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Roigos
Roigos (Ῥοιγος; the Latin form would be Rhoegus) was an Odrysian king in Thrace during the 3rd century BC. He is known primarily from his rare coinage and a graffito inscription from the Kazanlăk Tomb revealed in 2008 by Konstantin Bošnakov. Roigos' obscurity contrasts with the apparently secure attribution of the opulent Kazanlăk Tomb to him, and his precise chronological position and relationships remain unclear. According to the graffito inscription, Roigos was the son of a Seuthes, but which of the kings named Seuthes is meant (if a king at all) is uncertain. Given the tomb's location near Seuthopolis and the widespread tendency to associate most spectacular finds in the area with the town's famous founder Seuthes III, Roigos has been declared a son of Seuthes III by some authors, and Gonimase (Gonimasē), wife of a Seuthes, has been proposed as Roigos' mother. Others have pointed out the possibility that the name "Roigos" is a variant orthography of "Raizdos" and have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odrysae
The Odrysian Kingdom (; Ancient Greek: ) was a state grouping many Thracian tribes united by the Odrysae, which arose in the early 5th century BC and existed at least until the late 1st century BC. It consisted mainly of present-day Bulgaria and parts of Southeastern Romania (Northern Dobruja), Northern Greece and European Turkey. Dominated by the eponymous Odrysian people, it was the largest and most powerful Thracian realm and the first larger political entity of the eastern Balkans. Before the foundation of Seuthopolis in the late 4th century it had no fixed capital. The Odrysian kingdom was founded by king Teres I, exploiting the collapse of the Persian presence in Europe due to failed invasion of Greece in 480–79. Teres and his son Sitalces pursued a policy of expansion, making the kingdom one of the most powerful of its time. Throughout much of its early history it remained an ally of Athens and even joined the Peloponnesian War on its side. By 400 the state showed first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raizdos
Raizdos (Ῥαίζδος, the Latin form would be Rhaezdus) was possibly a king of the Odrysians in Thrace in the early 3rd century BC. He is attested in an inscription from Delphi as the father of Kotys III, who was king sometime between 276 and 267 BC (the date of the inscription). The date and the names suggest the possibility that Raizdos was the son of Kotys II, himself attested in an inscription from Athens dated to 330 BC (perhaps before he became king, if he is to be identified as a son of Seuthes III). Several scholars have considered the name "Raizdos" a variant orthography of "Roigos", a Thracian royal name found on 3rd-century BC coins and in a graffito in the Kazanlăk Tomb, naming "Roigos, son of Seuthes."P. Todorova, "Sin na Sevt III pogreban v Kazanlăškata grobnica," 5/16/2008 https://news.bg/culture ; Dana 2015: 250 Even if the two names are variant forms of the same name, it remains uncertain whether Kotys III's father Raizdos can be identified with Roigos, son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seuthes III
Seuthes III ( grc, Σεύθης, Seuthēs) was a king of Odrysian kingdom, Odrysia, a part of Thrace, during the late 4th century BC (securely attested between 324 and 312 BC). Historical background Following the campaigns of Philip II of Macedon, Philip II in 347–342 BC a significant part of Thrace became subject to Macedon. While the three main rulers of Thrace attested during this period of Philip's reign disappear from the sources by the end of the 340s BC, it remains unclear to what extent native Thracian kingship was eliminated. The kings of Macedon governed Thrace through military governors (''stratēgoi''): Alexander of Lyncestis, Alexander son of Aeropus (341–334 BC), Memnon (334–327 BC), Zopyrion (327–325 BC). After Philip's death in 336 BC, several Thracian tribes revolted against Philip's son Alexander the Great, who defeated the Getae and King Syrmus of the Triballi. Other Thracians sent troops to join Alexander's army, such as the Thracian prince Sitalce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thrace
Thrace (; el, Θράκη, Thráki; bg, Тракия, Trakiya; tr, Trakya) or Thrake is a geographical and historical region in Southeast Europe, now split among Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey, which is bounded by the Balkan Mountains to the north, the Aegean Sea to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. It comprises southeastern Bulgaria (Northern Thrace), northeastern Greece (Western Thrace), and the European part of Turkey ( East Thrace). The region's boundaries are based on that of the Roman Province of Thrace; the lands inhabited by the ancient Thracians extended in the north to modern-day Northern Bulgaria and Romania and to the west into the region of Macedonia. Etymology The word ''Thrace'' was first used by the Greeks when referring to the Thracian tribes, from ancient Greek Thrake (Θρᾴκη), descending from ''Thrāix'' (Θρᾷξ). It referred originally to the Thracians, an ancient people inhabiting Southeast Europe. The name ''Europe'' first referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thracian Tomb Of Kazanlak
The Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak ( bg, Казанлъшка гробница, ''Kazanlǎška grobnica'') is a vaulted-brickwork "beehive" ( tholos) tomb near the town of Kazanlak in central Bulgaria. The tomb is part of a large royal Thracian necropolis in the Valley of the Thracian Rulers near their ancient capital of Seuthopolis in a region where more than a thousand tombs of kings and members of the Thracian aristocracy can be found. It comprises a narrow corridor and a round burial chamber, both decorated with murals representing a Thracian couple at a ritual funeral feast. The monument dates back to the 4th century BCE and has been on the UNESCO protected World Heritage Site list since 1979. The murals show horses and a gesture of farewell, in which the seated couple grasp each other's wrists in a moment of tenderness and equality (according to Lyudmila Zhivkova—a view that is not shared by all specialists). The paintings are Bulgaria's best-preserved artistic masterpieces fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seuthopolis
Seuthopolis (Ancient Greek: Σευθόπολις) was an ancient hellenistic-type city founded by the Thracian king Seuthes III between 325–315 BC and the capital of the Odrysian kingdom. Its ruins are now located at the bottom of the Koprinka Reservoir near Kazanlak, Stara Zagora Province, in central Bulgaria. Several kilometres north of the city is the Valley of the Thracian Rulers where many magnificent royal tombs are located. Seuthopolis was not a true polis, but rather the seat of Seuthes and his court. His palace had a dual role, functioning also as a sanctuary of the Cabeiri, the gods of Samothrace. Most of the space within the city was occupied not by homes but by official structures, the majority of the people living outside the city. It had Thracian and Greek populace. In 281 BC it was sacked by Celts. The dual role of Seuthes' palace (royal court and sanctuary) indicates that Seuthes was a priest–king: the high priest of the Cabeiri among the Odrysian Thracians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotys III (Odrysian)
Cotys III (Ancient Greek: Κότυς, Kotys) was a king of the Odrysians in Thrace in the early 3rd-century BC. His one secure attestation is an inscription from Delphi dated to sometime between 276 and 267 BC (usually given as 270/269 BC), in which he is named as the son of Raizdos, his probable predecessor. Scholarship has long associated a coin type struck for a king Cotys on one side and a king Rhescuporis on the other and also a king Cotys, father of a Rhescuporis, named in a decree from Apollonia (Sozopol) with Cotys III. However, these identifications have been doubted, and some scholars have redated both the coin type and the inscription to almost three centuries later. It is therefore uncertain whether Cotys III was succeeded by a son named Rhescuporis. See also *List of Thracian tribes This is a list of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia ( grc, Θρᾴκη, Δακία) including possibly or partly Thracian or Dacian tribes, and non-Thracian or non-Dacian tribes that in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotys II (Odrysian)
Cotys II (Ancient Greek: Κότυς, Kotys) was a possible king of the Odrysians in Thrace in the late 4th or early 3rd century BC. His one secure attestation is in an inscription from Athens dated to 330 BC; the inscription honored Reboulas, brother of Cotys and son of Seuthes. This is generally interpreted to mean that Cotys, not yet king, was the son of Seuthes III by a marriage earlier than that to Berenike (since their four sons did not include a Cotys or a Reboulas). Building on this interpretation of the evidence, a certain Gonimase (Gonimasē), wife of a Seuthes, buried in a tomb near Smjadovo, has been proposed as Seuthes III's earlier wife and mother of Cotys and Reboulas. However, the Athenian inscription precedes the first clear attestation of Seuthes III by about seven years, and various scholars have proposed Seuthes I, Seuthes II, and even a non-reigning Seuthes as the father of Cotys and Reboulas. One scholar conjectures that Cotys was an elder son of Seuthes III but d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roygos Ridge
Roygos Ridge ( bg, рид Ройгос, ‘Rid Roygos’ \'rid 'roy-gos\) is a mostly ice-covered ridge extending 9.6 km in a southeast-northwest direction, 3.2 km wide and rising to 1247 mReference Elevation Model of Antarctica. Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2019 on the east coast of Darbel Bay, in , . It has rou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graham Land
Graham Land is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula that lies north of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This description of Graham Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the British Antarctic Place-names Committee and the US Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, in which the name "Antarctic Peninsula" was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively. The line dividing them is roughly 69 degrees south. Graham Land is named after Sir James R. G. Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty at the time of John Biscoe's exploration of the west side of Graham Land in 1832. It is claimed by Argentina (as part of Argentine Antarctica), Britain (as part of the British Antarctic Territory) and Chile (as part of the Chilean Antarctic Territory). Graham Land is the closest part of Antarctica to South America. Thus it is the usual destination for small ships taking paying ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of . Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of . Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual precipitation of over along the coast and far less inland. About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost . Antarctica holds the record for the lowest measured temperature on Earth, . The coastal regions can reach temperatures over in summer. Native species of animals include mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Where vegetation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
