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Schwickart The Younger Of Sickingen
Schwickart the Younger of Sickingen (german: Schwickart der Jüngere von Sickingen) (–1478), also written Schweikart, Schweickart or Swicker, was an imperial knight and, from 1459, held the office of ''Amtmann'' (akin to a bailiff) in the Electoral Palatine ''Amt'' of Bretten. Family Schwickart was the son of Schwickart VI of Sickingen (died before 1468) and Elisabeth Landschad of Steinach. He married Anna Spet of Zwiefalten, daughter of Albert Spet of Zwiefalten and Clara of Ehestetten. Their marriage produced a son, Conrad, who was appointed as advocate, or ''Vogt'', of Bretten from 1504 to 1508. Life Schwickart of Sickingen came from an old Kraichgau aristocratic family. His duties as ''amtmann'' are recorded in a deed as follows: he is to vouchsafe legal protection for all the townsfolk and inhabitants of the ''Amt''. He is also to provide escorts free of charge for all tradesmen, pilgrims and travellers on the "escort roads" (''Geleitstraßen'') - part of a law known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Knight
The Free Imperial knights (german: link=no, Reichsritter la, Eques imperii) were free nobles of the Holy Roman Empire, whose direct overlord was the Emperor. They were the remnants of the medieval free nobility (''edelfrei'') and the ministeriales. What distinguished them from other knights, who were vassals of a higher lord, was the fact that they had been granted Imperial immediacy, and as such were the equals in most respects to the other individuals or entities, such as the secular and ecclesiastical territorial rulers of the Empire (margraves, dukes, princes, counts, archbishops, bishops, abbots, etc.) and the Free Imperial cities, that also enjoyed Imperial immediacy. However, unlike all of those, the Imperial knights did not possess the status of Estates (''Stände'') of the Empire, and therefore were not represented, individually or collectively, in the Imperial Diet. They tended to define their responsibilities to the Empire in terms of feudalized obligations to the E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraichgau
The Kraichgau () is a hilly region in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Odenwald and the Neckar to the North, the Black Forest to the South, and the Upper Rhine Plain to the West. To the east, its boundary is considered to be the Stromberg and the Heuchelberg. The largest towns of the Kraichgau are Sinsheim, Eppingen, and Bretten. On the western end of the Kraichgau is the town of Bruchsal, the gateway to the Rhineland plains. Origins of the name The word "Kraich" apparently arose from the Celtic word "Creuch," meaning "mud" or "loam." The territory of a Gau (country subdivision) signifies an open area, free from woods, such as farmland or meadows. The area of Kraichgau was first mentioned in the Early Middle Ages, in the Lorsch codex, as "Creichgowe" in the year 769. In 773, it was called "Chrehgauui," in 778 "Craichgoia." By 1594, the name was closer to its modern form, being referred to as "Kreuchgau." See also *Aalkistensee Aalk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1478 Deaths
Year 1478 ( MCDLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 14 – Novgorod surrenders to Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow. * January 15 – Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York is married to Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk. * February 18 – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London. * April 26 – The Pazzi Family attacks Lorenzo de' Medici, and kills his brother Giuliano, during High Mass in Florence Cathedral. * May 14 – The Siege of Shkodra, Albania begins. * November – Eskender succeeds his father Baeda Maryam, as Emperor of Ethiopia, at the age of six. * November 1 – The Spanish Inquisition begins. * December 28 – Battle of Giornico: Swiss troops defeat the Milanese. Date unknown * Grand Duchy of Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubstadt-Weiher
Ubstadt-Weiher is a municipality in northern Karlsruhe district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on Bertha Benz Memorial Route The Bertha Benz Memorial Route is a German tourist and theme route in Baden-Württemberg and member of the European Route of Industrial Heritage. It opened in 2008 and follows the tracks of the world's first long distance road trip by a vehic .... The four villages that make up the municipality are (in order of size): Ubstadt, Weiher, Zeutern, and Stettfeld. The area in between and around these villages is numbered with grape vineyards. There are many wineries found in these villages. References External links Official WebsiteBertha Benz Memorial Route Karlsruhe (district) {{Karlsruhedistrict-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tithe
A tithe (; from Old English: ''teogoþa'' "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash or cheques or more recently via online giving, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural produce. After the separation of church and state, church tax linked to the tax system are instead used in many countries to support their national church. Donations to the church beyond what is owed in the tithe, or by those attending a congregation who are not members or adherents, are known as offerings, and often are designated for specific purposes such as a building program, debt retirement, or mission work. Many Christian denominations hold Jesus taught that tithing must be done in conjunction with a deep concern for "justice, mercy and faithfulness" (cf. Matthew 23:23). Tithing was taught at early Christian church councils, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morgen (unit)
