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Rhizobiales
The ''Hyphomicrobiales'' are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria. The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families. The four families ''Nitrobacteraceae'', ''Hyphomicrobiaceae'', '' Phyllobacteriaceae'', and ''Rhizobiaceae'' contain at least several genera of nitrogen-fixing, legume-nodulating, microsymbiotic bacteria. Examples are the genera ''Bradyrhizobium'' and ''Rhizobium''. Species of the ''Methylocystaceae'' are methanotrophs; they use methanol (CH3OH) or methane (CH4) as their sole energy and carbon sources. Other important genera are the human pathogens ''Bartonella'' and ''Brucella'', as well as ''Agrobacterium'' (useful in genetic engineering). Taxonomy Accepted families * ''Aestuariivirgaceae'' Li ''et al''. 2019 * '' Afifellaceae'' Hördt ''et al''. 2020 * ''Ahrensiaceae'' Hördt ''et al''. 2020 * ''Alsobacteraceae'' Sun ''et al''. 2018 * ''Amorphaceae'' Hördt ''et al''. 2020 * ''Ancalomicrobiac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brucella
''Brucella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, named after David Bruce (1855–1931). They are small (0.5 to 0.7 by 0.6 to 1.5 µm), non encapsulated, nonmotile, facultatively intracellular coccobacilli. ''Brucella'' spp. are the cause of brucellosis, which is a zoonosis transmitted by ingesting contaminated food (such as unpasteurized milk products), direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols. Transmission from human to human, for example, through sexual intercourse, or from mother to child, is exceedingly rare, but possible. Minimum infectious exposure is between 10 and 100 organisms. The different species of ''Brucella'' are genetically very similar, although each has a slightly different host specificity. Hence, the National Center for Biotechnology Information taxonomy includes most ''Brucella'' species under ''B. melitensis''. The many names of brucellosis include (human disease/animal disease): * Malta fever/Bang's disease * Undulant feve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphaproteobacteria
Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and possess few commonalities, but nevertheless share a common ancestor. Like all ''Proteobacteria'', its members are gram-negative and some of its intracellular parasitic members lack peptidoglycan and are consequently gram variable. Characteristics The Alphaproteobacteria are a diverse taxon and comprises several phototrophic genera, several genera metabolising C1-compounds (''e.g.'', ''Methylobacterium'' spp.), symbionts of plants (''e.g.'', ''Rhizobium'' spp.), endosymbionts of arthropods (''Wolbachia'') and intracellular pathogens (''e.g. Rickettsia''). Moreover, the class is sister to the protomitochondrion, the bacterium that was engulfed by the eukaryotic ancestor and gave rise to the mitochondria, which are organelles in eukaryotic ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizobia
Rhizobia are diazotrophic bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside the root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae). To express genes for nitrogen fixation, rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen. In general, they are gram negative, motile, non-sporulating rods. Rhizobia are a "group of soil bacteria that infect the roots of legumes to form root nodules". Rhizobia are found in the soil and after infection, produce nodules in the legume where they fix nitrogen gas (N2) from the atmosphere turning it into a more readily useful form of nitrogen. From here, the nitrogen is exported from the nodules and used for growth in the legume. Once the legume dies, the nodule breaks down and releases the rhizobia back into the soil where they can live individually or reinfect a new legume host. History The first known species of rhizobia, '' Rhizobium leguminosarum'', was identified in 1889, and all further species were initially placed in the ''Rhiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurantimonadaceae
The ''Aurantimonadaceae'' are a small family of marine bacteria. Notable Species ''Aurantimonas coralicida'' causes a white plague in corals. ''Fulvimarina pelagi'' was isolated from seawater, and takes the form of nonmotile rods. ''Fulvimarina pelagi'' is an obligate aerobe, and obtains its nourishment chemoheterotrophically. It tests positive for oxidase and catalase, and contains carotenoid pigments, possibly to protect against solar radiation. Etymology The name ''Aurantimonas'' derives from: New Latin ''aurantus'', orange-coloured; Greek ''monas'' (μονάς), a unit; to mean an orange-coloured unicellular organism. Members of the genus ''Aurantimonas'' can be referred to as aurantimonads (''viz.'' trivialisation of names). Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amorphaceae
''Amorphaceae'' is a family of Alphaproteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and p .... References Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria families {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alsobacteraceae
''Alsobacter'' is a genus of Alphaproteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and .... References Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria genera {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blastochloridaceae
''Blastochloris'' is a genus of bacteria from the order of Hyphomicrobiales The ''Hyphomicrobiales'' are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria. The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families. The four families ''Nitrobacteraceae'', ''Hyphomicrobiaceae' .... References Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria genera {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beijerinckiaceae
The Beijerinckiaceae are a family of Hyphomicrobiales named after the Dutch microbiologist Martinus Willem Beijerinck. ''Beijerinckia'' is a genus of free-living aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Acidotolerant ''Beijerinckiaceae'' has been shown to be the main bacterial methanol sink in a deciduous forest soil and highlights their importance for the conversion of methanol in forest soils. Together with ''Methylocystaceae'' they are alphaproteobacterial methanotroph Methanotrophs (sometimes called methanophiles) are prokaryotes that metabolize methane as their source of carbon and chemical energy. They are bacteria or archaea, can grow aerobically or anaerobically, and require single-carbon compounds to s ...s. References Hyphomicrobiales Martinus Beijerinck {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonellaceae
''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunistic pathogens. ''Bartonella'' species are transmitted by vectors such as ticks, fleas, sand flies, and mosquitoes. At least eight ''Bartonella'' species or subspecies are known to infect humans. ''Bartonella henselae'' is the organism responsible for cat scratch disease. History ''Bartonella'' species have been infecting humans for thousands of years, as demonstrated by ''Bartonella quintana'' DNA in a 4000-year-old tooth. The genus is named for Alberto Leonardo Barton Thompson (1871–October 26, 1950), a Peruvian scientist. Infection cycle The currently accepted model explaining the infection cycle holds that the transmitting vectors are blood-sucking arthropods and the reservoir hosts are mammals. Immediately after infection, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancalomicrobiaceae
''Ancalomicrobiaceae'' is a family of Alphaproteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and p .... References Hyphomicrobiales {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahrensiaceae
''Ahrensiaceae'' is a family of Alphaproteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and p .... References Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria families {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
