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Protogoniomorpha
''Protogoniomorpha'' is a genus of nymphalid butterflies found in the Afrotropical realm, commonly known as mother-of-pearls. Taxonomy ''Protogoniomorpha'' was viewed as part of '' Salamis'' by Ackery et al. (1995). Based on phylogenetic research, the group was reinstated as distinct genus, with some members possibly needing further reassignment. Species * ''Protogoniomorpha anacardii'' (Linnaeus, 1758) — clouded mother-of-pearl * '' Protogoniomorpha cytora'' (Doubleday, 1847) — western blue beauty * '' Protogoniomorpha duprei'' Vinson, 1863 — Madagascan mother-of-pearl (sometimes listed as a subspecies of ''P. anacardii'') * ''Protogoniomorpha parhassus'' (Druce, 1782) — common mother-of-pearl or forest mother-of-pearl * ''Protogoniomorpha temora ''Protogoniomorpha temora'', the blue mother-of-pearl or eastern blue beauty, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protogoniomorpha Anacardii
''Protogoniomorpha anacardii'', the clouded mother-of-pearl, is a species of Nymphalidae butterfly found in tropical Africa. The wingspan is 55–68 mm for males and 65–75 mm for females. Its flight period is year-round, peaking in summer and autumn. The species larval food is ''Asystasia'', ''Brillantaisia'', ''Isoglossa'', '' Justicia'', ''Mimulopsis'', and '' Paulowilhelmia'' species. Le salamis anarcadii est reconnaissable avec sa couleur blanche et ses deux grandes tâches noires sur le haut de ses ailes ainsi qu’à ses deux petites tâches en forme d’œil jaune et à son camouflage de feuilles. Subspecies *''P. a. anacardii'' — Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, western Nigeria, Central African Republic to the Rift Valley *''P. a. ansorgei'' (Rothschild, 1904) — Angola, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo *''P. a. nebulosa'' Trimen, 1881 — Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protogoniomorpha Cytora
''Protogoniomorpha cytora'', the western blue beauty, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, and Benin. The habitat consists of open spaces in primary forests and mature secondary forests. The larvae feed on Acanthaceae species. Taxonomy ''Protogoniomorpha cytora'' was first described as member of the genus ''Junonia'', it was then reassigned to the genus '' Salamis''. In the genus ''Salamis'', ''P. cytora'' was considered to be a member of the ''Protogoniomorpha ''Protogoniomorpha'' is a genus of nymphalid butterflies found in the Afrotropical realm, commonly known as mother-of-pearls. Taxonomy ''Protogoniomorpha'' was viewed as part of '' Salamis'' by Ackery et al. (1995). Based on phylogenetic researc ...''-group, and was moved accordingly into a separate genus following phylogenetic research, although findings point to a close relationship with the present genus ''Junonia''. References Jun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protogoniomorpha Temora
''Protogoniomorpha temora'', the blue mother-of-pearl or eastern blue beauty, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Ethiopia. The habitat consists of dense forests and riverine thicket. The larvae feed on '' Paulowilhelmia sclerochiton'', '' Mimulopsis spatulata'', '' Sclerochiton paulowilhelmina'', '' Justicia'', ''Asystasia'' and '' Mellera'' species. Subspecies *''Protogoniomorpha temora temora'' (Nigeria, Cameroon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Tanzania, western Kenya, southern Sudan, Ethiopia) *''Protogoniomorpha temora virescens'' (Suffert, 1904) (Tanzania: east to the Nguru and Uluguru Mountains The Uluguru mountains are a mountain range in eastern Tanzania, named after the Luguru tribe. The main portion of the Uluguru mountains is a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protogoniomorpha Parhassus
''Protogoniomorpha parhassus'', the forest mother-of-pearl or common mother-of-pearl,Williams, M. (1994). ''Butterflies of Southern Africa; A Field Guide''. . is a species of Nymphalidae butterfly found in forested areas of Africa. Subspecies *''P. p. parhassus'', the forest mother-of-pearl, from Tropical AfricaMarkku Sevala's pages: http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/nymphalinae/salamis/index.html, retrieved 31 July 2010. *''P. p. aethiops'' (Palisot de Beauvais, 1805), the common mother-of-pearl from southern Africa Description The following description is for ''P. p. aethiops'': A large butterfly; the wingspan is 65–80 mm for males and 75–90 mm for females. The male and female are similar in colour and pattern. The base colour of the upper surface of the wings is greenish white with a violet sheen in the wet-season form, and pearly white in the dry-season form. The forewing has a black-tipped, hooked apex. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malagasy Mother-of-Pearl Butterfly
