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Shahverdi Khan Of Ganja
Shahverdi Khan Ziyadoghlu () (d. 1768) was the beylerbey of Karabakh from 1740 to 1743 and first khan of Ganja from 1747 to 1760. He was from the Ziyadoglu branch of the Qajar clan who ruled the Beylerbeylik of Karabakh as hereditary governors. Background After the dethronement of the Safavids in 1736 by Nader Shah, the landed classes of Ganja and Karabakh gathered in Mughan and decided to oppose the new shah and agreed to try to restore the Safavids to the throne. His father Ughurlu Khan was among them. When this news reached Nader Shah, he ordered all Muslim landowners of the region and their families deported to Khorasan (northeastern Iran) as punishment. Ughurlu Khan's lands on the other hand were divided - the Zangezur district was given to the ''beglarbeg'' (governor-general) of Tabriz; the autonomy of the Armenian Melikdoms was restored, and Borchalu, Qazzaq and Shamshadil were given to the Georgian king Teimuraz II of Kakheti (r. 1732–1762). Ughurlu Khan was thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Hasan, Khan Of Ganja
Muhammad Hasan Khan (, 1742–1778) was the second Khan of Ganja from 1768 to 1780 from the Ziyadoglu branch of the Qajar clan who ruled the Beylerbeylik of Karabakh as hereditary governors. Background He was born in 1742 to Shahverdi Khan and his Armenian wife Gulgoncha in Ganja. Reign He came to power in 1768 or 1761 after the murder of his father, Shahverdi Khan, with the Georgian help. He paid great attention to the economic development of the Ganja Khanate, especially to the development of sericulture. Khan invited many silkworm breeders from Georgia to permanent residence in Ganja, causing a negative reaction from Heraclius II, who instructed his wife, Queen Darejan, to take measures to prevent this resettlement. Queen, who at that time was actually involved in all government affairs, ordered the treasurer of the court, Joseph, to return the settlers in any way possible. According to Bakikhanov, in 1769, Utsmi of Qaytaq, Emir Hamza with 3000 selected cavalry pass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabriz
Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan region between long ridges of volcanic cones in the Sahand and Eynali mountains, Tabriz's elevation ranges between above sea level. The valley opens up into a plain that gently slopes down to the eastern shores of Lake Urmia, to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers, Tabriz is considered a summer resort. It was named World Carpet Weaving City by the World Crafts Council in October 2015 and Exemplary Tourist City of 2018 by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. With a population of over 1.7 million (2016), Tabriz is the largest economic hub and metropolitan area in northwest Iran. The population is bilingual, speaking Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani and Persian. Tabriz is a major heavy industrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teimuraz II Of Kakheti
Teimuraz II ( ka, თეიმურაზ II) (1680/1700–1762) of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king of Kakheti, eastern Georgia, from 1732 to 1744, then of Kartli from 1744 until his death. Teimuraz was also a lyric poet. Life He was a son of Erekle I and his wife Anna. Together with his mother, Teimuraz ruled as regent for his absent brother David II (Imam Quli-Khan) from 1709 to 1715. In 1732, the Turks killed the next king and Teimuraz’s other brother, Constantine, and took control of his kingdom. His successor, Teimuraz, fled to the mountains of Pshavi and fought the occupants from there. In July 1735, the resurgent Persian ruler Nader Shah Afshar invaded Kakheti and forced the Turks out of most of eastern Georgia. Nader summoned Teimuraz to his headquarters at Erivan and, upon his refusal to convert to Islam, had him detained. Kakheti was placed under the nominal government of Teimuraz's Muslim nephew Ali Mirza. In October 1735, Teimuraz escaped to the mountains of K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Çemişgezek
