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Rhynchocorys Kurdica
''Rhynchocorys'' is a small genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae, formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is native to Europe, Morocco and Algeria. Etymology The genus name ''Rhynchocorys'' derives from the two ancient greek words (), meaning "snout, muzzle, nose", and (), meaning "helmet, head", which is a reference to the shape of the style. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Rhynchocorys'' is the sister genus to ''Lathraea'' and ''Rhinanthus''. These three genera share phylogenetic affinities with members of the core Rhinantheae: ''Bartsia'', ''Euphrasia'', ''Tozzia'', ''Hedbergia'', '' Bellardia'', and ''Odontites''. ''Melampyrum'' appears as a more distant relative. Taxonomy The genus was described in 1844 by August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach. The type species is ''Rhynchocorys elephas''. Species According to the Plant List, 8 species are recognized in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchocorys Orientalis
''Rhynchocorys'' is a small genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae, formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is native to Europe, Morocco and Algeria. Etymology The genus name ''Rhynchocorys'' derives from the two ancient greek words (), meaning "snout, muzzle, nose", and (), meaning "helmet, head", which is a reference to the shape of the style. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Rhynchocorys'' is the sister genus to ''Lathraea'' and ''Rhinanthus''. These three genera share phylogenetic affinities with members of the core Rhinantheae: ''Bartsia'', ''Euphrasia'', ''Tozzia'', ''Hedbergia'', '' Bellardia'', and ''Odontites''. ''Melampyrum'' appears as a more distant relative. Taxonomy The genus was described in 1844 by August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach. The type species is ''Rhynchocorys elephas''. Species According to the Plant List, 8 species are recognized in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartsia
''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate Carl Linnaeus, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as ''Bartschia''. ''Starbia'', an anagram of ''Bartsia'', is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of ''Alectra (plant), Alectra''. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Bartsia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (e.g. ''Bartsia alpina, B. alpina'') is the sister genus to ''Odontites'', ''Bellardia trixago, Bellardia'', ''Tozzia'', ''Hedbergia'', and ''Euphrasia''. Classification In 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are endemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orobanchaceae Genera
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., ''Pedicularis'', ''Rhinanthus'', ''Striga'') were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae ''sensu lato''. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing '' Orobanche major'' and relatives, but neither ''Paulownia tomentosa'' nor ''Phryma leptostachya'' nor '' Mazus japonicus''. The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except ''Lindenbergia'', ''Rehmannia'' and ''Triaenophora'') are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis. Description Orobanchaceae is the largest of the 20–28 dicot f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Plant List
The Plant List was a list of botanical names of species of plants created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden and launched in 2010. It was intended to be a comprehensive record of all known names of plant species over time, and was produced in response to Target 1 of the 2002-2010 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSP C), to produce "An online flora of all known plants.” It has not been updated since 2013, and has been superseded by World Flora Online. World Flora Online In October 2012, the follow-up project World Flora Online was launched with the aim to publish an online flora of all known plants by 2020. This is a project of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, with the aim of halting the loss of plant species worldwide by 2020. It is developed by a collaborative group of institutions around the world response to the 2011-2020 GSPC's updated Target 1. This aims to achieve an online Flora of all known plants by 2020. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach
August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach () was a German botanist and phytogeographer. He was born in Hannover on 17 April 1814 and died in Göttingen on 9 May 1879. Biography Grisebach studied at the Lyceum in Hanover, the cloister-school at Ilfeld, and the University of Göttingen. He graduated in medicine from the University of Berlin in 1836. He undertook expeditions to Provence, Turkey, the Balkans, and Norway. In 1837 he became associate professor and in 1847 full professor at the medical faculty in Göttingen and was named director of the botanical garden there in 1875. While his main fields of interest were phytogeography and systematics, especially the Gentianaceae and Malpighiaceae, he considered his ''Flora of the British West Indian Islands'' his most important work. Much of his collection, especially the types of species described by him, are housed at the Göttingen University Herbarium. His taxonomic classification is set out in his ''Grundriss der systematischen Botani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Transcribed Spacer
Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is the spacer DNA situated between the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and large-subunit rRNA genes in the chromosome or the corresponding transcribed region in the polycistronic rRNA precursor transcript. ITS across life domains In bacteria and archaea, there is a single ITS, located between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. Conversely, there are two ITSs in eukaryotes: ITS1 is located between 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes, while ITS2 is between 5.8S and 28S (in opisthokonts, or 25S in plants) rRNA genes. ITS1 corresponds to the ITS in bacteria and archaea, while ITS2 originated as an insertion that interrupted the ancestral 23S rRNA gene. Organization In bacteria and archaea, the ITS occurs in one to several copies, as do the flanking 16S and 23S genes. When there are multiple copies, these do not occur adjacent to one another. Rather, they occur in discrete locations in the circular chromosome. It is not uncommon in bacteria to carry tRN ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloroplast DNA
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is the DNA located in chloroplasts, which are photosynthetic organelles located within the cells of some eukaryotic organisms. Chloroplasts, like other types of plastid, contain a genome separate from that in the cell nucleus. The existence of chloroplast DNA was identified biochemically in 1959, and confirmed by electron microscopy in 1962. The discoveries that the chloroplast contains ribosomes and performs protein synthesis revealed that the chloroplast is genetically semi-autonomous. The first complete chloroplast genome sequences were published in 1986, ''Nicotiana tabacum'' (tobacco) by Sugiura and colleagues and ''Marchantia polymorpha'' (liverwort) by Ozeki et al. Since then, a great number of chloroplast DNAs from various species have been sequenced. Molecular structure Chloroplast DNAs are circular, and are typically 120,000–170,000 base pairs long. They can have a contour length of around 30–60 micrometers, and have a mass of about 80 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. It adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female—rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA. Structure Nuclear DNA is a nucleic acid, a polymeric biomolecule or biopolymer, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Its structure is a double helix, with two strands wound around each other, a structure first described by Francis Crick and James D. Watson (1953) using data collected by Rosalind Franklin. Each strand is a long polymer chain of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and an organic base. Nucleotides are distinguished by their bases: purines, large bases that include adenine and guanine; and pyr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melampyrum
''Melampyrum'' is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae known commonly as cow wheat. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are hemiparasites on other plants, obtaining water and nutrients from host plants, though they are able to survive on their own without parasitising other plants.Kim, K. and S. Yun. (2012)A new species of ''Melampyrum'' (Orobanchaceae) from southern Korea.''Phytotaxa'' 42 48-50. ''Melampyrum'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the mouse moth (''Amphipyra tragopoginis''). Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Melampyrum'' appears as a distant relative of other genera of Rhinantheae. It is the sister group of two clades: (i) ''Rhynchocorys'', ''Lathraea'', and ''Rhinanthus'' ; and (ii) the core Rhinantheae containing ''Bartsia'', ''Euphrasia'', ''Tozzia'', ''Hedbergi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odontites
''Odontites'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Odontites'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. It is the sister genus to ''Bellardia'', and then to ''Tozzia'' and ''Hedbergia''. These taxa are closely related to the genus ''Euphrasia''. In turn, these five genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Bartsia''. Conservation One of the ''Odontites'' species, ''O. granatensis'', endemic to the Sierra Nevada in Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ..., was so threatened that in 1993 only 1,500 plants survived in two locations. Due to conservation efforts the plant has made a comeback, numbering over 100,000 in 2006. References Oroban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bellardia Trixago
''Bellardia trixago'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae (it has been formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae). The only member of the monotypic genus ''Bellardia'', it is known as trixago bartsia or Mediterranean lineseed. This plant is native to the Mediterranean Basin, but it is known in other places with similar climates, such as California and parts of Chile, where it is an introduced species and noxious weed. Etymology The genus name ''Bellardia'' is a taxonomic patronym in honor of Carlo Antonio Lodovico Bellardi (1741-1826), an Italian botanist from Piedmont. The species name ''trixago'' has two possible etymologies. * It derives from the ancient Greek word (), meaning "hair", and the Latin suffix ''ago'' used to indicate a property, and refers to the glandular-hairy characteristic of the plant. * It derives from the ancient Greek word , , or (, , or ), meaning "triple", and refers to the trilobate lower lip of the flower. It is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedbergia
''Hedbergia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants, initially classified in Scrophulariaceae, and now within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Hedbergia abyssinica''. It is an afromontane genus, widespread in grasslands and scrubs of the mountains of tropical Africa, and known from Ethiopia, Zaire, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Nigeria, and Cameroons. The genus name is a taxonomic patronym honoring the Swedish botanist Karl Olov Hedberg. Description ''Hedbergia abyssinica'' is a high, very hispid perennial plant, with subsessile thick leaves, and densely crowded, white to pink or magenta flowers. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Hedbergia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Hedbergia'' is closely related to ''Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia ''Bartsia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
