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Rutoceratidae
Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily TainocerataceaeKummel 1964, Nautiloidea-Nautilida; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K: Nautiloidea, Teichert & Moore (eds) They are generally characterized by cyrtoconic and gyroconic shells, commonly with spines, nodes, or frills, although some included genera are almost orthoconic, and a commonly empty, tubular ventral siphuncle. The Rutocertids lived during the Devonian and Mississippian (early Carboniferous) and are the ancestral stock of Nautilida. Within the superfamily Taintocerataceae, rutoceratids gave rise to the exclusively Devonian family Tetragonoceratidae and near the start of the Mississippian to the family Koninckioceratidae which lasted into the Permian and to Tainoceratidae which lasted through most of the Triassic. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nautilida
The Nautilida constitute a large and diverse order of generally coiled nautiloid cephalopods that began in the mid Paleozoic and continues to the present with a single family, the Nautilidae which includes two genera, ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus'', with six species. All told, between 22 and 34 families and 165 to 184 genera have been recognised, making this the largest order of the subclass Nautiloidea. Classification and phylogeny Current classification The current classification of the Nautilida, in prevalent use, is that of Bernhard Kummel (Kummel 1964) in the Treatise which divides the Nautilida into five superfamilies, the Aipocerataceae, Clydonautilaceae, Tainocerataceae, and Trigonocerataceae, mostly of the Paleozoic, and the later Nautilaceae. These include 22 families and some 165 or so genera (Teichert and Moore 1964) Other concepts Shimansky 1962 (in Kummel 1964) divided the Nautilida into five suborders, the mostly Paleozoic Centroceratina, Liroceratina, Rutoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tainocerataceae
The Tainoceratoidea are a superfamily in the cephalopod order Nautilida characterized by straight to loosely coiled shells, generally to a degree such that the width is greater than the height, to quadrate whorl section. Many bore spines, ribs, frills, wings, or nodes. In early forms, the siphuncle is generally near ventral, but more variable (usually central) in advanced forms. Tainoceratoids are derived from the Oncocerida through the Rutoceratidae which first appear in the Lower Devonian. The Rutoceratidae gave rise to the exclusively Devonian Tetragonoceratidae and early on the Mississippian or late the Devonian to the Tainoceratidae and Koninckioceratidae. The Tainoceratidae gave rise to the Rhiphaeoceratidae which are confined to the Permian. The Tainoceratoidea, established by Alpheus Hyatt Alpheus Hyatt (April 5, 1838 – January 15, 1902) was an American zoologist and palaeontologist. Biography Alpheus Hyatt II was born in Washington, D.C. to Alpheus Hyatt a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hercoceras
''Hercoceras'' is a genus of trochoidally coiled nautiloid cephalopods placed in the nautilid family Rutoceratidae. These cephalopod lived i in the Eifelian age of the middle Devonian Period, which occurred 398-391 million years ago. Their shells have prominent lateral outgrowths in the form of spines and a high intraspecific variability. Systematic The Paleobiology database places ''Hercoceras'' in the family Rutoceratidae in the order Nautilida, but according to some authors it should not be considered an early nautilid. They place this genus in the family Hercoceratidae in the superfamily Rutoceratoidea in the order Oncocerida The Oncocerida comprise a diverse group of generally small nautiloid cephalopods known from the Middle Ordovician to the Mississippian (early Carboniferous; one possible member is known from the Early Permian), in which the connecting rings are t .... Species * '' Hercoceras mirum'' Barrande * '' Hercoceras transiens'' Barrande References The Pale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oncocerida
The Oncocerida comprise a diverse group of generally small nautiloid cephalopods known from the Middle Ordovician to the Mississippian (early Carboniferous; one possible member is known from the Early Permian), in which the connecting rings are thin and siphuncle segments are variably expanded (Flower, 1950). At present the order consists of some 16 families, a few of which, such as the Oncoceratidae, Brevicoceratidae, and Acleistoceratidae contain a fair number of genera each while others like the Trimeroceratidae and Archiacoceratidae are represented by only two or three (Sweet, 1964). Physical characteristics The shells of oncocerids are primarily somewhat compressed cyrtoconic brevicones. More advanced forms include gyrocones, serpenticones, torticones, and elongate orthocones and cyrtocones, reflective of the different families and genera (Flower, 1950; Sweet, 1964). The siphuncle in the Oncocerida is commonly located at or near the ventral margin. Connecting rings are mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindeoceras
''Hindeoceras'' is a genus of nautilids from the middle Devonian of North America, included in the tainoceratacean family Rutoceratidae Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily Tainoceratac .... The shell of ''Hindioceras'' is described as large, gyroconic, with about 2 volutions, whorls being barely in contact. The inner margin or dorsum is broadly flattened to slightly concave, sides well rounded, the outer margin or venter arched. The surface is covered with nodes or spines in a regular rhythmic pattern. the siphuncle is near the venter, tubular, without organic deposits. There is a well developed hyponomic sinus for the hydro-jet or hyponome on ventral side of the aperture. References * Bernhard Kummel, 1964. Nautiloidea-Natilida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tainoceratidae
