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Rio Protocol (1934)
The Protocol of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation and Additional Act Between the Republic of Colombia and the Republic of Peru, also known simply as the Rio Protocol, was an international agreement signed in Rio de Janeiro between Colombia and Peru on May 24, 1934. The Protocol was intended to finally resolve the long-running territorial dispute between the two countries, and brought about the official end of the Colombia–Peru War. Background The dispute between Colombia and Peru over the sovereignty of the Amazon basin dates back to the aftermath of the wars of independence. Gran Colombia fought a war with Peru over a border dispute in the area of Tumbes, Jaén and Maynas. The Treaty of Guayaquil put an end to the military campaign but problems arose due to the subsequent dissolution of Gran Colombia, among them the continuity of the border issue. Direct and continuous negotiations between Colombia and Peru only began in 1894. Until then, the discussion only concerned the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Protocol
The Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Boundaries between Peru and Ecuador, or Rio Protocol for short, was an international agreement signed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on January 29, 1942, by the foreign ministers of Peru and Ecuador, with the participation of the United States, Brazil, Chile, and Argentina as guarantors. The Protocol was intended to finally resolve the long-running territorial dispute between the two countries, and brought about the official end of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941–1942. Nevertheless, the Protocol was incomplete, and war broke out between Peru and Ecuador twice more, in 1981 and in 1995, before the signing of the Itamaraty Peace Declaration which brought final resolution to the dispute. History In May 1941, as tensions at the Ecuadorian-Peruvian border mounted and war was imminent, the governments of the United States, Brazil, and Argentina offered their services in aiding in the mediation of the dispute. Their efforts failed to prevent t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Guayaquil
The Treaty of Guayaquil, officially the Treaty of Peace Between Colombia and Peru, and also known as the Larrea–Gual Treaty after its signatories, was a peace treaty signed between Gran Colombia and Peru in 1829 that officially put an end to the Gran Colombia–Peru War. The treaty called for the removal of troops and the restoration of the '' status quo ante bellum''. Background On July 3, 1828, Colombia declared war on Peru, after a series of diplomatic incidents that resulted in the expulsion of the diplomatic representatives of both countries. The war ended after the Battle of Tarqui when the Peruvian advance lost momentum, with both parties signing the Girón Agreement on the same day, but later continuing hostilities until the abrupt end of the war after a coup that deposed President José de la Mar. Causes Traditionally, it has been argued that the cause of the war was territorial, since each of the belligerent countries demanded from the other party the return of terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, The Hague has been described as the country's de facto capital. The Hague is also the capital of the province of South Holland, and the city hosts both the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam. The Hague is the core municipality of the Greater The Hague urban area, which comprises the city itself and its suburban municipalities, containing over 800,000 people, making it the third-largest urban area in the Netherlands, again after the urban areas of Amsterdam and Rotterdam. The Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area, with a population of approximately 2.6&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permanent Court Of International Justice
The Permanent Court of International Justice, often called the World Court, existed from 1922 to 1946. It was an international court attached to the League of Nations. Created in 1920 (although the idea of an international court was several centuries old), the Court was initially well-received from states and academics alike, with many cases submitted to it for its first decade of operation. Between 1922 and 1940 the Court heard a total of 29 cases and delivered 27 separate advisory opinions. With the heightened international tension in the 1930s, the Court became less used. By a resolution from the League of Nations on 18 April 1946, both the Court and the League ceased to exist and were replaced by the International Court of Justice and the United Nations. The Court's mandatory jurisdiction came from three sources: the Optional Clause of the League of Nations, general international conventions and special bipartite international treaties. Cases could also be submitted directl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sucumbíos Triangle
The Sucumbíos Triangle), Cuembi Triangle ( es, Triángulo de Cuembi) or Cuhimbe Triangle ( es, Triángulo de Cuhimbe) ( es, Triángulo de Sucumbíos) is a territorial zone in Ecuador, located between the Putumayo river to the north and San Miguel river to the south. It belonged to Peru as a ''de jure'' international exclave between 1922 and 1942, until it was ceded to Ecuador after the Rio de Janeiro Protocol of 1942, forming today part of its border with Colombia. History After the signing of the Salomón-Lozano Treaty in 1922, Colombia and Peru officially established their borders and exchanged strategic territories: Colombia obtained an entrance to the Amazon River through the Amazon Trapeze, while Peru ''de jure'' obtained a strategic exclave between the Putumayo and San Miguel rivers. Despite having ceded the territory to Colombia in 1916, the act was not recognized by the Ecuadorian government, however, since both signatory countries also had territorial disputes with E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raúl Porras Barrenechea
