|
Renault Estafette
The Renault Estafette is a light commercial vehicle, light commercial front-wheel drive van, first introduced in 1959 and made by the France, French automaker Renault between 1959 and 1980, initially using the water-cooled Renault Ventoux engine, then later the Renault Cléon-Fonte engine, Cléon-Fonte engine in a range of body styles. It was replaced by the Renault Trafic. Following the launch of the Estafette, Renault became the only auto-maker in the world to simultaneously produce and sell vehicles with all three of the drive train configurations commonly used, with the front engined front wheel drive Estafette, along with various rear engined rear wheel drive cars such as the Renault Dauphine, Dauphine and the front engined rear wheel drive Renault Frégate, Frégate and the ageing Renault Dauphinoise, Dauphinoise. History In the summer of 1944 the French Ministry of Industrial Production set out a prescriptive plan to make the most of scarce resources for the post war moto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault
Groupe Renault ( , , , also known as the Renault Group in English; legally Renault S.A.) is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/coaches, aircraft and aircraft engines, and autorail vehicles. According to the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, in 2016 Renault was the ninth biggest automaker in the world by production volume. By 2017, the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance had become the world's biggest seller of light vehicles. Headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt, near Paris, the Renault group is made up of the namesake Renault marque and subsidiaries, Alpine, Renault Sport (Gordini), Automobile Dacia from Romania, and Renault Samsung Motors from South Korea. Renault has a 43.4% stake with several votes in Nissan of Japan, and used to have a 1.55% stake in Daimler AG of Germany, it was sold off in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plan Pons
Paul-Marie Pons (24 June 1904 – 24 October 1966) was a French naval engineer who became a senior civil servant. He is remembered for the Pons Plan which restructured the French automotive industry in the second half of the 1940s. Life Born in Longwy, département Meurthe et Moselle, Pons was educated at the prestigious École Polytechnique, then at Paris, (now at Palaiseau on the southern fringes of Paris). After this he pursued a successful career in engineering and management. In 1927 he married Michèlle Duchez; the marriage was childless. After the Second World War Pons was appointed to the Ministry of Industrial Production under the direction of the minister, Robert Lacoste. Robert Lacoste had himself been a senior civil servant before the war and had been a member of the French Resistance during the war, after which he re-emerged as a Socialist Deputy and a leading national politician. He died in Paris. The Pons Plan The Pons Plan was conceived in the broader context of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul-Marie Pons
Paul-Marie Pons (24 June 1904 – 24 October 1966) was a French naval engineer who became a senior civil servant. He is remembered for the Pons Plan which restructured the French automotive industry in the second half of the 1940s. Life Born in Longwy, département Meurthe et Moselle, Pons was educated at the prestigious École Polytechnique, then at Paris, (now at Palaiseau on the southern fringes of Paris). After this he pursued a successful career in engineering and management. In 1927 he married Michèlle Duchez; the marriage was childless. After the Second World War Pons was appointed to the Ministry of Industrial Production under the direction of the minister, Robert Lacoste. Robert Lacoste had himself been a senior civil servant before the war and had been a member of the French Resistance during the war, after which he re-emerged as a Socialist Deputy and a leading national politician. He died in Paris. The Pons Plan The Pons Plan was conceived in the broader context of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Dauphinoise
The Renault Juvaquatre () is a small family car / compact car automobile produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1937 and 1960, although production stopped or slowed to a trickle during the war years. The Juvaquatre was produced as a sedan/saloon until 1948 when the plant switched its full attention to the new Renault 4CV. During the second half of 1952 the plant restarted production of the Juvaquatre sedans/saloons for a period of approximately five months. In 1950 a van based station wagon body joined the range; later models of the station wagon (from 1956 on) were known as the Renault Dauphinoise (). The sedan/saloon found itself overshadowed and was soon withdrawn from production after the appearance in 1946 of the Renault 4CV (which was France's top selling car in the post-war years). However, there was no estate version of the rear engined 4CV or Dauphine, and the Juvaquatre "Dauphinoise" station wagon remained in production until replaced by the Renault ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Frégate
