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Radix Luteola
''Radix luteola'' is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae. Placement of this species within the genus ''Radix'' was confirmed by Correa et al. (2010).Correa C. A., Escobar J. S., Durand P., Renaud F., David P., Jarne P., Pointier J.-P. & Hurtrez-Boussès S. (2010). "Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis". ''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 10: 381. . There exist two forms of this species: * ''Radix luteola'' f. ''australis'' * ''Radix luteola'' f. ''ovalis'' Distribution ''Radix luteola'' is a widespread species in south Asia and southeast Asia. Parasites ''Radix luteola'' is the first intermediate host for the trematodes: * ''Schistosoma nasale'' * '' Schistosoma indicum''Liu L. et al. (2010) "The phylogeography of ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia". ''Parasites & Vectors'' 3: 57. . * ''Schistosoma spindale'' * ''Schistosoma suis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinostoma Revolutum
''Echinostoma revolutum'' is a trematode parasites, of which the adults can infect birds and mammals, including humans. In humans, it causes echinostomiasis.. Distribution ''Echinostoma revolutum'' is the most widely distributed species of the known 20 Echinostomatidae species; it is found in Asia, Oceania, Europe, and the Americas. In Asian countries the disease is endemic to humans. Outbreaks have been reported in North America after travellers returend from Kenya and Tanzania. Description The worms are leaflike, elongated, and an average of 8.8 mm long (8.0–9.5 mm) and 1.7 mm wide (1.2–2.1 mm). When first passed in the feces, they were pinkish red and coiled in a "c" or "e" shape. The eggs in uteri were an average of 105 μm long (97–117 μm) and 63 μm wide (61–65 μm). Life cycle Infection of ''Echinostoma revolutum'' usually results from ingestion of raw snails or frogs that serve as an intermediate host. This parasite is predominantly foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clinostomum Giganticum
Clinostomum is a genus of trematodes in the order Diplostomida. Species Species include: *'' Clinostomum abdoni'' Tubangui & Garcia, 1939 *'' Clinostomum africanum'' Stossich, 1906 *'' Clinostomum album'' Rosser, Alberson, Woodyard, Cunningham, Pote & Griffin, 2017 *'' Clinostomum almaziae'' Meskal, 1970 *'' Clinostomum anusi'' Wesley, 1944 *'' Clinostomum arquus'' Sereno-Uribe, García-Varela, Pinacho-Pinacho & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2018 *'' Clinostomum attenuatum'' Cort, 1913 *'' Clinostomum australiense'' Johnston, 1917 *'' Clinostomum awadhi'' Abro, Dharejo, Khan & Birmani, 2016 *'' Clinostomum caffarae'' Sereno-Uribe, García-Varela, Pinacho-Pinacho & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2018 *'' Clinostomum chabaudi'' Vercammen-Grandjean, 1960 *'' Clinostomum chrysichthys'' Dubois, 1930 *'' Clinostomum cichlidorum'' Sereno-Uribe, García-Varela, Pinacho-Pinacho & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2018 *'' Clinostomum complanatum'' (Rudolphi, 1814) Braun, 1899 *'' Clinostomum cutaneum'' Paperna, 1964 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fasciola Hepatica
''Fasciola hepatica'', also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitic trematode (fluke or flatworm, a type of helminth) of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes. It infects the livers of various mammals, including humans, and is transmitted by sheep and cattle to humans the world over. The disease caused by the fluke is called fasciolosis or fascioliasis, which is a type of helminthiasis and has been classified as a neglected tropical disease. Fasciolosis is currently classified as a plant/food-borne trematode infection, often acquired through eating the parasite's metacercariae encysted on plants. ''F. hepatica'', which is distributed worldwide, has been known as an important parasite of sheep and cattle for decades and causes significant economic losses in these livestock species, up to £23 million in the UK alone. Because of its relatively large size and economic importance, it has been the subject of many scientific investigations and may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fasciola Gigantica
''Fasciola gigantica'' is a parasitic flatworm of the class Trematoda, which causes tropical fascioliasis. It is regarded as one of the most important single platyhelminth infections of ruminants in Asia and Africa. Estimates of infection rates are as high as 80–100% in some countries. The infection is commonly called fasciolosis. The prevalence of ''F. gigantica'' often overlaps with that of ''Fasciola hepatica'', and the two species are so closely related in terms of genetics, behaviour, and morphological and anatomical structures that distinguishing them is notoriously difficult. Therefore, sophisticated molecular techniques are required to correctly identify and diagnose the infection. Distribution ''Fasciola gigantica'' causes outbreaks in tropical areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. The geographical distribution of ''F. gigantica'' overlaps with ''F. hepatica'' in many African and Asian countries and sometimes in the same country, although in such cases, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistosoma Incognitum
