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Principality Of Orange
The Principality of Orange (french: la Principauté d'Orange; oc, Principat d'Aurenja) was, from 1163 to 1713, a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the east bank of the river Rhone, north of the city of Avignon, and surrounded by the independent papal state of Comtat Venaissin. It was constituted in 1163, when Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I elevated the Burgundian County of Orange (consisting of the city of Orange and the land surrounding it) to a sovereign principality within the Empire. The principality became part of the scattered holdings of the house of Orange-Nassau from the time that William the Silent inherited the title of Prince of Orange from his cousin in 1544, until it was finally ceded to France in 1713 under the Treaty of Utrecht. Although permanently lost by the Nassaus then, this fief gave its name to the extant Royal House of the Netherlands. The area of the principality was approximately long by wide, or . History The Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vassal State
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to the era of the Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...ian, Hittites, Hittite and Mitanni conflict, as well as ancient China. The use of vassal states continued through the Middle Ages, with the last empire to use such states being the Ottoman Empire. The relationships between vassal rulers and empires was dependent on the policies and agreements of each empire. While payment of tribute and military service is common amongst vassal states, the degree of independence and benefits given to vassal states varied. Today, more com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality
A principality (or sometimes princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a regnant-monarch with the title of prince and/or princess, or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under the generic meaning of the term ''prince''. Terminology Most of these states have historically been a polity, but in some occasions were rather territories in respect of which a princely title is held. The prince's estate and wealth may be located mainly or wholly outside the geographical confines of the principality. Generally recognised surviving sovereign principalities are Liechtenstein, Monaco, and the co-principality of Andorra. Extant royal primogenitures styled as principalities include Asturias (Spain). The Principality of Wales existed in the northern and western areas of Wales between the 13th and 16th centuries; the Laws in Wales Act of 1536 which legally incorporated Wales within England removed the distinction bet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John III Of Chalon-Arlay
John III of Chalon-Arlay (died 1418) was a French nobleman and a member of the House of Chalon-Arlay. He was the son of Louis I lord of Arguel, and the heir of his uncle, Louis's brother, Hugh II lord of Arlay from whom he inherited Arlay. He married Mary of Baux-Orange, who was the heiress of the Principality of Orange The Principality of Orange (french: la Principauté d'Orange; oc, Principat d'Aurenja) was, from 1163 to 1713, a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the east bank of the river Rhone, north of the city of Avignon, an .... John thus became Prince of Orange. John and Mary were the parents of * Louis II lord of Arlay. * Jean de Chalon, sire de Vitteaux (d. 1462) * Hugues de Chalon, sire de Cuiseaux (d. 1426 s.p.) * Alix de Chalon, dame de Bussy (d. 1457) * Marie de Chalon, dame de Cerlier (d. 1465) Chalon-Arlay Princes of Orange 1418 deaths {{France-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Of Baux-Orange
Mary of Baux-Orange (died 1417) was ''suo jure'' Princess of Orange. She was the last holder of this title from the House of Baux. Life Marie was the only child and therefore the sole heiress of Raymond V of Baux and his wife, Joan of Geneva. On 11 April 1386, she married John III, the son of Louis I, Lord of Châlon-Arlay and Margaret of Vienne. They had one son: Louis II, nicknamed ''Louis the Good'' (1390-1463) Mary died in 1417 in Orange and was buried in ''L'église des Cordeliers'' at Lons-le-Saunier. Her husband died in 1418. Louis II inherited Châlon-Arlay from his father and Baux-Orange, including the Principality of Orange, from his mother. He claimed to have also inherited the County of Geneva via his grandmother, but lost a lengthy legal battle over this claim against the House of Savoy. See also * Lords of Baux * Château des Baux * House of Chalon-Arlay * Principality of Orange The Principality of Orange (french: la Principauté d'Orange; oc, Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Arles
The following is a list of the kings of the two kingdoms of Burgundy, and a number of related political entities devolving from Carolingian machinations over family relations. Kings of the Burgundians * Gebicca (late 4th century – c. 407) * Gundomar I (c. 407 – 411), son of Gebicca *Giselher (c. 407 – 411), son of Gebicca * Gunther (c. 407 – 436), son of Gebicca ''Flavius Aëtius moves the Burgundians into Sapaudia ( Upper Rhône Basin)''. * Gunderic/Gundioc (436–473) opposed by ** Chilperic I, brother of Gundioc (443–c. 480) *division of the kingdom among the four sons of Gundioc: ** Gundobad (473–516 in Lyon, king of all of Burgundy from 480), **Chilperic II (473–493 in Valence) ** Godomar I (473–486 in Vienna) **Godegisel (473–500, in Vienne and Geneva) *Sigismund, son of Gundobad (516–523) *Godomar or Gundimar, son of Gundobad (523–534) Burgundy under Frankish kings ''Gradually conquered by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arles