A morgen was a unit of measurement of land area in Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Lithuania and the Dutch colonies, including South Africa and Taiwan. The size of a morgen varies from . It was also used in Old Prussia, in the Balkans, Norway and Denmark, where it was equal to about . The word is identical with the German and Dutch word for "morning", because, similarly to the Imperial acre, it denoted the acreage that could be furrowed in a morning's time by a man behind an ox or horse dragging a single bladed plough. The ''morgen'' was commonly set at about 60–70% of the ''tagwerk'' (German for "day work") referring to a full day of ploughing. In 1869, the North German Confederation fixed the morgen at a but in modern times most farmland work is measured in full hectares. The next lower measurement unit was the German "rute" or Imperial rod but the metric rod length of never became popular. A unit derived from the Dutch morgen is still used in Taiwan today, called " kah" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German ''gulden'', originally shortened from Middle High German ''guldin pfenninc'' "gold penny". This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Roman Empire for the Fiorino d'oro (introduced in 1252). Hence, the name has often been interchangeable with ''florin'' ( currency sign ''Æ’'' or ''fl.''). The guilder is also the name of several currencies used in Europe and the former colonies of the Dutch Empire. Gold guilder The guilder or gulden was the name of several gold coins used during the Holy Roman Empire. It first referred to the Italian gold florin introduced in the 13th century. It then referred to the Rhenish gulden (florenus Rheni) issued by several states of the Holy Roman Empire from the 14th century. The Rhenish gulden was issued by Trier, Cologne and Mainz in the 14th and 15th centuries. Basel minted its own ''Apfelgulden'' between 1429 and 1509. Bern and Solothurn followed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geleitrecht
The ''Geleitrecht'' ("right of escort") in the Holy Roman Empire was the escorting of travellers or goods guaranteed by the right holder (''Geleitherr'' or "escort lord") within a specified territory or on specific routes. It was a way of providing a form of safe passage for a fee. Operation The right of escort was, in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period, before the emergence of modern statehood with its monopoly on violence, a means of ensuring legal certainty for travellers. An escort was guaranteed by the holder of the right in return for the payment of an escort fee (''Geleitgeld''). It was thus a popular source of income for the territorial lords. They were able to use their original military prowess and "sell" it for highly prized, hard cash, in an economy that, in the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern period, was overwhelmingly based on barter and natural produce. The boundaries between the regions of the individual escort lords (''Geleitherr'') were marked by escort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deed
In common law, a deed is any legal instrument in writing which passes, affirms or confirms an interest, right, or property and that is signed, attested, delivered, and in some jurisdictions, sealed. It is commonly associated with transferring (conveyancing) title to property. The deed has a greater presumption of validity and is less rebuttable than an instrument signed by the party to the deed. A deed can be unilateral or bilateral. Deeds include conveyances, commissions, licenses, patents, diplomas, and conditionally powers of attorney if executed as deeds. The deed is the modern descendant of the medieval charter, and delivery is thought to symbolically replace the ancient ceremony of livery of seisin. The traditional phrase ''signed, sealed and delivered'' refers to the practice of seals; however, attesting witnesses have replaced seals to some extent. Agreements under seal are also called contracts by deed or ''specialty''; in the United States, a specialty is en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristocratic Family
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristics associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles or simply formal functions (e.g., precedence), and vary by country and by era. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically hereditary and patrilineal. Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, and acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, ownerships, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility. There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been much more common in monarchies, but nobility also existed in such regimes as the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), the Republic of Genoa (1005†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Sickingen
The House of Sickingen is an old southwest German Nobility, noble family. The lords of Sickingen belonged to the Kraichgau nobility and from 1797 to the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial nobility. Significant relatives emerged from the family, who achieved great influence in both spiritual and secular offices. Reinhard von Sickingen was Prince-bishop, Prince-Bishop of Prince-Bishopric of Worms, Worms from 1445 to 1482 and Kasimir Anton von Sickingen was Prince-Bishop of Prince-Bishopric of Constance, Constance from 1743 to 1750. Imperial Knight Franz von Sickingen (1481-1523) was leader of the Rhenish and Swabian knighthood. The Sickingen-Sickingen line of the family died out in 1834, the Sickingen-Hohenburgs in 1932. Lordship of Landstuhl The Lordship of Landstuhl was a knightly territory of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in today's Rhineland-Palatinate. Feuded by the Lords of Sickingen from the 16th to the 18th century, it fell to France along with the left bank of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amtmann
__NOTOC__ The ''Amtmann'' or ''Ammann'' (in Switzerland) was an official in German-speaking countries of Europe and in some of the Nordic countries from the time of the Middle Ages whose office was akin to that of a bailiff. He was the most senior retainer (''Dienstmann'') of an ''Amt''; the administrative office of a territorial lord ('' Landesherr'') created to manage the estates of manors (''Gutshöfe''), castles and villages. The estates were both administrative as well as juridical districts. The ''Amtmann'' was usually a member of the nobility or a cleric. In towns, he was also often a member of the wealthy classes amongst the citizenship. He resided in an ''Amthaus'' or ''Amtshaus'' and collected taxes from the district (''Amtsbezirk''), administered justice and maintained law and order with a small, armed unit. Later, the word ''Beamter'' superseded the older word ''Amtmann'' and has come to mean "official" or "civil servant". The word ''Amtmann'' is derived from ''ambet- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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