo, under the pen name Takamizawa Michinao . In 1926, he became a ''rakugo'' author. He began producing manga in 1927. He gained a regular assignment selling manga stories and adopted the pen name , which was later corrupted into : literally means "water bubble". In 1928 he married (younger sister of Hideo Kobayas ...
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Kashō Takabatake
, also known as Kajō, was a after '' Jōwa'' and before ''Ninju.'' This period spanned the years from June 848 through April 851. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * February 9, 848 : The new era name ''Kashō'' (meaning "good augury") was created because a white tortoise was discovered in Bungo province, and it was duly presented to the emperor. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Jōwa'' 15, on the 13th day of the 6th month of 848. Events of the ''Kashō'' era * February 18, 848 (''Kashō 1, 10th day of the 1st month''): The '' dainagon'' Fujiwara no Yoshifusa (904–872) was named ''udaijin.'' He was the son of the former ''sadaijin'' Fujiwara Fuyutsugu (775–826). Yoshifusa's daughter, Fujiwara no Akira-keiko, became Emperor Montoku's wife and the mother of Emperor Seiwa. * 848 (''Kashō 1, 6th month''): A white tortoise was discovered in Bungo Province. As this was an extraordinary thing, all the court officials made their appeara ...
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Nobuko Yoshiya
was a Japanese novelist active in Taishō and Shōwa period Japan. She was one of modern Japan's most commercially successful and prolific writers, specializing in serialized romance novels and adolescent girls' fiction, as well as a pioneer in Japanese lesbian literature, including the Class S genre. Several of her stories have been made into films. Personal life Yoshiya was born in Niigata prefecture, but grew up in Mooka and Tochigi cities in Tochigi prefecture. Her father was first a police officer and then became a local county government official, so her family relocated often to accommodate his transfers. She was the only daughter and youngest of five children in her family. Both her mother and her father came from samurai families. Her middle-class, culturally conservative parents trained her for the "good wife, wise mother" role expected of women in Meiji Japan. Her literary career began when she was in her teens, although prior to this she had developed a love for wr ...
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