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Schaereria Bullata
''Schaereria bullata'' is a species of lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It is found in the alpine regions of Tasmania, Australia. This lichen species is characterized by its dark brown to grey-brown thallus, which forms irregular patches over soil or bryophytes, and consists of that coalesce to create convex to squamules. The lichen also features distinctive apothecia, which are roundish and typically superficial, and spherical spores. Taxonomy ''Schaereria bullata'' was described by Australian lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas. Its species epithet is derived from the Latin term ''bullato'', referring to the (convex) nature of its s. The type specimen for this species was found in Tasmania, specifically in the Legges Tor region, on skeletal soil or directly on flat rock surfaces in an alpine boulder field. Description The thallus of ''S. bullata'' has a dark brown to grey-brown colouration, occasionally with hints of reddish brown. It forms scattered patches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gintaras Kantvilas
Gintaras Kantvilas (born 1956) is an Australian lichenologist, who earned his Ph.D in 1985 from the University of Tasmania with a thesis entitled ''Studies on Tasmanian rainforest lichens''. He has authored over 432 species names, and 167 genera in the field of mycology. Kanvilas completed his secondary education at St Virgil's College St Virgil's College is an independent Catholic primary and secondary day school for boys, located over two campuses in Austins Ferry and Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Established in 1911 by the Congregation of Christian Brothers, the College has ... in Hobart in 1973. In 1985, he was working for the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. In 1987 he was listing his affiliation as Department of Botany, University of Tasmania, in addition to the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. By 2001 his affiliation was listed as the Tasmanian Herbarium, and this has continued until at least 2018. The lichen genus, '' Kantvilasia'', is n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenium
The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some cells develop into sterile cells called cystidia (basidiomycetes) or paraphyses (ascomycetes). Cystidia are often important for microscopic identification. The subhymenium consists of the supportive hyphae from which the cells of the hymenium grow, beneath which is the hymenophoral trama, the hyphae that make up the mass of the hymenophore. The position of the hymenium is traditionally the first characteristic used in the classification and identification of mushrooms. Below are some examples of the diverse types which exist among the macroscopic Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. * In agarics, the hymenium is on the vertical faces of the gills. * In boletes and polypores, it is in a spongy mass of downward-pointing tubes. * In puffballs, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized fungi. It belongs to the subphylum Pezizomycotina in the phylum Ascomycota. The asci (spore-bearing cells) of the Lecanoromycetes most often release spores by rostrate dehiscence. Genera of uncertain placement The are several genera in the Lecanoromycetes that have not been placed into any order or family. These are: *''Argopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Ascographa ''Ascographa'' is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic In b ...'' - 1 sp. *'' Bartlettiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Bouvetiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Buelliastrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Haploloma'' – 1 sp. *'' Hosseusia'' – 3 spp. *'' Korfiomyces'' – 1 sp. *'' Maronella'' – 1 sp. *'' Notolecidea'' – 1 sp. *'' Petractis'' – 3 spp. *'' Piccolia'' – 10 spp. *'' Ravenelula'' – 2 spp. *'' R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schaereria
''Schaereria'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the sole genus in the family Schaereriaceae, which itself is the only family in the Schaereriales, an order in the subclass Ostropomycetidae of the class Lecanoromycetes. Taxonomy The genus name of ''Schaereria'' is in honour of Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer (1785–1853), who was a Swiss pastor and lichenologist. Genus ''Schaereria'' was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855, with ''Schaereria lugubris'' assigned as the type species. The genus was accepted a few years later by Theodor Magnus Fries. It subsequently fell into disuse as William Nylander placed it in synonymy with ''Lecidea''. Josef Poelt and Antonín Vězda resurrected the genus in 1977, and included '' S. cinereorufa''. ''Schaereria'' is one of several dozen genera whose species were previously included in the large genus ''Lecidea''. However, ''Lecidea'' has a different ascus structure than ''Schaereria''. The family Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scree
Scree is a collection of broken rock fragments at the base of a cliff or other steep rocky mass that has accumulated through periodic rockfall. Landforms associated with these materials are often called talus deposits. Talus deposits typically have a concave upwards form, where the maximum inclination corresponds to the angle of repose of the mean debris particle size. The exact definition of scree in the primary literature is somewhat relaxed, and it often overlaps with both ''talus'' and ''colluvium''. The term ''scree'' comes from the Old Norse term for landslide, ''skriða'', while the term ''talus'' is a French word meaning a slope or embankment. In high-altitude arctic and subarctic regions, scree slopes and talus deposits are typically adjacent to hills and river valleys. These steep slopes usually originate from late-Pleistocene periglacial processes. Notable scree sites in Eastern North America include the Ice Caves at White Rocks National Recreation Area in southern Ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boulder Field
A blockfieldWhittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984, pp. 66 and 190. . (also spelt block fieldLeser, Hartmut, ed. (2005). ''Wörterbuch Allgemeine Geographie'', 13th ed., dtv, Munich, pp. 107 and 221. . ), felsenmeer, boulder field or stone field is a surface covered by boulder- or block-sized angular rocks usually associated with alpine and subpolar climates and periglaciation. Blockfields differ from screes and talus slope in that blockfields do not apparently originate from mass wastings. They are believed to be formed by frost weathering below the surface. An alternative theory that modern blockfields may have originated from chemical weathering that occurred in the Neogene when the climate was relatively warmer. Following this thought the blockfields would then have been reworked by periglacial action. Most known blockfields are located in the northern hemisphere. Examples can be found in Abisko National Park in Sweden, Snowdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Coast Range
The West Coast Range is a mountain range located in the West Coast region of Tasmania, Australia. The range lies to the west and north of the main parts of the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park. The range has had a significant number of mines utilising the geologically rich zone of Mount Read Volcanics. A number of adjacent ranges lie to the east: the Engineer Range, the Raglan Range, the Eldon Range, and the Sticht Range but in most cases these are on a west–east alignment, while the West Coast Range runs in a north–south direction, following the Mount Read volcanic arc. The range has encompassed multiple land uses including the catchment area for Hydro Tasmania dams, mines, transport routes and historical sites. Of the communities that have existed actually in the range itself, Gormanston, is probably the last to remain. Geographical features These are determined by a number of factors - the southerly direction of glaciation in the King River V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbilicaria Subglabra
Rock tripe is the common name for various lichens of the genus ''Umbilicaria'' that grow on rocks. They are widely distributed, including on bare rock in Antarctica, and throughout northern parts of North America such as New England and the Rocky Mountains. They are edible when properly prepared; soaking extensively and boiling with changes of water removes the bitterness and purgative properties. They have been used as a famine food in extreme cases when other food sources were unavailable, as by early American northern explorers. ''Umbilicaria esculenta'' is commonly used as a food in Asian cuisine and a restorative medicine in traditional Chinese medicine. It is called ''shi'er'' (石耳 "rock ear") in Chinese cuisine, ''iwatake'' (岩茸 "rock mushroom") in Japanese cuisine, and ''seogi'' (석이(石耳)) or ''seogibeoseot'' (석이버섯) in Korean cuisine. Species *''Umbilicaria americana'' *''Umbilicaria antarctica'' *''Umbilicaria aprina'' *''Umbilicaria arctica'' *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crustose Lichen
Crustose lichens are lichens that form a crust which strongly adheres to the Substrate (biology), substrate (soil, rock, tree bark, etc.), making separation from the substrate impossible without destruction. The basic structure of crustose lichens consists of a cortex (botany), cortex layer, an algal layer, and a medulla. The upper cortex layer is differentiated and is usually pigmented. The algal layer lies beneath the cortex. The medulla fastens the lichen to the substrate and is made up of Fungus, fungal hyphae. The surface of crustose lichens is characterized by branching cracks that periodically close in response to climatic variations such as alternate wetting and drying regimes. Subtypes * Powdery – considered as the simplest subtype due to the absence of an organized thallus. :The thallus appears powdery. :E.g. Genera ''Lepraria'', ''Vezdaea'' * Endolithic – grows inside the rock, usually in interstitial spaces between mineral grains. The :upper cortex is usually d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protoparmelia Badia
''Protoparmelia badia'' is a species of crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is a widely distributed, common species that grows on rocks. Taxonomy The lichen was first formally described by German botanist Georg Franz Hoffmann in 1796, as ''Verrucaria badia''. It has been shuffled between several genera in its taxonomic history, and has been associated with many synonyms. In 1986, Austrian lichenologist Josef Hafellner transferred it to the newly created genus '' Protoparmelia'', in which it is the type species. Description The thallus of ''Protoparmelia badia'' ranges in colour from pale to deep greyish-brown to yellowish brown. It has a texture that is areolate (a pattern of block-like areas similar to cracked dried mud) to verrucose (covered with wartlike projections), and is shiny. Its apothecia are lecanorine (shaped like a plate with a ring around them), and typically measure 0.7–1.5 mm in diameter. The discs are dark red-brown and shiny, while the smoo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podetium
A podetium (plural: podetia) is the upright secondary thallus in ''Cladonia'' lichens. It is a hollow stalk extending from the primary thallus. Podetia can be pointed stalks, club like, cupped, or branched in shape and may or may not contain the ascocarp, the fruiting body, of the lichen. It is not considered part of the primary thallus as it is a fruiting structure for reproduction Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents. Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life; each individual or .... A lichen can be described as "podetiate" when it forms a podetium. References {{reflist Fungal morphology and anatomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
