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Ravenstail Weaving
Ravenstail weaving (''yeil koowu''), also known as Raven's Tail weaving, is a traditional form of geometric weaving-style practiced by Northwest Coast peoples. History The practice of Ravenstail and Chilkat weaving originated among the Tsimshian, and was retained by traditional Tlingit and Haida weavers in present-day Alaska. Ravenstail weaving is thought to be a precursor to Chilkat weaving. Ravenstail weaving has sharp, geometric lines and minimal colors; while Chilkat weaving visually looks more natural with curved lines and a larger color palette. Ravenstail uses a weaving technique called 'twining'. Typically it is created using black and white (and sometimes yellow) colored goat-wool yarn, which creates geometric woven patterns. The early examples used mountain goat-wool yarn. There are not many surviving historical examples, with roughly a dozen Ravenstail robes in North American and European museums. Revival After the 1800s, Ravenstail died out of popularity and due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Peoples Of The Pacific Northwest Coast
The Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast are composed of many nations and tribal affiliations, each with distinctive cultural and political identities. They share certain beliefs, traditions and practices, such as the centrality of salmon as a resource and spiritual symbol, and many cultivation and subsistence practices. The term ''Northwest Coast'' or ''North West Coast'' is used in anthropology to refer to the groups of Indigenous people residing along the coast of what is now called British Columbia, Washington (state), Washington State, parts of Alaska, Oregon, and Northern California. The term ''Pacific Northwest'' is largely used in the American context. At one point, the region had the highest population density of a region inhabited by Indigenous peoples in Canada.Aboriginal Identity (8), Sex (3) and Age Groups (12) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lani Hotch
Lani Hotch, also known as Saantaas', Sekwooneitl and Xhaatooch, is a Native American artist of Tlingit ancestry known for being a contemporary Chilkat weaver who uses Ravenstail weaving in her works. Biography Lani Hotch was born in 1956 in Klukwan, Alaska to a mother of Tlingit ancestry and a father from Northern California. She learned Chilkat weaving from her grandmother Jennie Warren during the mid-1970s but stopped when her grandmother died in March 1977. She began weaving again in 1990 when Cheryl Samuel came to Klukwan to teach Ravenstail weaving. She has spent the majority of her adult life living in Klukwan with her children and husband. She specializes in basket weaving and uses spruce and root as materials. She has stated that she draws inspiration from her community and her local, natural scenic environment. Hotch began teaching classes about woolen weaving and felt application in her village, which she states "asses Ass most commonly refers to: * Buttocks (in in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tlingit Culture
The culture of the Tlingit, an Indigenous people from Alaska, British Columbia, and the Yukon, is multifaceted, a characteristic of Northwest Coast peoples with access to easily exploited rich resources. In Tlingit culture a heavy emphasis is placed upon family and kinship, and on a rich tradition of oratory. Wealth and economic power are important indicators of status, but so is generosity and proper behavior, all signs of "good breeding" and ties to aristocracy. Art and spirituality are incorporated in nearly all areas of Tlingit culture, with even everyday objects such as spoons and storage boxes decorated and imbued with spiritual power and historical associations. Kinship The Tlingit kinship system, like most Northwest Coast societies, is based on a matrilineal structure, and describes a family roughly according to Morgan's Crow system of kinship. The society is wholly divided into two distinct moieties, termed Raven (''Yéil'') and Eagle/Wolf (''Ch'aak'/Ghooch''). The form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weaving
Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Other methods are knitting, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft, woof, or filling. (''Weft'' is an Old English word meaning "that which is woven"; compare ''leave'' and ''left''.) The method in which these threads are interwoven affects the characteristics of the cloth. Cloth is usually woven on a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling threads are woven through them. A fabric band that meets this definition of cloth (warp threads with a weft thread winding between) can also be made using other methods, including tablet weaving, back strap loom, or other techniques that can be done without looms. The way the warp and filling threads interlace with each other is called the weave. The majority of woven products a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of The Pacific Northwest
The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though no official boundary exists, the most common conception includes the U.S. states of Oregon, Washington (state), Washington, and Idaho, and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Some broader conceptions reach north into Alaska and Yukon, south into northern California, and east into western Montana. Other conceptions may be limited to the coastal areas west of the Cascade Mountains, Cascade and Coast Mountains, Coast mountains. The variety of definitions can be attributed to partially overlapping commonalities of the region's history, culture, geography, society, ecosystems, and other factors. The Northwest Coast is the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest, and the Northwest Plateau (also commonly known as "British Columbia Interi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northwest Coast Art
Northwest Coast art is the term commonly applied to a style of art created primarily by artists from Tlingit, Haida, Heiltsuk, Nuxalk, Tsimshian, Kwakwaka'wakw, Nuu-chah-nulth and other First Nations and Native American tribes of the Northwest Coast of North America, from pre-European-contact times up to the present. Distinguishing characteristics Two-dimensional Northwest Coast art is distinguished by the use of formlines, and the use of characteristic shapes referred to as ''ovoids'', ''U forms'' and ''S forms''. Before European contact, the most common media were wood (often Western red cedar), stone, and copper; since European contact, paper, canvas, glass, and precious metals have also been used. If paint is used, the most common colours are red and black, but yellow is also often used, particularly among Kwakwaka'wakw artists.Bill Holm, Northwest Coast Indian Art: An Analysis of Form. University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1965 Chilkat weaving applies formline de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Button Blanket
