River Calder, West Yorkshire
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River Calder, West Yorkshire
The River Calder is a river in West Yorkshire, in Northern England. The Calder rises on Heald Moor in Lancashire close to the source of another river with the same name, and then flows east into West Yorkshire through green countryside, former woollen-mill villages and towns before joining the River Aire near Castleford. The river's valley is generally known as the Calder Valley. The name Calderdale usually refers to the large urban and rural borough (centred on Halifax) through which the upper river flows. The lower reaches flow through the boroughs of Kirklees (based on Huddersfield) and Wakefield. However, the river does not flow through the centres of Halifax and Huddersfield, which are on the Calder's main tributaries, Hebble Brook and the River Colne respectively. The only large town centres through which the Calder flows are Brighouse, Mirfield, Dewsbury and the city of Wakefield. The river itself is only navigable in short sections, but these sections are connecte ...
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England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The English language, the Anglican Church, and Engli ...
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Hebble Brook
Hebble Brook is the body of water passing south from Ogden Reservoir, at Ogden, through Halifax and empties into the River Calder at Salterhebble. Toponymy The name Hebble is a back formation from the local dialect for a narrow, short planked bridge. Ogden Water The reservoir itself (known as Ogden Water) is sourced from water draining off Skirden Edge, through Skirden Clough, to the west and from the north the reservoir takes in water from Deep Gulf and Spa Flat, above the now disused Fly Delph Quarry, through the Great Scar and Ogden Clough. The reservoir is deep, holds of water and was completed in 1858 to supply fresh water to Halifax. The water is surrounded by of mixed conifer and broad leafed nature reserve that attracts 300,000 visitors a year. The construction of the reservoir was started in 1854. The scheme employed 500 men. It was finished in 1858. It can supply Halifax with water by gravity alone. Course The Middle Grain Beck and Carrs Beck flow into Hebble Br ...
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Carboniferous
The Carboniferous ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, million years ago. The name ''Carboniferous'' means "coal-bearing", from the Latin '' carbō'' ("coal") and '' ferō'' ("bear, carry"), and refers to the many coal beds formed globally during that time. The first of the modern 'system' names, it was coined by geologists William Conybeare and William Phillips in 1822, based on a study of the British rock succession. The Carboniferous is often treated in North America as two geological periods, the earlier Mississippian and the later Pennsylvanian. Terrestrial animal life was well established by the Carboniferous Period. Tetrapods (four limbed vertebrates), which had originated from lobe-finned fish during the preceding Devonian, became pentadactylous in and diversified during the Carboniferous, including early amphibian line ...
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Horbury
Horbury is a town in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is situated north of the River Calder about three miles (5 km) south west of Wakefield and two miles (3 km) to the south of Ossett. It includes the outlying areas of Horbury Bridge and Horbury Junction. At the 2001 census the Horbury and South Ossett ward of Wakefield Metropolitan District Council had a population of 10,002. At the 2011 census the population was 15,032. Old industries include woollens, engineering and building wagons for the railways. Horbury forms part of the Heavy Woollen District. History Toponymy The name Horbury is attested in 1086 as ''(H)orberie''. It is derived from Old English ''horu'' 'dirty land' and ''burh'' (in its dative form ''byrig''), which translates as 'filthy fortification' or 'stronghold on muddy land'. Other spellings include Orberie, Horbiry and Horberie. The name possibly referred to a fortification near an o ...
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Copley, West Yorkshire
Copley is a village in the metropolitan borough of Calderdale, in the county of West Yorkshire, England, south of Halifax and east of Sowerby Bridge. It is situated by the River Calder and the Calder and Hebble Navigation canal. Facilities It was served by Copley railway station from 1856 to 1931. Today the village has a hairdressers, a health spa, a garage, Land Rover and Camper Van dealerships and one pub, The Volunteer Arms. St Stephens Church, built in 1861-1865 by Colonel Edward Akroyd for the workers at his textile mill is an early work of the local architect William Henry Crossland. The village has two sports clubs, Copley Cricket Club who play in the Halifax Cricket League and the Old Rishworthian rugby team. Both clubs are well established and Old Rishworthians currently play in Yorkshire 1 (level 7) of the RFU National League structure. Both clubs are located in picturesque settings with the Calder and Hebble Navigation to the north and the River Calder to the sou ...
