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RAB11A
Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11A'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family. It is associated with both constitutive and regulated secretory pathways, and may be involved in protein transport. Rab-11a controls intracellular trafficking of the innate immune receptor TLR4, and thereby also receptor signaling Interactions RAB11A has been shown to interact with: * RAB11FIP1, * RAB11FIP2, * RAB11FIP3, * RAB11FIP4, and * RAB11FIP5 *Moesin Moesin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MSN'' gene. Moesin (for membrane-organizing extension spike protein) is a member of the ERM protein family which includes ezrin and radixin. ERM proteins appear to function as cross-linkers ... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{PDB Gallery, geneid=8766 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAB11FIP1
Rab11 family-interacting protein 1 (Rab11-FIP1) also known as Rab-coupling protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11FIP1'' gene. Function Proteins of the large Rab GTPase family (see for example RAB1A) have regulatory roles in the formation, targeting, and fusion of intracellular transport vesicles. RAB11FIP1 is one of many proteins that interact with and regulate Rab GTPases. RAB11FIP1 has been identified as a novel protein involved in the regulation of adiponectin trafficking and release from the adipocyte. RAB11FIP1 expression, which is increased with increasing BMI in humans, inhibits the release of adiponectin from the adipocyte, potentially contributing to lower circulating levels of adiponectin observed in obese populations. Interactions RAB11FIP1 has been shown to interact with RAB11A and RAB4A Ras-related protein Rab-4A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB4A'' gene. Interactions RAB4A has been shown to interact with: * CD2AP, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TLR4
Toll-like receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TLR4'' gene. TLR4 is a transmembrane protein, member of the toll-like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family. Its activation leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system. TLR4 expressing cells are myeloid (erythrocytes, granulocytes, macrophages) rather than lymphoid (T-cells, B-cells, NK cells). Most myeloid cells also express high levels of CD14, which facilitates activation of TLR4 by LPS. It is most well known for recognizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component present in many Gram-negative bacteria (e.g. ''Neisseria'' spp.) and selected Gram-positive bacteria. Its ligands also include several viral proteins, polysaccharide, and a variety of endogenous proteins such as low-density lipoprotein, beta-defensins, and heat shock protein. Palmitic acid and lauric aci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAB11FIP2
Rab11 family-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11FIP2'' gene. Interactions RAB11FIP2 has been shown to interact with MYO5B, RAB11A Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11A'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family. It is associated with both constitutive and regulated secr ... and RAB25. References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * {{Gene-10-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAB11FIP3
Rab11 family-interacting protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11FIP3'' gene. Proteins of the large Rab GTPase family (see RAB1A; MIM 179508) have regulatory roles in the formation, targeting, and fusion of intracellular transport vesicles. RAB11FIP3 is one of many proteins that interact with and regulate Rab GTPases (Hales et al., 2001). upplied by OMIMref name="entrez" /> Interactions RAB11FIP3 has been shown to interact with RAB11A Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11A'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family. It is associated with both constitutive and regulated se .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * EF-hand-containing proteins {{Gene-16-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAB11FIP4
Rab11 family-interacting protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11FIP4'' gene. Interactions RAB11FIP4 has been shown to interact with RAB11A Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB11A'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family. It is associated with both constitutive and regulated secr .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * {{gene-17-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innate Immunity
The innate, or nonspecific, immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies (the other being the adaptive immune system) in vertebrates. The innate immune system is an older evolutionary defense strategy, relatively speaking, and is the dominant immune system response found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms (see Beyond vertebrates).. The major functions of the innate immune system are to: * recruit immune cells to infection sites by producing chemical factors, including chemical mediators called cytokines * activate the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells * identify and remove foreign substances present in organs, tissues, blood and lymph, by specialized white blood cells * activate the adaptive immune system through antigen presentation * act as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents; via physical measures such as skin and chemical measures such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Immune Receptor
An immune receptor (or immunologic receptor) is a receptor, usually on a cell membrane, which binds to a substance (for example, a cytokine) and causes a response in the immune system. Types The main receptors in the immune system are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs), complement receptors, Fc receptors, B cell receptors and T cell receptors.Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. . . Page 20 See also * Antigen In immunology, an antigen (Ag) is a molecule or molecular structure or any foreign particulate matter or a pollen grain that can bind to a specific antibody or T-cell receptor. The presence of antigens in the body may trigger an immune respons ... References External links * {{Immune receptors Immune system Single-pass transmembrane proteins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
