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Richard Gething
Richard Gething (c.1585–c.1652) was an English calligrapher. Life Gething was born in Herefordshire. He was a scholar of John Davies of Hereford, the famous writing-master of Hereford, and was thought to surpass his master in every branch of his art. Coming to London, he started in business at the ''Hand and Pen'' in Fetter Lane. In 1616 he published ''A Coppie Book of the Usuall Hands Written''. An enlarged edition, entitled ''Calligraphotechnica'', was published in 1619: it had twenty-six engraved quarto plates and a frontispiece portrait of Gething, and was dedicated to Sir Francis Bacon. In 1645 he published ''Chirographia'', consisting of thirty-seven plates engraved by John Goddard. In it Gething says "he has exactly traced and followed certain pieces, both in character and language, of the ablest calligraphotechnists and Italian masters that ever wrote, with certain pieces of cursory hands, not heretofore extant, newly come in use." Another edition of ''Chirographia'', p ...
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Calligrapher
Calligraphy (from el, link=y, καλλιγραφία) is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instrument. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious, and skillful manner". Modern calligraphy ranges from functional inscriptions and designs to fine-art pieces where the letters may or may not be readable. Classical calligraphy differs from type design and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may practice both. CD-ROM Calligraphy continues to flourish in the forms of wedding invitations and event invitations, font design and typography, original hand-lettered logo design, religious art, announcements, graphic design and commissioned calligraphic art, cut stone inscriptions, and memorial documents. It is also used for props and moving images for film and television, and also for testimonials, birth and death certif ...
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Herefordshire
Herefordshire () is a county in the West Midlands of England, governed by Herefordshire Council. It is bordered by Shropshire to the north, Worcestershire to the east, Gloucestershire to the south-east, and the Welsh counties of Monmouthshire and Powys to the west. Hereford, the county town of Herefordshire has a population of approximately 61,000, making it the largest settlement in the county. The next biggest town is Leominster and then Ross-on-Wye. The county is situated in the historic Welsh Marches, Herefordshire is one of the most rural and sparsely populated counties in England, with a population density of 82/km2 (212/sq mi), and a 2021 population of 187,100 – the fourth-smallest of any ceremonial county in England. The land use is mostly agricultural and the county is well known for its fruit and cider production, and for the Hereford cattle breed. Constitution From 1974 to 1998, Herefordshire was part of the former non-metropolitan county of Hereford and Wor ...
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John Davies Of Hereford
John Davies of Hereford (c. 1565 – July 1618) was a writing-master and an Anglo-Welsh poet. He referred to himself as ''John Davies of Hereford'' (after the city where he was born) in order to distinguish himself from others of the same name, particularly the contemporary poet Sir John Davies (1569–1626). Davies wrote very copiously on theological and philosophical themes, some of which brought proto-scientific ideas into the public arena. He also wrote many epigrams on his contemporaries which have some historical interest. John Davies died in London. Davies was a friend of Edmund Ashfield, and wrote in an epigram that he nearly accompanied Ashfield on his journey to Scotland in 1599. Works *''Mirum in Modum, a Glimpse of God's Glory and the Soul's Shape'' (1602) *''Microcosmos'' (1603) *''Wittes Pilgrimage'' (1605?) *''Bien Venu ''(1606) *''Summa Totalis'' (1607) *''Humours Heav'n on Earth'' (1609) *''The Holy Roode'' (1609) *''The Scourge of Folly'' (1611) *''The M ...
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Fetter Lane
Fetter Lane is a street in the ward of Farringdon Without in the City of London. It forms part of the A4 road and runs between Fleet Street at its southern end and Holborn. History The street was originally called Faytor or Faiter Lane, then Fewteres Lane. This is believed to come from the Old French "faitor" meaning lawyer, though by the 14th century this had become synonymous with an idle person. Geoffrey Chaucer used the word to refer to the beggars and vagrants who were seen around the lane. An alternative origin of the name is the fetter (lance vest) made by armourers working for the nearby Knights Templar. In the 1590s there was a gibbet at the junction of Fleet Street and Fetter Lane. Christopher Bales was among those hanged there. In 1643, the Member of Parliament Nathaniel Tomkins was arrested for conspiracy against the government by withholding taxes, and hanged outside his front door in Fetter Lane. It is sometimes said that John Dryden lived at No. 16, but there is ...
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Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produce eight book pages. Each printed page presents as one-fourth size of the full sheet. The earliest known European printed book is a quarto, the '' Sibyllenbuch'', believed to have been printed by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452–53, before the Gutenberg Bible, surviving only as a fragment. Quarto is also used as a general description of size of books that are about 12 inches (30 cm) tall, and as such does not necessarily indicate the actual printing format of the books, which may even be unknown as is the case for many modern books. These terms are discussed in greater detail in book sizes. Quarto as format A quarto (from Latin , ablative form of , fourth) is a book or pamphlet made up of one or more full sheets of paper on which 8 pages of t ...