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Luddendenfoot
Luddendenfoot or Luddenden Foot is a community in Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England. The population of Luddendenfoot is 2,547, with the wider Calderdale Ward (of the same name) at the 2011 Census as 10,653. It lies along the Upper Calder Valley below the village of Luddenden, between Sowerby Bridge and Mytholmroyd History The settlement grew up around the confluence of Luddenden Brook and the River Calder and the existence of the woollen textile industry. The industrial growth facilitated by the opening of the Rochdale Canal in 1804 and the opening of the Manchester and Leeds Railway in 1840. There were several mills including Boy Mill, Luddendenfoot Mill, Delph Mill and Denholme Mill. None of these mills remain in their original use. Between 1840 and 1962 the village was served by Luddendenfoot railway station. Luddendenfoot grew up around the industry along the river and brook, then later the canal; then the railway and then the A646 Burnley Road. In the late part of the ...
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Mytholmroyd
Mytholmroyd (pronounced ) is a large village in the Upper Calder Valley in West Yorkshire, England, east of Hebden Bridge. It lies east of Burnley and west of Halifax. The village, which has a population of approximately 4,000 is in the Luddendenfoot Ward of Calderdale Council and forms part of the Hebden Royd parish. The village holds regular markets. Mytholmroyd has business parks and a high street in the centre with many independent shops. It now is a designated conservation area, with more than 21 listed buildings in the village. It is often known to locals as 'Royd'. Toponym Mytholmroyd was recorded in the 13th century as "Mithomrode" and in the 17th century as "Mitholmroide". The name means 'a clearing for settlement, where two rivers meet', likely derived from the Old English ''(ge)mȳthum'' (inflected form of ''(ge)mȳthe'', "river mouth"), plus ''rodu'' ("field" or "clearing"). The ''l'' was probably inserted out of confusion with the common place-name element ' ...
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Eastwood, West Yorkshire
Eastwood is a place within the civil parish of Todmorden and Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England. It lies west from Halifax, roughly equidistant from Todmorden's town centre, which is to the southwest, and Hebden Bridge, which is 2 miles to the northeast, along the course of the River Calder. Eastwood falls within the Calder ward of Calderdale council. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, sources suggest that Eastwood's name was almost certainly taken from the Eastwoode family, who were local landowners active from the 13th to 17th centuries. Eastwood Old Hall is the former seat of this family, and remains as a landmark and manorhouse within the locality History The earliest reference for Eastwood is in 1286 when it was called ''Estwoode''. The name was almost certainly taken from the Eastwoode family who owned local land from the 13th to 17th centuries, and lived in Eastwood Old Hall. In the 19th century, Eastwood was an importan ...
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Cornholme
Cornholme is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England. It lies at the edge of Calderdale, on the boundary with Lancashire, and in the narrow Calder Valley about north-west of Todmorden (where the population is included). The village is close to the A646 Burnley Road. Cornholme was historically a part of Lancashire, and falls within the OL postcode area. The former principal industries of most of the Upper Calder Valley being cotton weaving and the manufacture of textile accessories such as shuttles and bobbins. The village became part of the West Riding of Yorkshire on 1 January 1888 and part of the Borough of Todmorden, within the West Riding, on 2 June 1896. The Gem was once a cinema. There are no cinemas in Cornholme today. Cornholme was until 1938 served by Cornholme railway station. Cornholme is the location of a number of scenes in the 2004 film ''My Summer of Love''. Famous residents * Thomas Southwell (zoologist) FRSE ...
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Walsden
Walsden (; ) is a large village in the civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ... of Todmorden in the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England, though Historic counties of England, historically partially administered in Lancashire (the Walsden Water as tributary to the River Calder, West Yorkshire, Calder serving as the county boundary), and close to the modern boundary with Greater Manchester. It lies along the A6033 road (Great Britain), A6033 Keighley to Littleborough road in the Walsden Valley, a branch of the Upper Calder Valley, and is south of Todmorden and north of Littleborough, Greater Manchester, Littleborough. Overview Walsden railway station, on the Leeds-Todmorden-Manchester line, originally opened in 1841 and re-opened 10 ...
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Common Brittonic
Common Brittonic ( cy, Brythoneg; kw, Brythonek; br, Predeneg), also known as British, Common Brythonic, or Proto-Brittonic, was a Celtic language spoken in Britain and Brittany. It is a form of Insular Celtic, descended from Proto-Celtic, a theorized parent tongue that, by the first half of the first millennium BC, was diverging into separate dialects or languages. Pictish is linked, likely as a sister language or a descendant branch. Evidence from early and modern Welsh shows that Common Brittonic took a significant amount of influence from Latin during the Roman period, especially in terms related to the church and Christianity. By the sixth century AD, the tongues of the Celtic Britons were more rapidly splitting into Neo-Brittonic: Welsh, Cumbric, Cornish, Breton, and possibly the Pictish language. Over the next three centuries it was replaced in most of Scotland by Scottish Gaelic and by Old English (from which descend Modern English and Scots) throughout most o ...
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