''Schistosoma'' is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes. They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed ''schistosomiasis'', which is considered by the World Health Organization as the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), with hundreds of millions infected worldwide. Adult flatworms parasitize blood capillaries of either the mesenteries or plexus of the bladder, depending on the infecting species. They are unique among trematodes and any other flatworms in that they are dioecious with distinct sexual dimorphism between male and female. Thousands of eggs are released and reach either the bladder or the intestine (according to the infecting species), and these are then excreted in urine or feces to fresh water. Larvae must then pass through an intermediate snail host, before the next larval stage of the parasite emerges that can infect a new mammalian host by directly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistosoma Suis
''Schistosoma'' is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes. They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed ''schistosomiasis'', which is considered by the World Health Organization as the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), with hundreds of millions infected worldwide. Adult flatworms parasitize blood capillaries of either the mesenteries or plexus of the bladder, depending on the infecting species. They are unique among trematodes and any other flatworms in that they are dioecious with distinct sexual dimorphism between male and female. Thousands of eggs are released and reach either the bladder or the intestine (according to the infecting species), and these are then excreted in urine or feces to fresh water. Larvae must then pass through an intermediate snail host, before the next larval stage of the parasite emerges that can infect a new mammalian host by directly p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistosoma Spindale
''Schistosoma spindale'' is a species of digenetic trematode in the family Schistosomatidae. It causes intestinal schistosomiasis in the ruminants. The distribution of ''Schistosoma spindale'' include Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia, and Laos. The tegument of ''Schistosoma spindale'' under scanning electron microscope was studied in 1983. It is non-tuberculated (Gupta and Agrawal 2002 Comparative scanning electron microscopy of some Indian schistosomes. ''Journal of Parasitology and Applied Biology'' 11: 49–54). The first intermediate host is a freshwater snail ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' that may be the sole natural intermediate host for ''Schistosoma spindale'' (and other two ''Schistosoma'' species) on the Indian sub-continent. One snail can produce up to 7,000 cercariae in one day. The cercariae usually infect some hairy host (low host specificity) in shallow and muddy waters. The definitive hosts of ''Schistosoma spindale'' are (mainly) ruminants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasites & Vectors
''Parasites & Vectors'' is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by BioMed Central. The journal publishes articles on the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. ''Parasites & Vector'' was established in 2008 as a merger of ''Filaria Journal'' and ''Kinetoplastid Biology,'' and its launch editor-in-chief was Chris Arme. Since 2013 it has published an associated blog for the parasites and vectors community called BugBitten, and it awards the 'Odile Bain Memorial Prize' (OBMP) to perpetuate the memory of the parasitologist Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it f ... Odile Bain who died in 2012. References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT:Parasites and Vectors BioMed Central academic journals Biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistosoma Indicum
''Schistosoma indicum'' is a species of digenetic trematode in the family Schistosomatidae. The parasite is widespread in domestic animals in India and other Asian countries. ''Schistosoma indicum'' was discovered by the British scientist R. E. Montgomery, in 1906, from a horse from Mukteswar, Uttar Pradesh, India. This blood-fluke causes hepato-intestinal schistosomiasis in many domestic animals (sheep, goat, water buffalo, cattle, camel, horse, donkey, dog, but not pigs). It was responsible for an outbreak of pulmonary schistosomiasis, in 1981, in sheep in Rajasthan, leading to considerable mortality. ''S.indicum'' caused considerable mortality in the sheep flocks in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka but it was misdiagnosed as Rinder Pest, highlighting the problem of proper diagnosis of the infection in domestic animals. ''S.indicum'' has been detected from almost all the states of India and is more widespread than '' Schistosoma spindale''. Intermediate hosts The parasite's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