Raúl Porras Barrenechea (23 March 1897 – 27 September 1960) was a Peruvian diplomat, historian and politician. He was President of the Senate in 1957 and Minister of Foreign Affairs between 1958 and 1960. A well-known figure of the student movement in San Marcos in the early 20th century, Porras became one of the most prominent hispanist historians of his generation and a leading figure of the Peruvian diplomacy. Biography He was born in Pisco, Peru on 23 March 1897 into a prominent family. Porras was the nephew of Melitón Porras, a distinguished diplomat and a former Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, and a grandson of José Antonio Barrenechea, several times Minister of Foreign Relations. He was educated at the Recoleta Sacred Heart School of Lima and the University of San Marcos, where he obtained a degree in law in 1922 and a doctoral degree in philosophy, history and letters in 1928. While in San Marcos, Porras became a prominent figure in academic ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Güepí
The Battle of Güepí was a military confrontation that occurred on March 26, 1933, during the Colombia–Peru War. Background After the Battle of Tarapacá, the Colombin high command considered it important to fulfill two specific objectives in the Putumayo River: the occupation of Güepí in upper Putumayo, and Puerto Arturo in lower Putumayo. Güepí was chose due to its weaker position and because its capture would allow the total domination of the upper Putumayo, ensuring the communications would continue with Puerto Asís, and freeing Puerto Leguízamo from threats from the west. Battle The events prior to the combat began at two in the morning on March 26, 1933, when the ships ''Cartagena and ''Santa Marta'' of the ''Putumayo'' Detachment of the Colombian Navy landed two contingents of the Colombian Army on both flanks of Güepí in order to surround the fort where the Peruvian Army was located. Around 9 in the morning of the same day the Colombian Air Force , "We are the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tarapacá (1933)
The Battle of Tarapacá, Amazonas, Tarapacá, also known as the Battle of Nuevo Tarapacá or the Defense of the Lower Putumayo took place during the Colombia–Peru War on February 14, 1933. Background Before the skirmish took place, the Colombian high command discussed the strategy to take in the Amazonian conflict, choosing to take Tarapacá under General Efraín Rojas' suggestion, instead of Leticia, preferred by General Alfredo Vásquez Cobo. After concentrating the ships that would make up the ''Amazonas'' Detachment in Belém, Belén do Pará, they proceeded to sail to the Brazilian town of Santo Antônio do Içá and from there divide the fleet into two: the warships ''Boyacá'' and ''Mosquera'' continued towards Leticia, while the ships ''Barranquilla'', ''Córdova'' and ''Pichincha'' continued along the Putumayo River followed by the ''Nariño'' as a hospital ship; This maneuver sought to mislead the Peruvian commanders about the true intentions of the attack. Six seapla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bustillo
Bustillo may refer to: Places * Bustillo de Chaves, municipality in the province of Valladolid, Spain *Bustillo del Oro, municipality in the province of Zamora, Spain *Bustillo del Páramo de Carrión, place in the province of Palencia, Spain *Bustillo de la Vega, municipality in the province of Palencia, Spain * Rafael Bustillo, a Bolivian province in the Potosí Department People *Alejandro Bustillo (1889–1982), Argentine architect *Encarnación Bustillo Salomón (1876 – c. 1960), Spanish painter *Exequiel Bustillo (1893–1973), Argentine lawyer, brother of Alejandro Bustillo *Francisco Bustillo (born 1960), Uruguayan diplomat *José María Bustillo (Honduran) (died 1855), military and politician *Richard Bustillo (1942–2017), Filipino-American martial arts instructor from Hawaii *Miguel Ángel Bustillo Miguel Ángel Bustillo Lafoz (9 September 1946 – 3 September 2016) was a Spanish footballer who represented Real Zaragoza, Barcelona and CD Málaga. He was cappe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of La Pedrera
The Battle of La Pedrera was a conflict between Peru and Colombia that took place from 10–12 July 1911 in a disputed area surrounding the Putumayo River as part of a larger territorial dispute between both countries. Battle The consuls of Peru and Colombia in Manaus, aware of the consequences of a possible confrontation, proposed to their governments the diversion of the expeditions, seeking that the Colombian expedition commanded by General Neira stop in Manaus, while the Peruvian, commanded of Commander Benavides, in Putumayo. However, due to lack of knowledge about these negotiations, the armed clash between the Peruvian and Colombian forces took place in La Pedrera between July 10 and 13. The Colombian troops established in La Pedrera had created a permanent camp, which included crops and a set of trenches. Most of the Colombian soldiers became ill with malaria, yellow fever or leishmaniasis, which led to 11 becoming sick, 22 dying, and leaving 34 unfit for combat at the ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Putumayo River
The Putumayo River or Içá River ( es, Río Putumayo, pt, Rio Içá) is one of the tributaries of the Amazon River, southwest of and parallel to the Japurá River. Course The Putumayo River forms part of Colombia's border with Ecuador, as well as most of the border with Peru. Known as the Putumayo in the former three nations, it is called the Içá when it crosses into Brazil. The Putumayo originates in the Andes Mountains east of the city of Pasto, Colombia. It empties into the Solimões (upper Amazon) near the municipality of Santo Antônio do Içá, Brazil. Major tributaries include the Guamués River, San Miguel, Güeppí, Cumpuya, Algodón, Igara-Paraná, Yaguas, Cotuhé, and Paraná de Jacurapá rivers. The river flows through the Solimões-Japurá moist forests ecoregion. History Exploration In the late 19th century, the Içá was navigated by the French explorer Jules Crevaux (1847–1882). He ascended it in a steamer drawing of water, and running day and night. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caquetá River
Caquetá may refer to: * Caquetá River, a river in Colombia * Caquetá Territory The Caquetá Territory ( es, Territorio del Caquetá) was a national territory of the Republic of New Granada and the subsequent states of the Granadine Confederation and the United States of Colombia from 1845 to 1886. Its capital was Mocoa. Hi ..., a former territory of Colombia * Caquetá Department, a department of Colombia The caqueta river is a river that flows through Columbia and Brazil. Though, only a small part is actually in Brazil. There, it is called the 'Japura River'. {{geodis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