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Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban (; 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626), also known as Lord Verulam, was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Bacon led the advancement of both natural philosophy and the scientific method and his works remained influential even in the late stages of the Scientific Revolution. Bacon has been called the father of empiricism. He argued for the possibility of scientific knowledge based only upon inductive reasoning and careful observation of events in nature. He believed that science could be achieved by the use of a sceptical and methodical approach whereby scientists aim to avoid misleading themselves. Although his most specific proposals about such a method, the Baconian method, did not have long-lasting influence, the general idea of the importance and possibility of a sceptical methodology makes Bacon one of the later founders of the scientific method. His portion of the method ...
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John Goddard (engraver)
John Goddard ( fl. 1645–1671) was an early English engraver. He was apprenticed to the engraver Robert Vaughan in 1631. Works Goddard is known mostly from a few portraits and book illustrations. The portraits include: * Martin Billingsley, the writing master, in 1651. * John Bastwick. * Alexander Ross, in 1654, as frontispiece to Ross's continuation of Walter Raleigh's ''History of the World''. He engraved the title-page to William Austin's translation of Cicero's treatise, ''Cato Major'', published in 1671. For Thomas Fuller's ''Pisgah-sight of Palestine'', published in 1645, Goddard engraved the sheet of armorial bearings at the beginning, and some of the maps, including a ground plan of the Temple of Solomon. He worked also for the arms painter Sylvanus Morgan, and the writing-teachers Richard Gething and Thomas Shelton, and engraved maps for John Ferrar and Peter Heylyn Peter Heylyn or Heylin (29 November 1599 – 8 May 1662) was an English ecclesiastic and au ...
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Massey, William (1691-1764?) (DNB00)
William Ferguson Massey (26 March 1856 – 10 May 1925), commonly known as Bill Massey, was a politician who served as the 19th prime minister of New Zealand from May 1912 to May 1925. He was the founding leader of the Reform Party, New Zealand's second organised political party, from 1909 until his death. Massey was born in County Londonderry in Ireland (now Northern Ireland). After migrating to New Zealand in 1870, Massey farmed near Auckland (earning his later nickname, ''Farmer Bill'') and assumed leadership in farmers' organisations. He entered parliament in 1894 as a conservative, and from 1894 to 1912 was a leader of the conservative opposition to the Liberal ministries of Richard Seddon and Joseph Ward. Massey became the first Reform Party Prime Minister after he led a successful motion of no confidence against the Liberal government. Throughout his political career Massey was known for the particular support he showed for agrarian interests, as well as his oppositi ...
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Peter Bales
Peter Bales (1547–1610?) was an English calligrapher and one of the inventors of shorthand writing. He was born in London in 1547, and is described by Anthony Wood as a "most dexterous person in his profession, to the great wonder of scholars and others". We are also informed that "he spent several years in sciences among Oxonians, particularly, as it seems, in Gloucester Hall; but that study, which he used for a diversion only, proved at length an employment of profit." He is mentioned for his skill in micrography in '' Holinshed's Chronicle''. John Evelyn wrote: Bales was likewise very dexterous in imitating handwritings, and between 1576 and 1590 was employed by Secretary Walsingham in certain political manoeuvres. We find him at the head of a school near the Old Bailey, London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a es ...
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Martin Billingsley
Martin Billingsley (1591–1622) was an English writing-master, a successor in giving advice on handwriting to Peter Bales. Life and works He was born in 1591, and was residing in London, in Bush Lane, near London Stone, in 1618, when he dedicated his first short work, ''The Pens Excellencie, or the Secretarys Delight'', to Prince Charles. From its dedication he was Prince's writing master. In 1637, Billingsley's ''A Coppie Booke, containing Varieties of Examples of all the most curious Hands written'', was published in its second edition. It refers to a previous work, ''The Pens Transcendency'', and lists other works which may have been Billingsley's. The number of hands set out by Billingsley in examples was six, with some additional subdivisions. The six were the Secretary A secretary, administrative professional, administrative assistant, executive assistant, administrative officer, administrative support specialist, clerk, military assistant, management assistant, offic ...
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1580s Births
Year 158 ( CLVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Tertullus and Sacerdos (or, less frequently, year 911 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 158 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * The earliest dated use of Sol Invictus, in a dedication from Rome. * A revolt against Roman rule in Dacia is crushed. China * Change of era name from ''Yongshou'' to ''Yangxi'' of the Chinese Han Dynasty. Births *Gaius Caesonius Macer Rufinianus, Roman politician (d. 237) Deaths * Wang Yi, Chinese librarian and poet (d. AD 89 AD 89 (LXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Fulvus and ...
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1652 Deaths
Year 165 ( CLXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Orfitus and Pudens (or, less frequently, year 918 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 165 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * A Roman military expedition under Avidius Cassius is successful against Parthia, capturing Artaxata, Seleucia on the Tigris, and Ctesiphon. The Parthians sue for peace. * Antonine Plague: A pandemic breaks out in Rome, after the Roman army returns from Parthia. The plague significantly depopulates the Roman Empire and China. * Legio II ''Italica'' is levied by Emperor Marcus Aurelius. * Dura-Europos is taken by the Romans. * The Romans establish a garrison at Doura Europos on the Euphrates, a control point for the commercial ro ...
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