Arles (, , ; oc, label= Provençal, Arle ; Classical la, Arelate) is a coastal city and commune in the South of France, a subprefecture in the Bouches-du-Rhône department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in the former province of Provence. A large part of the Camargue, the largest wetlands in France, is located on the territory of the commune, making it the largest commune in Metropolitan France in terms of geographic territory. (Maripasoula, French Guiana, is much larger than Arles). The city has a long history, and was of considerable importance in the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis. The Roman and Romanesque Monuments of Arles were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1981 for their testimony to the history of the region. Many artists have lived and worked in this area because of the southern light, including Pablo Picasso, Paul Gauguin, Jacques Réattu, and Peter Brown. The Dutch post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh lived in Arles from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV ( cs, Karel IV.; german: Karl IV.; la, Carolus IV; 14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378''Karl IV''. In: (1960): ''Geschichte in Gestalten'' (''History in figures''), vol. 2: ''F–K''. 38, Frankfurt 1963, p. 294), also known as Charles of Luxembourg, born Wenceslaus (, ), was the first King of Bohemia to become Holy Roman Emperor. He was a member of the House of Luxembourg from his father's side and the Bohemian House of Přemyslid from his mother's side; he emphasized the latter due to his lifelong affinity for the Bohemian side of his inheritance, and also because his direct ancestors in the Přemyslid line included two saints. He was the eldest son and heir of John of Bohemia, King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg, who died at the Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346. His mother, Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, was the sister of Wenceslaus III, King of Bohemia and Poland, the last of the male Přemyslid rulers of Bohemia. Charles inherited the County of Luxe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fief
A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of feudal allegiance, services and/or payments. The fees were often lands, land revenue or revenue-producing real property like a watermill, held in feudal land tenure: these are typically known as fiefs or fiefdoms. However, not only land but anything of value could be held in fee, including governmental office, rights of exploitation such as hunting, fishing or felling trees, monopolies in trade, money rents and tax farms. There never did exist one feudal system, nor did there exist one type of fief. Over the ages, depending on the region, there was a broad variety of customs using the same basic legal principles in many variations. Terminology In ancient Rome, a " benefice" (from the Latin noun , meaning "benefit") was a gift of l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Burgundy-Arles
The Kingdom of Burgundy, known from the 12th century as the Kingdom of Arles, also referred to in various context as Arelat, the Kingdom of Arles and Vienne, or Kingdom of Burgundy-Provence, was a realm established in 933 by the merger of the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Burgundy under King Rudolf II. It was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire in 1033 and from then on was one of the empire's three constituent realms, together with the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. By the mid-13th century at the latest, however, it had lost its concrete political relevance. Its territory stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to the High Rhine River in the north, roughly corresponding to the present-day French regions of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhône-Alpes and Franche-Comté, as well as western Switzerland. Until 1032 it was ruled by independent kings of the Elder House of Welf.''The New Columbia Encyclopedia'' 1975, 150 Carolingian Burgundy Since the conquest of the F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lords Of Baux
This is a list of the Lords, Barons and Marquisses of Baux. List of rulers of Baux Lords of Baux of the House of Baux * Pons the Younger (born , ), father of * Hugh I (born after 1059), father of * french: Guillaume Hugues or "Guilhem Uc" (after 10301105), father of * Raymond I (before 10951150), father of * Hugh II (reigned 11501167; retired to Sardinia where he died in 1179) * Betrand I (1167–1181), brother of Hugh II * Hugh III (1181–1240), lord of Baux, viscount of Marseille, eldest son of Bertrand I *Barral of Baux (Barral I, 1240–1268), father of * Bertrand III (1268–1305), father of * Raymond II (1305–1322), father of * Hugh IV (1322–1351), father of *Robert (1351–1353) * Raymond III (1353–1372), brother of Robert, father of * John I (1372–1375) * Alice I (1372–1426), sister of John This branch of the House of Baux was declared extinct in 1426. The domains were inherited by Counts of Provence. The House of Baux moved to Italy on 1263 following Charl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Orange
The House of Orange-Nassau (Dutch: ''Huis van Oranje-Nassau'', ) is the current reigning house of the Netherlands. A branch of the European House of Nassau, the house has played a central role in the politics and government of the Netherlands and Europe especially since William the Silent organised the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule, which after the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) led to an independent Dutch state. Several members of the house served during this war and after as stadtholder ("governor"; Dutch: ''stadhouder'') during the Dutch Republic. However, in 1815, after a long period as a republic, the Netherlands became a monarchy under the House of Orange-Nassau. The dynasty was established as a result of the marriage of Henry III of Nassau-Breda from Germany and Claudia of Châlon-Orange from French Burgundy in 1515. Their son René of Chalon inherited in 1530 the independent and sovereign Principality of Orange from his mother's brother, Philibert of Châlon. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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