Saint-Héand
Saint-Héand () is a commune in the Loire department in central France, 12 kilometres from Saint-Étienne. The name ''Héand'' comes from the Latin Eugendus; and was given to the town either by the saint himself when founding a monastery, or by pilgrims bringing relics there. Population Twin towns Saint-Héand is twinned with Ingelfingen, Germany, since 1991. See also *Communes of the Loire department The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Saint-Étienne Métropole
Saint-Étienne Métropole () is the ''métropole'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Saint-Étienne. It is located in the Loire department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, central France. It was created in January 2018, replacing the previous ''Communauté urbaine Saint-Étienne Métropole''. Its area is 723.5 km2. Its population was 404,607 in 2018, of which 173,089 in Saint-Étienne proper.Comparateur de territoire
INSEE. 4 April 2022.

History

In 1995, Saint-Étienne Métropole was created as a communauté de communes, consisting of 22 communes. This was converted into a

Ingelfingen
Ingelfingen is a town in the Hohenlohe (district), Hohenlohe district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Kocher, 4 km northwest of Künzelsau, and 36 km northeast of Heilbronn. History Numerous archeological findings from the Hallstatt culture, the La Tène culture and the late Stone Age show that the area has been inhabited since at least 5000 years with interruptions. The first permanent settlement has been documented in a document from 1080 of the Comburg monastery and later in 1248 in a letter by Pope Innocent IV. In 1323, the city officially acquired the rights of a "market town". During the 30 years' war, the city suffered from heavy damages. Under the Hohenlohe Dynasty, Count Graf Christian Kraft of Hohenlohe moved into Ingelfingen in 1701 and built a residence today known as "Neues Schloss" (). As a result of this, the village experienced heavy growth. The last noblemen residing in Ingelfingen was Friedrich Ludwig who built the "Mar ...
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Communes Of The Loire Department
The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):Périmètre des groupements en 2025
BANATIC. Accessed 28 May 2025. * Saint-Étienne Métropole *CA Loire Forez Agglomération *CA *
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Communes Of France
A () is a level of administrative divisions of France, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in Canada and the United States; ' in Germany; ' in Italy; ' in Spain; or civil parishes in the United Kingdom. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the Municipal arrondissem ...
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Loire (department)
Loire (; ; ; or ''Leir'') is a landlocked département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France occupying the river Loire's upper reaches. Its prefecture is Saint-Étienne. It had a population of 765,634 in 2019.Populations légales 2019: 42 Loire
INSEE

History

Loire was created in 1793 when the Rhône-et-Loire département was split into two, about three years after it was created in 1790. This was a response to counter-revolutionary activities in

Departments Of France
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivity, territorial collectivities"), between the Regions of France, administrative regions and the Communes of France, communes. There are a total of 101 departments, consisting of ninety-six departments in metropolitan France, and five Overseas department and region, overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Departments are further subdivided into 333 Arrondissements of France, arrondissements and 2,054 Cantons of France, cantons (as of 2023). These last two levels of government have no political autonomy, instead serving as the administrative basis for the local organisation of police, fire departments, and, in certain cases, elections. Each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council (France), departmental council ( , ). From 1800 to April 2015, these were called gene ...
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Saint-Étienne
Saint-Étienne (; Franco-Provençal: ''Sant-Etiève''), also written St. Etienne, is a city and the prefecture of the Loire département, in eastern-central France, in the Massif Central, southwest of Lyon, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Saint-Étienne is the thirteenth most populated commune in France and the second most populated commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Its metropolis (''métropole''), Saint-Étienne Métropole, is the second most populous regional metropolis after Lyon. The commune is also at the heart of a vast metropolitan area with 406,868 inhabitants (2020), the eighteenth largest in France by population, comprising 105 communes. Its inhabitants are known as ''Stéphanois'' (masculine) and ''Stéphanoises'' (feminine). Long known as the French city of the "weapon, cycle and ribbon" and a major coal mining centre, Saint-Étienne is currently engaged in a vast urban renewal program aimed at leading the transition from the industrial city inherited fro ...
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Eugendus
Eugendus (also Augendus; ; 449 – January 1, 510) was the fourth abbot of Condat Abbey, at Saint-Claude, Jura. Life Eugendus was born at Izernore. He was instructed in reading and writing by his father, who had become a priest, and at the age of seven was entrusted to Romanus and Lupicinus to be educated at Condat Abbey. Thenceforth he never left the monastery. Eugendus acquired much learning, read the Greek and Latin authors, and was well versed in the Scriptures. He led a life of great austerity, but out of humility did not wish to be ordained priest.Meier, Gabriel. "St. Eugendus." The Catholic Encyclopedia
Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909 Abbot Minausius made him his

Town Twinning
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of international links between municipalities akin to what are known as sister cities or twin towns today dating back to the 9th century, the modern concept was first established and adopted worldwide during World War II. Origins of the modern concept Throughout history, many cities have participated in various cultural exchanges and similar activities that might resemble a sister-city or twin-city relationship, but the first officially documented case of such a relationship was a signed agreement between the leaders of the cities of Toledo, Ohio and Toledo, Spain in 1931. However, the modern concept of town twinning appeared during the Second World War. More specifically, it was inspired by the bombing of Coventry on 14 November 1940, known as t ...
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