Çemişgezek ( ku, Melkişî; hy, Չմշկածագ, translit=Čmškacag) is a town and district of Tunceli Province, Turkey. The mayor is Levent Metin Yıldız ( AKP). The district has a population of 7,418 as of 2021. Demographics The town and district is populated by both Kurds and Turks. Notable natives * Aurora Mardiganian – Armenian genocide survivor, writer of ''Ravished Armenia''. * Aynur Doğan – Kurdish singer * Diyap Yıldırım – Kurdish politician See also * Emirate of Çemişgezek Emirate of Çemişgezek (, 13th century–1663) was a hereditary and autonomous Kurdish emirate existing from the 13th century to 1663, centered around Çemişgezek including Mazgirt, Pertek and Sağman. The emirate was populated by both Muslims a ... References External links Populated places in Çemişgezek District Districts of Tunceli Province Kurdish settlements in Turkey {{Tunceli-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupchi-bashi
The Tupchi-bashi ("head of the tupchis") was the commander of the Safavid Empire's artillery corps. He was responsible for the artillery battery (''tup-khaneh'') and needed materials in relation to the artillery pieces as well. The ''tupchi-bashi'' received assistance by an administrative staff, as well as by various officers of lower rank. The term ''tupchi-bashi'' was also used to designate the commanders of local artillery batteries in the various cities and provinces of the empire. List of ''Tupchi-bashis'' Reign of Ismail I * Hamza Beg (1507) * Mahmud Beg (1516) Reign of Tahmasp I * Ostad Sheikhi Beg (1528-1529) * Sheikh Ali (1538-1539) * Darvish Beg (1551-1552) * Soleiman Beg (1556-1557) Reign of Mohammad Khodabanda * Morad Khan (1580-1581) Reign of Abbas I * Qoreiqchi Khan (1605-1606) * Barkhordar Beg (1610) Reign of Safi * Mortezaqoli Beg (1637-1638) * Morad Beg (1642) Reign of Abbas II * Morad Beg (1642) * Mohammad Beg (1649) * Hoseinqoli Khan (1655) * Qaland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morteza Mirza Afshar (Nassrollah Mirza)
Morteza Mirza Afshar was an Afsharid prince and the son of Nader Shah of Persia, who was renamed Nassrollah Mirza ( fa, نصرالله میرزا افشار) in honour of his role in the victory at Karnal. He proved to be a talented military leader and demonstrated his worth during the battle of Karnal by commanding the centre of the Persian army which defeated Sa'adat Khan's forces and captured his person. He also held independent command during the Perso-Ottoman war of 1743-46 where he was tasked by Nader Shah of penetrating into Ottoman held Mosul province and engaging one of the two Ottoman armies whilst his father, Nader, marched against the other army at Kars in the north. He dealt a decisive blow to the Turkish and Kurdish forces around Mosul in the Battle of Mosul (1745). See also *Joseph von Semlin Johann Joseph von Semlin (born Mostafa Ali Mirza Khan; 1736–1824) was the reputed son of Nader Shah. After his father's murder, a loyalist brought Ali Mirza Khan to Maria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soltan Hoseyn
Soltan Hoseyn ( fa, شاه سلطان حسین, Soltān-Hoseyn; 1668 – 9 September 1727) was the Safavid shah of Iran from 1694 to 1722. He was the son and successor of Shah Solayman (). Born and raised in the royal harem, Soltan Hoseyn ascended the throne with limited life experience and more or less no expertise in the affairs of the country. He was installed on the throne through the efforts of powerful great-aunt, Maryam Begum, as well as the court eunuchs, who wanted to increase their authority by taking advantage of a weak and impressionable ruler. Throughout his reign, Soltan Hoseyn became known for his extreme devotion, which had blended in with his superstition, impressionable personality, excessive pursuit of pleasure, debauchery, and wastefulness, all of which have been considered by both contemporary and later writers as elements that played a part in the decline of the country. The last decade of Soltan Hoseyn's reign was marked by urban dissension, tribal uprisin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazikumukh Khanate
Gazikumukh Khanate was a Lak state that was established in present-day Dagestan after the disintegration of Gazikumukh Shamkhalate in 1642. Its peoples included various Lezgin tribes and Avars. State structure Supreme council Khanate was ruled by the supreme council known as "Kat" in Lak or "Divan" where viziers, main qadis, warlords and the ruler participated in the meetings. Local governments consisted of jama'at, council of chiefs, judge and executor. Police functions were performed by the khan's noukers. Territory The state of Laks consisted of one Lakia that was divided into such territories as "Kullal", "Uri-Mukarki", "Machaymi", "Vitskhi", "Gumuchi" and "Bartki". Khalklavchi Alibek II Election After the transfer of the capital of shamkhalate to Tarki, in Gazi-Kumukh was ruled by the supreme council.Казикумухские и кюринские ханы. ССКГ. Вып. II. СПб. 1868. In 1642 Alibek II, son of Tuchilav, son of Alibek I, son of Chopan-shamkha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebrahim Khan Afshar
