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Ptychalaea
''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc fauna of the North Bohemian Lake (Most Basin)// Bulletin of Geosciences. Vol.89. No.4. P.819–908.Balashov I.A. & Perkovsky E.E. 2020An Eocene land snail ''Balticopta gusakovi'' gen.n., sp.n. (Stylommatophora: Gastrocoptidae) from Baltic amber// Invertebrate Zoology. Vol.17. No.1: 18–24. Taxonomy The type species of the genus is fossil '' Ptychalaea flexidens'' (Reuss, 1861) from Miocene of Europe. In 1920 the extant snails from Japan were placed into ''Ptychalaea'' - ''Nesopupa dedecora'' Pilsbry, 1902 and its form ''Nesopupa tamagonari'' Pilsbry, Hirase, 1904. Japanese species was established under the name '' Ptychalaea dedecora'' (Pilsbry, 1902). Although in 2018 it was shown that ''Nesopupa dedecora'' and its form ''Nesopupa ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychalaea Mystica
''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc fauna of the North Bohemian Lake (Most Basin)// Bulletin of Geosciences. Vol.89. No.4. P.819–908.Balashov I.A. & Perkovsky E.E. 2020An Eocene land snail ''Balticopta gusakovi'' gen.n., sp.n. (Stylommatophora: Gastrocoptidae) from Baltic amber// Invertebrate Zoology. Vol.17. No.1: 18–24. Taxonomy The type species of the genus is fossil '' Ptychalaea flexidens'' (Reuss, 1861) from Miocene of Europe. In 1920 the extant snails from Japan were placed into ''Ptychalaea'' - ''Nesopupa dedecora'' Pilsbry, 1902 and its form ''Nesopupa tamagonari'' Pilsbry, Hirase, 1904. Japanese species was established under the name '' Ptychalaea dedecora'' (Pilsbry, 1902). Although in 2018 it was shown that ''Nesopupa dedecora'' and its form ''Nesopupa tamago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychalaea Flexidens
''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc fauna of the North Bohemian Lake (Most Basin)// Bulletin of Geosciences. Vol.89. No.4. P.819–908.Balashov I.A. & Perkovsky E.E. 2020An Eocene land snail ''Balticopta gusakovi'' gen.n., sp.n. (Stylommatophora: Gastrocoptidae) from Baltic amber// Invertebrate Zoology. Vol.17. No.1: 18–24. Taxonomy The type species of the genus is fossil '' Ptychalaea flexidens'' (Reuss, 1861) from Miocene of Europe. In 1920 the extant snails from Japan were placed into ''Ptychalaea'' - ''Nesopupa dedecora'' Pilsbry, 1902 and its form ''Nesopupa tamagonari'' Pilsbry, Hirase, 1904. Japanese species was established under the name '' Ptychalaea dedecora'' (Pilsbry, 1902). Although in 2018 it was shown that ''Nesopupa dedecora'' and its form ''Nesopupa tamago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vertigo (gastropod)
''Vertigo'' is a genus of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426423 on 2023-02-07 Description Snails in the genus ''Vertigo'' have no oral tentacles, thus they have only one pair of tentacles. The jaw is arched; the ends squarely truncated; the anterior surface striate; the cutting edge with a median projection. The radula has a central tooth that is almost square, tricuspid, as large as or larger than the lateral teeth, which are similar, narrower, and bi- or tricuspid. The marginal teeth are low, wide and serrated. Shell The shell is deeply rimate and ovate. The apex is acuminate and obtuse. The shell has 5–6 whorls. The last whorl is rounded. The aperture is semioval with 4 to 7 folds. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychalaea Dedecora
''Vertigo dedecora'' is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae.Nekola J. C., Chiba S., Coles B.F., Drost C.A., Proschwitz T.V., Horsák M. 2018. A phylogenetic overview of the genus Vertigo O.F. Müller, 1773 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pupillidae: Vertigininae) // Malacologia. Vol.62. No.1. P.21–161. This species is vulnerable. Was erroneously placed in genus ''Ptychalaea''. Distribution This species is endemic to Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north .... References * Molluscs of Japan Vertiginidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN {{Vertiginidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastrocoptidae
Gastrocoptidae is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.Philippe Bouchet, Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl and Ellen E. Strong. 2017. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families'. Malacologia, 61(1-2): 1-526.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Gastrocoptidae Pilsbry, 1918. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=842722 on 2020-05-02 Distribution The distribution of the Gastrocoptidae is nearly worldwide, although family is extinct in Europe since Pleistocene, except one species in Northern Caucasus. In fossil record from Paleocene. Taxonomy For some time was considered as a subfamily in Vertiginidae, some species of these two families are very similar by the shell's characters. Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar Boettger
Oskar Boettger (german: Böttger; 31 March 1844 – 25 September 1910) was a German zoologist who was a native of Frankfurt am Main. He was an uncle of the noted malacologist Caesar Rudolf Boettger (1888–1976). From 1863 to 1866 he studied at the Bergakademie Freiberg, then worked for a year in a chemical factory in Frankfurt am Main."Boettger, Oskar" p. 410. In: (1955). '' Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 2''. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. . (in German). In 1869 he received his doctorate from the . The following year (1870), he became a |
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic Amber
The Baltic region is home to the largest known deposit of amber, called Baltic amber or succinite. It was produced sometime during the Eocene epoch, but exactly when is controversial. It has been estimated that these forests created more than 100,000 tons of amber. Today, more than 90% of the world's amber comes from Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is a major source of income for the region; the local Kaliningrad Amber Combine extracted 250 tonnes of it in 2014, 400 tonnes in 2015. "Baltic amber" was formerly thought to include amber from the Bitterfeld Lignite, brown coal mines in Saxony (Eastern Germany). Bitterfeld amber was previously believed to be only 20–22 million years old (Miocene), but a comparison of the animal inclusions in 2003 suggested that it was possibly Baltic amber that was redeposited in a Miocene deposit. Further study of insect taxa in the ambers has shown Bitterfeld amber to be from the same forest as the Baltic amber forest, but separately deposited f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', "dawn") and (''kainós'', "new") and refers to the "dawn" of modern ('new') fauna that appeared during the epoch. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the Eocene is marked by a brief period in which the concentration of the carbon isotope Carbon-13, 13C in the atmosphere was exceptionally low in comparison with the more common isotope Carbon-12, 12C. The end is set at a major extinction event called the ''Grande Coupure'' (the "Great Break" in continuity) or the Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, which may be related to the impact of one or more large bolides in Popigai impact structure, Siberia and in what is now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vertiginidae
Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. Distribution The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in the Northern Hemisphere: North America (60 species), Eurasia (30 species), North and central Africa (3-5 species). That gives a total of approximately 93-95 species. Ecology Snails in this family inhabit habitats ranging from forests to semi-open and open habitats with various different kinds of substrate cover, vegetation and humidity. They feed on microflora - bacteria and fungi - growing on dead and living plants. Taxonomy The following three subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): * Subfamily Vertigininae Fitzinger, 1833 ** Tribe Vertiginini Fitzinger, 1833 ** Tribe Truncatellinini Steenberg, 1925 - synonyms: Truncatellininae; Columellinae Schileyko, 1998 - raised in 2016 to family level Truncatellin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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