Praga Bridge
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Praga Bridge
The Praga Bridge (Spanish: ''Puente de Praga'', after the city of Prague) is a bridge in Madrid, Spain. Crossing over the Manzanares, it is part of the , that eventually becomes the A-42 (the motorway to Toledo) south of the river. History and description An original bridge built circa 1925 was chiefly used for the transport of cattle to the slaughterhouse (''Matadero'') of Legazpi, so it was informally known as ''puente del Matadero''. In 1932, the Ayuntamiento de Madrid determined to name it after the city of Prague (''Praga'' in Spanish). However, building works for a new bridge started in the 1940s. Upon the time for the inauguration of the second bridge, it was determined it would be named ''puente de los Héroes del Alcázar de Toledo'', yet pretty much everybody stuck to the Praga name of the old bridge. It was finally opened to traffic in the Summer of 1952. As there were problems in the foundation works and the quality of the materials was deficient, authorities deter ...
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Manzanares (river)
The Manzanares () is a river in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, which flows from the Sierra de Guadarrama, passes through Madrid, and eventually empties into the Jarama river, which in turn is a right-bank tributary to the Tagus. In its urban section, the Manzanares River was modified to create a section of water several meters deep, in some parts navigable by canoes. This project of channeling and damming has been partially reversed in a re-naturalization project. Course Sources The Manzanares has its sources in the southern slope of the , a branch of the Sierra de Guadarrama (the main eastern section of the Sistema Central), in the municipality of Manzanares el Real, in the Madrid region. It is formally called Manzanares after the confluence of the arroyo de la Condesa and the Arroyo de Valdemartín. The Arroyo de la Condesa is in turn born in the , a traditionally resilient snowdrift, and its watershed comprises the slopes in between La Maliciosa (2,227 m), the Al ...
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Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its monocentric metropolitan area is the third-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. Capital city of both Spain (almost without interruption since 1561) and the surrounding autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. The city is situated on an elevated plain about from the closest seaside location. The climate of Madrid features hot summers and cool winters. The Madrid urban agglomeration has the second-large ...
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Beam Bridge
Beam bridges are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier at each end. No moments are transferred throughout the support, hence their structural type is known as '' simply supported''. The simplest beam bridge could be a log (see log bridge), a wood plank, or a stone slab (see clapper bridge) laid across a stream. Bridges designed for modern infrastructure will usually be constructed of steel or reinforced concrete, or a combination of both. The concrete elements may be reinforced, prestressed or post-tensioned. Such modern bridges include girder, plate girder, and box girder bridges, all types of beam bridges. Types of construction could include having many beams side by side with a deck across the top of them, to a main beam either side supporting a deck between them. The main beams could be I-beams, trusses, or box girders. They could be half-through, or braced across the top to create a through bridge. Because no moments ...
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Spanish Language
Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain. Spanish is the official language of List of countries where Spanish is an official language, 20 countries. It is the world's list of languages by number of native speakers, second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's list of languages by total number of speakers, fourth-most spoken language overall after English language, English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani language, Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance languages, Romance language. The largest population of native speakers is in Mexico. Spanish is part of the Iberian Romance languages, Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in I ...
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Prague
Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate oceanic climate, with relatively warm summers and chilly winters. Prague is a political, cultural, and economic hub of central Europe, with a rich history and Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architectures. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV (r. 1346–1378). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city played major roles in the Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia between the World Wars and the post-war Communist era. Prague is home to a number of well-known cultural attractions, many of which survived the ...
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Autovía A-42
The Autovía A-42 (also known as ''Autovía de Toledo'') is a Spanish autovía which connects Madrid to Toledo. It was built in the mid-1980s as an upgrade of the N-401 road between the two cities, and received the A-42 designation in 2003 as part of the general renumbering of Spanish autovías. In the mid-2000s, the Autopista AP-41 was built to supersede the A-42, though the autovía is still regularly used. Beyond Toledo, the A-42 continues through the community of Castile-La Mancha to Tomelloso as the CM-42, itself an upgrade of the CM-400. Project On May 9, 2006, the City of Getafe signed an agreement with the Ministry of Public Works to move the road to make it pass through Getafe. Cities contiguous to Autovía A-42 * Leganés * Getafe * Fuenlabrada * Pinto * Parla * Valdemoro * Torrejón de la Calzada * Torrejón de Velasco * Casarrubuelos * Illescas * Yuncos * Numancia de la Sagra * Yuncler * Villaluenga de la Sagra * Cabañas de la Sagra * Olías del Rey Olías ...
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City Council Of Madrid
The City Council of Madrid ( es, Ayuntamiento de Madrid) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of the Madrid, the capital and biggest city of Spain. The City Council is composed by three bodies; the Mayor who leads the City Council and the executive branch of it, the Governing Council (''Junta de Gobierno'') which is the main body of the executive branch composed by the Mayor and the councillors appointed by him and the Plenary, a democratically elected assembly which represents the people of Madrid. The current Mayor of Madrid is José Luis Martínez-Almeida since June 2019. Main bodies Governing Council The ''Junta de Gobierno of the City of Madrid'' is the executive branch of the City Council, formed by the Mayor and a group of councillors appointed by the Mayor. The current Board is composed of ten members, which are: Districts The local government of the City uses a decentralized system but ultimately led by the ''ayuntamiento''. The Plenary is the body wit ...
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Prestressed Concrete
Prestressed concrete is a form of concrete used in construction. It is substantially "prestressed" ( compressed) during production, in a manner that strengthens it against tensile forces which will exist when in service. Post-tensioned concreted is "structural concrete in which internal stresses have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from loads." This compression is produced by the tensioning of high-strength "tendons" located within or adjacent to the concrete and is done to improve the performance of the concrete in service. Tendons may consist of single wires, multi-wire strands or threaded bars that are most commonly made from high-tensile steels, carbon fiber or aramid fiber. The essence of prestressed concrete is that once the initial compression has been applied, the resulting material has the characteristics of high-strength concrete when subject to any subsequent compression forces and of ductile high-strength steel when sub ...
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Europa Press
The Europa Press was a publishing house founded and run by the Irish surrealist poet George Reavey. The press was based in Paris from its inception in 1932 until 1935, when Reavey moved to London. It ceased operation in 1939. The Europa Press is important in the history of 20th century Irish poetry because it published early work by Reavey, Brian Coffey, Denis Devlin and Samuel Beckett and in a wider context of literary and surrealist history because it published the first ever collection of English-language versions of work by Paul Éluard. This was published to coincide with the opening of the International Surrealist Exhibition in 1936 and featured a drawing by Pablo Picasso and a preface by Herbert Read, and the translators included Reavey, Beckett, Devlin, David Gascoyne, Man Ray and Ruthven Todd. Complete list of Europa Press books #Reavey, George. ''Faust's Metamorphoses''. (1932) (in association with ''The New Review ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, d ...
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Bridges In Madrid
A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or rail) without blocking the way underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross. There are many different designs of bridges, each serving a particular purpose and applicable to different situations. Designs of bridges vary depending on factors such as the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, and the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The earliest bridges were likely made with fallen trees and stepping stones. The Neolithic people built boardwalk bridges across marshland. The Arkadiko Bridge (dating from the 13th century BC, in the Peloponnese) is one of the oldest arch bridges still in existence and use. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the origin of the wo ...
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