Ebrahim Khan Afshar was a military commander and statesman during the eighteenth century in Afsharid Persia. He was the younger brother of the Shah of Iran, Nader Shah, and was appointed to high office after Nader came to prominence due to his military campaigns which restored the Safavid dynasty to power again. Although he commanded men under the authority of his brother throughout the early Naderian wars he never held any independent commands until being given autonomous command over the Persian army in the Caucasus. At the same time that Nader Shah launched his invasion of the Hotaki homeland, meant for a spring-board for the invasion of Mughal India, Ebrahim Kham took the field against the Lezgis in Daghestan. The campaign in Daghestan began well for Ebrahim; he was able to force a pitched battle with the Lezgis in which he won defeated them overwhelmingly. However he was later ambushed in a valley by a small band of Lezgis who fell upon his meagre company of riders and slew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teimuraz II Of Kartli
Teimuraz II ( ka, თეიმურაზ II) (1680/1700–1762) of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king of Kakheti, eastern Georgia, from 1732 to 1744, then of Kartli from 1744 until his death. Teimuraz was also a lyric poet. Life He was a son of Erekle I and his wife Anna. Together with his mother, Teimuraz ruled as regent for his absent brother David II (Imam Quli-Khan) from 1709 to 1715. In 1732, the Turks killed the next king and Teimuraz’s other brother, Constantine, and took control of his kingdom. His successor, Teimuraz, fled to the mountains of Pshavi and fought the occupants from there. In July 1735, the resurgent Persian ruler Nader Shah Afshar invaded Kakheti and forced the Turks out of most of eastern Georgia. Nader summoned Teimuraz to his headquarters at Erivan and, upon his refusal to convert to Islam, had him detained. Kakheti was placed under the nominal government of Teimuraz's Muslim nephew Ali Mirza. In October 1735, Teimuraz escaped to the mountains of K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia (, ; ) is a transcontinental country at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, by Russia to the north and northeast, by Turkey to the southwest, by Armenia to the south, and by Azerbaijan to the southeast. The country covers an area of , and has a population of 3.7 million people. Tbilisi is its capital as well as its largest city, home to roughly a third of the Georgian population. During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. In the early 4th century, ethnic Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of the early Georgian states. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom decl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamshadil
Shamshadil (also spelled Shams al-Din or Shamshadin) was a sultanate (a semi-autonomous district governed by a military commander) in the South Caucasus established in 1747. It was located in what is now northeastern Armenia and northwestern Azerbaijan. Background During the Safavid period, Shamshadil was part of the Qarabagh province, which was governed by the Ziyadoghlu branch of the Qajar tribe. After Nader repelled the Ottomans from the area in 1735, he appointed Ughurlu Khan Ziyadoghlu Qajar as its khan. The latter was the only khan who did not support Nader when he petitioned to became shah (king) of Iran at the Mughan assembly. This led to Nader Shah curtail the power of the tribe by splitting the Qarabagh province. The Zangezur district was given to the ''beglarbeg'' (governor-general) of Tabriz; the autonomy of the Armenian Melikdoms was restored, and Borchalu, Qazzaq and Shamshadil were given to the Georgian king Teimuraz II of Kakheti (). Ughurlu Khan was thus onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