The Renault Frégate () is an executive saloon car produced by the French automaker Renault between 1951 and 1960. Estate variants, the Renault Domaine and the Renault Manoir, were introduced in 1956 and 1958 respectively. Origins The Frégate was conceived in the years immediately following World War II. Renault, which then had recently been brought under the control of the French state, needed a new modern, upmarket model both to improve its image and to cater to the needs of middle-class consumers in the expected economic recovery. Several prototypes were produced before the Frégate design was put into production. Initially, the car was to have had a rear-engined layout as in the recently launched 4CV, but Renault abandoned the rear-engined "Project 108" and in 1949, although it was late in the design process, decided to go with an engine mounted ahead of the driver. The engineering was rushed because of the switch to a front-engined configuration. Launch The Frégate was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Dauphine
The Renault Dauphine () is a rear-engine design, rear-engined economy car manufactured by Renault in a single body style – a Three-box styling, three-box, 4-door sedan (car), sedan – as the successor to the Renault 4CV; more than two million were manufactured during its 1956–1967 production. Along with such cars as the Citroën 2CV, Volkswagen Type 1, Volkswagen Beetle, Morris Minor, Mini and Fiat 600, the Dauphine pioneered the modern European economy car. Renault marketed numerous variants of the Dauphine, including a luxury version, the ''Renault Ondine'', a decontented version as the ''Dauphine Teimoso'' (Brazil, 1965), sporting versions marketed as the ''Dauphine Gordini'' and the ''Ondine Gordini'', the ''1093'' factory racing model, and the ''Renault Caravelle, Caravelle/Floride'', a Dauphine-based two-door coupé and two-door convertible. Conception As Louis Renault (industrialist), Louis Renault's successor, and as Renault's chairman, Pierre Lefaucheux co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Ventoux Engine
The Billancourt engine was an automotive engine designed by Renault for the Renault 4CV, used subsequently until 1985. It later received the internal code "B", for Billancourt. The "sport" version is called Ventoux engine. History The engine is liquid-cooled, with four cylinders in line. It is also characterised by its three main bearing design and its piston stroke of . It has a cast-iron block, aluminium cylinder head and uses a lateral camshaft to operate overhead valves, which also operated the fan belt on its other end. In June 1940, Louis Renault appointed Fernand Picard who became deputy technical director in the automobile engine department. During the World War II, he participated in the study of a small car: the future 4CV. Its engine was ready in 1942 and a year later, it first turned a wheel. Renault replaced this engine with the Cléon-Fonte engine, a completely new design. This engine designed by Fernand Picard was produced from 1947 to 1985, in displacemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its Metropolitan France, metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin (island), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front-wheel Drive
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive vehicles. Location of engine and transmission By far the most common layout for a front-wheel drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted transversely. Other layouts of front-wheel drive that have been occasionally produced are a front-engine mounted longitudinally, a mid-engine layout and a rear-engine layout. History Prior to 1900 Experiments with front-wheel drive cars date to the early days of the automobile. The world's first self-propelled vehicle, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769/1770 "fardier à vapeur", was a front-wheel driven three-wheeled steam-tractor. It then took at least a century, for the first e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Light Commercial Vehicle
A light commercial vehicle (LCV) in the European Union, Australia and New Zealand is a commercial carrier vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of no more than 3.5 metric tons (tonnes). The LCV designation is also occasionally used in both Canada and Ireland (where the term ''commercial van'' is more commonly used). Qualifying light commercial vehicles include pickup trucks, vans and three-wheelers – all commercially based goods or passenger carrier vehicles. The LCV concept was created as a compact truck and is usually optimised to be tough-built, have low operating costs and powerful yet fuel efficient engines, and to be used in intra-city operations. Examples * BYD ** BYD M3 DM **BYD T3 **BYD Shang *Citroën **Jumper ** Jumpy ** Berlingo **Nemo *Dacia ** Dokker *Daihatsu ** Hijet *Fiat ** Ducato ** Doblò ** Scudo ** Fiorino *Ford ** Econovan **Transit **Transit Connect ** Transit Courier ** Transit Custom *GAZ ** Sobol **GAZelle **GAZelle NEXT *Iveco **Daily *Hyundai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Trafic
The Renault Trafic (pronounced as "traffic") is a light commercial van produced by the French automaker Renault since 1980. It is also marketed as the Fiat Talento, the Nissan NV300, the Nissan Primastar, the Mitsubishi Express and, until the model year of 2018, as the Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro (previously, Opel/Vauxhall Arena), competing with the Citroën Jumpy, Fiat 900T, Fiat Talento, Fiat Scudo, Ford Transit, Ford Transit Custom, Hyundai H-1, Kia Pregio, Mercedes-Benz Vito, GAZ Sobol, Peugeot Expert, Toyota ProAce, Toyota Hiace, Volkswagen Transporter, and the Nissan Vanette (first series). Previous versions of the Renault Trafic have been sold under Inokom, Chevrolet and Tata badges. The third generation Vauxhall Vivaro was produced in GM Manufacturing Luton plant starting in 2013. However, following the takeover of Opel/Vauxhall by Groupe PSA, the Trafic-based Vivaro went out of production in 2018, and was replaced by the next generation Vivaro based on the Citroen Jumpy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