''Protogoniomorpha duprei'', the Malagasy mother-of-pearl, is a species of butterfly-footed butterfly endemic to the island state of Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa .... Description With a wingspan nearing 7 centimetres, ''Protogoniomorpha duprei'' is a medium sized butterfly. Threats Being an inhabitant of forests, this uncommon insect is affected by habitat loss due to logging and land conversion for agriculture. This is the leading cause of its population decline. It is estimated that the population has declined by 20–30% within the last decade. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q108905663 Nymphalidae Insects of Madagascar Butterflies described in 1863 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamis (butterfly)
''Salamis'' is a genus of nymphalid butterflies. They are commonly known as mother-of-pearls and are found in Africa. Salamis was a nymph in Greek mythology, the daughter of the river god Asopus and Metope, daughter of the Ladon, another river god. Taxonomy The earliest description of species in this genus were published in the second half of the 18th century by Linnaeus, Drury and Fabricius in the genus ''Papilio''. In 1833, Boisduval created the genus ''Salamis'' with the description of '' S. augustina''. The three previously described species of ''Papilio'' ('' P. anacardii'', '' P. parhassus'' and '' P. cacta'') were then added to the genus ''Salamis''. Similarly, multiple species first described in the 19th century in the related genus of ''Junonia'' were later reassigned to this genus. Recent phylogenetic studies have supported the proposal to consider the group of ''Protogoniomorpha'', which was often considered to be a part of ''Salamis'', as a distinct genus. Speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junoniini
Junoniini is a tribe of nymphalid ( brush-footed) butterflies. at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Genera * '''' Hübner, 1819 – buckeyes, commodores, pansies * '' Precis'' Hübner, 1819 – pansies * '''' Wallengren, 1857 (formerly in ''[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Daniel Johan Wallengren
Hans Daniel Johan Wallengren (8 June 1823 – 25 October 1894) was a Swedish clergyman and entomologist. Biography He was born in Lund, Sweden. Wallengren became a student at Lund University from 1842, was ordained a priest in 1847 and was appointed parish priest at Farhult and Jonstorp parishes. He undertook zoological studies with trips to Gotland and to Bohemia and Silesia, He also visited the museums in Braunschweig, Berlin and Copenhagen. Wallengren was responsible for studying and naming the butterflies collected by naturalist and explorer Johan August Wahlberg (1810–1856) at Kafferland (now Cape Province The Province of the Cape of Good Hope ( af, Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as the Cape Province ( af, Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as The Cape ( af, Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequen ... in South Africa). Selected works *''Lepidoptera Scandinavioæ Rhopalocera'' (1853) *''Skandinaviens Heterocerf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nymphalid
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a reduced pair of forelegs and many hold their colourful wings flat when resting. They are also called brush-footed butterflies or four-footed butterflies, because they are known to stand on only four legs while the other two are curled up; in some species, these forelegs have a brush-like set of hairs, which gives this family its other common name. Many species are brightly coloured and include popular species such as the emperors, monarch butterfly, admirals, tortoiseshells, and fritillaries. However, the under wings are, in contrast, often dull and in some species look remarkably like dead leaves, or are much paler, producing a cryptic effect that helps the butterflies blend into their surroundings. Nomenclature Rafinesque introduced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily (zoology), superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo Holometabolism, complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrotropical Realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Africa south of the Sahara Desert, the majority of the Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, southern Iran and extreme southwestern Pakistan, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region. Major ecological regions Most of the Afrotropic, with the exception of Africa's southern tip, has a tropical climate. A broad belt of deserts, including the Atlantic and Sahara deserts of northern Africa and the Arabian Desert of the Arabian Peninsula, separate the Afrotropic from the Palearctic realm, which includes northern Africa and temperate Eurasia. Sahel and Sudan South of the Sahara, two belts of tropical grassland and savanna run east and west across the continent, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ethiopian Highlands. Immediately south of the Sahara lies the Sahel belt, a transitional zone of semi-arid short grassland and vachellia sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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