Tainoceratidae is a family of late Paleozoic and Triassic nautiloids that are a part of the order Nautilida, characterized by large, generally evolute shells with quadrate to rectangular whorl sections. Shells may bear ribs or nodes, or both. Tainoceratidae forms the larger of the two branches of the superfamily Tainocerataceae derived from the earlier family Rutoceratidae around the end of the Devonian or early in the Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous). The other branch is the family Koninckioceratidae, which is confined to the Paleozoic. The family Tainoceratidae, in contrast, extends to almost to the end of the Triassic and during the Early Permian, possibly gave rise to the small family, Rhiphaeoceratidae. The Tainoceratids are contemporary with the family Grypoceratidae, the dominant trigonoceratacean family, and with the family Liroceratidae form the bulk of species in the superfamily Clydonautilaceae, all three of which have the same Early Carboniferous to Triassic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halloceras
''Halloceras'' is a gyroconic rutoceratid from the Lower Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, whe ... of North America, with a subtriangular whorl section, narrow dorsum (on the inner side), divergent flanks, and broad, rounded venter (on the outer side), frills at various growth points, suture with shallow ventral and lateral lobes, and a small siphuncle near the venter. ''Halloceras'' was named by Hyatt in 1884. The type us ''Halloceras undulatum''. References *Bernhard Kümmel, 1964 Nautiloidea-Nautilida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K, Mollusca 3. Teichert and Moore, eds. Geol Soc of America and Univ Kansas Press. Nautiloids Devonian animals Devonian animals of North America {{paleo-cephalopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homoadelphoceras
''Homoadelphoceras'' is a genus of gyroconic rutoceratid Nautiloid from the Middle Devonian of central Europe. Whorls not in contact, venter and dorsum, (outer and inner rims), broadly rounded. Dorso-lateral and ventro-lateral flanks more or less flat, meet at an angle. ''Homoadelphoceras'' resembles ''Adelphoceras ''Adelphoceras'' is a genus of middle Devonian coiled nautiloids from Europe with an oval whorl section and shallow depressed zone on the inner, dorsal, rim; a strongly contracted T-shaped aperture; ventral siphuncle containing actinosiphonate dep ...'' which differs in that its whorls are in contact, producing an impressed zone on the inner rim, or dorsum. Both are close to their oncocerid ancestors in that their siphuncles contain laminar actinosiphonate deposits. References * Bernard Kummel, 1964. Nautiloidea - Nautilida; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K. Geological Society of America. Homoadelphcerasin Fossilworks. Prehistoric nautiloid gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelphoceras
''Adelphoceras'' is a genus of middle Devonian coiled nautiloids from Europe with an oval whorl section and shallow depressed zone on the inner, dorsal, rim; a strongly contracted T-shaped aperture; ventral siphuncle containing actinosiphonate deposits, and two rows of spines on either side. ''Adelphoceras'' is included in the nautilid family Rutoceratidae Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily Tainocerat ..., and is also a part of the Tainoceratoidea. References * Bernhard Kummel, 1964. Nautiloidea - Nautilida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press. Prehistoric nautiloid genera Fossil taxa described in 1870 {{paleo-nautiloidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetragonoceratidae
The Tetragonoceratidae is a small family of nautilitids constituting a part of the superfamily Tainocerataceae in which shells are coiled with a generally quadrate whorl section. Coiling is either gyroconic or evoluute with a slight dorsal impression. Flanks diverge from the umbilical to the ventral shoulders so as to make the whorl sections widest close to the venter. Nodes made develop on the flanks and shoulders. The siphuncle is tubular, typically found near the venter. Sutures are with lateral lobes and may possess dorsal and ventral lobes as well. The Tetragonoceratidae, which is an early offshoot of the Rutoceratidae Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily Tainoceratac ..., contains three genera (as of 1964), all confined to the Middle Devonian: '' Tetragonoceras'', '' Nassauoce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diademoceras
''Diademoceras'' is a genus of nautiloid cephalopods from the middle Devonian of North America, named by Rousseau Flower in 1945. The genus is a tainoceratacean included in the nautilid family Rutoceratidae Rutoceratidae is a family of prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the order Oncocerida early in the Devonian. Rutoceratidae comprise a family within the oncocerid superfamily Tainoceratac .... The shell of ''Diademoceras'' is gyroconic, of no more than two whorls, coiled such that whorls do not touch. Whorls are broad, section depressed, sides converge ventrally meeting at a well developed keel. Ornamentation consists of a series of spines on either side as well as transverse striae which form a well developed hyponomic sinus (for the funnel) on the venter. Sutures are straight across the venter, but form a broad shallow lobe on the dorsum. The siphuncle is close to the venter, composed of straight and empty segme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goldringia
''Goldringia'' is an extinct nautilid of the Rutoceratidae family that lived during the Middle Devonian. It is known from New York, Ohio, and Indiana in the United States. ''Goldringia'', named by Rousseau Flower in 1945, has a gyroconic shell, coiled so as whorls do not touch. The cross section is slightly broader than high; the dorsum on the inside curvature is flatter than venter on the outside curvature. The siphuncle is ventral, tubular and free of organic deposits. The shell is encircled periodically by crenulate frills, each of which is bent apically so as for form a well defined hyponomic sinus, but are without spoutlike or spinose projections. ''Halloceras ''Halloceras'' is a gyroconic rutoceratid from the Lower Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the begin ...'', from the Lower Devonian, is a similar, gyroconic rutoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