A button blanket is wool blanket embellished with mother-of-pearl buttons, created by Northwest Coastal tribes, that is worn for ceremonial purposes. ''Ceremonial robes and their associated regalia have been among the most spectacular creations of the Indian people of the Northwest Coast of North America. For generations, these robes have served as insignia of family and clan histories, duties, rights, and privileges, and they are beginning to mark as well a determined presence in contemporary Canadian society. These robes are powerful statements of identity and, donning them, people become in a real sense what they wear.'' Rather than sleeping equipment, the blankets are used as capes and gifts at ceremonial dances and potlatches. The blankets were originally acquired from the Hudson's Bay Company traders during the mid-19th century. The trade blankets were typically dark blue duffel and decorated with buttons made from abalone or dentalium shells. The central crest typic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evelyn Vanderhoop
Evelyn Vanderhoop (born in 1953) is a Haida Nation artist from Masset, British Columbia, Canada. She paints and is a textile artist, specializing in Chilkat weaving and Raven's Tail weaving. Her work is in the collections of the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and the Canadian Museum of History. Early life and background Vanderhoop was born in Masset, British Columbia, in 1953. Her mother, Delores Churchill (Haida), was a prominent weaver, as was her grandmother Selina Peratrovich. Education Vanderhoop earned her a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Western Washington University in Bellingham, Washington. Career In her early career, she worked primarily as a painter, transitioning later into working as a textile artist. Her art practice includes researching and sharing cultural knowledge of Haida history. Vanderhoop specializes in Northern Northwest Coast art weaving. In 2011, the Canadian Museum of History commissioned her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teri Rofkar
Teri Rofkar, or Chas' Koowu Tla'a (1956–2016), was a Tlingit weaver and educator from Sitka, Alaska. She specialized in Ravenstail (Raven's Tail) designs and spruce root baskets. Rofkar was born on September 27, 1956 in San Rafael, California and grew up in Pelican and Anchorage, Alaska. In 1976 she moved to Sitka, Alaska, the town her grandmother was born in, raising three children with her husband Denny Rofkar. She died on December 2, 2016, at age 60. Rofkar learned weaving from her grandmother Eliza Monk, as well as Delores Churchill (Haida), Ernestine Hanlon-Abel (Tlingit) and Cheryl Samuel. She began her professional career as a weaver in 1986. She wove the first Tlingit robe made completely from mountain goat wool in more than two hundred years, but also worked with contemporary materials and technology. Methods of weaving Rofkar specialized in twinning, a method of weaving, and a 6,000 year old practice. This method employed freehand looming, a long, continuous proces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarissa Rizal
Clarissa Rizal (June 4, 1956 – December 7, 2016) was a Tlingit artist of Filipino descent. She was best known as a Chilkat and Ravenstail weaver, but she also worked in painting, printmaking, carving, and sculpting. Personal life Rizal was born on June 4, 1956, in Juneau, Alaska, with the last name of Lampe. Through her mother, she is of the T'ak Dein Taan (black-legged kittywake) clan of Hoonah/Glacier Bay. She also produced works for a time using the married name of Hudson. Rizal raised a son and two daughters; both daughters are weavers. The daughters, Lily Hope and Ursala Hudson, weave and teach in Alaska and other states. Rizal died on December 7, 2016, in Pagosa Springs, Colorado. Apprenticeship and writing When in her twenties, Rizal apprenticed under Jennie Thlunaut to learn Chilkat weaving. Thlunaut was in her 90s. In 2005, Rizal published a book titled ''Jennie Weaves an Apprentice: A Chilkat Weaver's Handbook''. It won a 2007–08 Honoring Alaska's Indig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Delores Churchill
Delores E. Churchill ( hai, Ilskyaalas) is a Native American artist of Haida descent. She is a weaver of baskets, hats, robes, and other regalia, as well as leading revitalization efforts for Haida, her native language. Background Churchill was born in Masset, Queen Charlotte Islands (now Haida Gwaii) in British Columbia, Canada in 1929. She first studied traditional Haida weaving with her mother, Selina Peratrovich, who is also a nationally recognized master weaver. She went on to study traditional Tsimshian weaving from masters Flora Matthew and Brenda White. Churchill further studied at the British Museum and relearned the six-strand weave. After retiring from a bookkeeping career and raising her family, Churchill turned her attention back to basketry at a time when Haida basket weaving was in serious decline as an art form among younger members of the tribe. She taught her niece, Lisa Telford, traditional Haida basket weaving. Additionally Churchill studied rave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilkat Weaving
Chilkat weaving is a traditional form of weaving practiced by Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian, and other Northwest Coast peoples of Alaska and British Columbia. Chilkat blankets are worn by high-ranking tribal members on civic or ceremonial occasions, including dances. Background The name derives from the Tlingit people of the Chilkat (Jilkháat) region near Klukwan, Alaska on the Chilkat River. The Nisga'a are reputed to have invented the technique, according to some Tlingit weavers, though this is not attested in Tsimshian sources. Chilkat weaving can be applied to blankets, robes, dance tunics, aprons, leggings, shirts, vests, bags, hats, and wall-hangings. Chilkat clothing features long wool fringe that sways when the wearer dances. Traditionally chiefs would wear Chilkat robes during potlatch ceremonies. Chilkat weaving is one of the most complex weaving techniques in the world. It is unique in that the artist can create curvilinear and circular forms within the weave itself. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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